Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

About: Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is a nonprofit organization based out in Ürümqi, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Drip irrigation & Gene. The organization has 1013 authors who have published 587 publications receiving 5229 citations. The organization is also known as: Bingtuan & XPCC.

Asymmetric subgenome selection and cis -regulatory divergence during cotton domestication

Abstract: Comparative population genomics offers an excellent opportunity for unraveling the genetic history of crop domestication. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) has long been an important economic crop, but a genome-wide and evolutionary understanding of the effects of human selection is lacking. Here, we describe a variation map for 352 wild and domesticated cotton accessions. We scanned 93 domestication sweeps occupying 74 Mb of the A subgenome and 104 Mb of the D subgenome, and identified 19 candidate loci for fiber-quality-related traits through a genome-wide association study. We provide evidence showing asymmetric subgenome domestication for directional selection of long fibers. Global analyses of DNase I-hypersensitive sites and 3D genome architecture, linking functional variants to gene transcription, demonstrate the effects of domestication on cis-regulatory divergence. This study provides new insights into the evolution of gene organization, regulation and adaptation in a major crop, and should serve as a rich resource for genome-based cotton improvement.

The Diversity and Anti-Microbial Activity of Endophytic Actinomycetes Isolated from Medicinal Plants in Panxi Plateau, China

Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicinal plants are sources of biologically active compounds, providing raw material for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and fragrance industries. The endophytes of medicinal plants participate in biochemical pathways and produce analogous or novel bioactive compounds. Panxi plateau in South-west Sichuan in China with its unique geographical and climatological characteristics is a habitat of a great variety of medicinal plants. In this study, 560 endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from 26 medicinal plant species in Panxi plateau. 60 isolates were selected for 16S rDNA-RFLP analysis and 14 representative strains were chosen for 16S rDNA sequencing. According to the phylogenetic analysis, seven isolates were Streptomyces sp., while the remainder belonged to genera Micromonospora, Oerskovia, Nonomuraea, Promicromonospora and Rhodococcus. Antimicrobial activity analysis combined with the results of amplifying genes coding for polyketide synthetase (PKS-I, PKS-II) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) showed that endophytic actinomycetes isolated from medicinal plants in Panxi plateau had broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and potential natural product diversity, which further proved that endophytic actinomycetes are valuable reservoirs of novel bioactive compounds.

Chemical, organic and bio-fertilizer management practices effect on soil physicochemical property and antagonistic bacteria abundance of a cotton field: Implications for soil biological quality

Abstract: Cotton production in a long-term, consecutive, mono-cropping cotton field has greatly suffered from soil-borne diseases. In this study, a 4-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer (OF) or bio-fertilizer (BF) combined with a reduced chemical fertilizer (CF) on soil physicochemical properties, biological activities, antagonistic bacteria ( Bacillus, Trichoderma and Pseudomonas ) and pathogen( Fusarium and Verticillium dahliae ). Soil physicochemical and biological properties were significantly affected by different fertilization scenarios. Soil bulk density (BD) decreased by 4.69% more with 60% CF + BF treatment than with 60% CF + OF treatment. Compared with CF treatment, 60% CF + BF treatment significantly increased soil chemical properties of total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The resistant enzymatic activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) were improved by the bio-fertilizer addition. The abundances of Bacillus , Trichoderma and Pseudomonas followed the order of BF > OF > CF > control. The gene copy numbers of Fusarium and Verticillium dahliae were 3.18 and 2.25 cfu × 10 3 · (g · soil) −1 with CF treatment; these decreased by 47% and 32% with 80% CF + OF treatment, respectively, and they further decreased by 86% and 46% with 80% CF + BF treatment, respectively. Together, our results demonstrated that both OF and BF significantly strengthened the enzyme activities, and the antagonistic bacterial abundance but suppressed pathogens, BF was superior to OF in regulating soil microbial abundance, particularly at a high application rate, and highlighted that SOC and AP ( P