Accounting, Management and Information Technologies 

TL;DR: A framework for the analysis of organizations as knowledge systems (Holzner & Marx, 1979) composed of a collection of knowledge processes: constructing, organizing, storing, distributing, and applying is introduced.

TL;DR: The principal aim of this paper is to uncover the socio-technical complexity of establishing an information infrastructure, a complexity which so far has been severely underestimated by those involved.

TL;DR: A case study demonstrates how units of analysis and techniques from grounded theory can be integrated into the action research cycle in order to add rigor and reliability to the theory formulation process.

TL;DR: It is concluded that experience plays an important, yet indeterminate role in implementation success; learning is accomplished through both formal training and participation in practice; organizational knowledge barriers may be overcome by learning from other organizations; and that learning new technologies is a dynamic process characterized by relatively narrow windows of opportunity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the intellectual structures upon which the field of information systems development (ISD) is cultivated, and propose a framework which reconceptualizes the field in terms of domains, orientations, object systems, and development strategies.