Showing papers in "American Journal of Orthopsychiatry in 1964"
TL;DR: A wide range of enduring symptoms and distortions of character structure stemming from sibling death reactions are reviewed and determinants of the nature of siblingDeath reactions are noted.
Abstract: Children's disturbed reactions to the death of a sibling are reported. A wide range of enduring symptoms and distortions of character structure stemming from sibling death reactions are reviewed and determinants of the nature of sibling death reactions are noted.
174 citations
TL;DR: Twenty-four children with specific reading disability, originally studied and treated at the Bellevue Hospital Mental Hygiene Clinic between 1949 and 1951, were reexamined as young adults between 1961 and 1962 with the battery of tests given to them ten to 12 years before.
Abstract: Twenty-four children with specific reading disability, originally studied and treated at the Bellevue Hospital Mental Hygiene Clinic between 1949 and 1951, were reexamined as young adults between 1961 and 1962 with the battery of tests given to them ten to 12 years before. Their specific perceptual problems and evidence of lack of clear- out cerebral dominance persists, although in less severe form. Those patients who as children had neurological signs in addition to the specific reading disability showed less improvement than those who had none.
167 citations
TL;DR: Mental health, always a public health problem, is finally adopting public health strategies, with strong support from some quarters and resistance from others.
Abstract: There have been three mental health revolutions. Pinel led the first, bringing humane concern for the mentally ill; Freud led the second, bringing passionate attention to the intrapsychic life of man. The third revolution, now in the making, is appropriately a corporate effort without an eponym as yet. Mental health, always a public health problem, is finally adopting public health strategies, with strong support from some quarters and resistance from others.
129 citations
TL;DR: Systematic analysis of the behavior of a nonpsychiatric sample of children discloses the differential risk of deviation from prevailing patterns in subgroups divided according to sex, age, race, social class and family size.
Abstract: Systematic analysis of the behavior of a nonpsychiatric sample of children discloses the differential risk of deviation from prevailing patterns in subgroups divided according to sex, age, race, social class and family size. The data are based on answers to a structured interview with mothers.
123 citations
TL;DR: Kentucky residents who were treated for narcotic addiction at the U. S. Public Health Service Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, between May, 1935 and December, 1959, were followed to determine what happened to them after discharge.
Abstract: Kentucky residents who were treated for narcotic addiction at the U. S. Public Health Service Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, between May, 1935 and December, 1959, were followed to determine what happened to them after discharge. Sample size was 266. More than half had died. Of living subjects, more than half were abstinent from narcotics when located.
78 citations
TL;DR: Forty-nine school-phobic children were re-evaluated five to ten years after the original contact, making assessments of school attendance and adjustment, subsequent development, adolescent attitudes toward family, heterosexuality and independence.
Abstract: Forty-nine school-phobic children were re-evaluated five to ten years after the original contact. Assessments were made of school attendance and adjustment, subsequent development, adolescent attitudes toward family, heterosexuality and independence. Only two have not returned to school. The children are divided into three groupings: those with no limitations, those moderately limited and those severely limited, in their subsequent development.
73 citations
TL;DR: Evidence cited from therapy experience and descriptive findings of other investigators favors a relatively simple, parsimonious interpretation of school phobia, where children overvalue themselves and their achievements, and try to maintain their unrealistic self-image.
Abstract: Evidence cited from therapy experience and descriptive findings of other investigators favors a relatively simple, parsimonious interpretation of school phobia. These children overvalue themselves and their achievements, and try to maintain their unrealistic self-image. When their “power” is threatened in the school situation, they suffer anxiety, avoid the threat and try to maintain their narcissistic self-fictions. A permissive mother frequently serves as refuge.
60 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that, although there is a heavy concentration of schizophrenics in the lowest social class, there are no significant differences in its incidence among the other four classes.
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between the incidence of schizophrenia and social class in two culturally contrasting subcommunities in Detroit. The study focused on (1) whether the incidence rates of schizophrenia vary inversely with the class structure and (2) the relationship of incidence to vertical mobility. Results indicate that, although there is a heavy concentration of schizophrenics in the lowest social class, there are no significant differences in its incidence among the other four classes.
60 citations
TL;DR: This report describes rates of outpatient psychiatric clinic usage for various demographic groups in the United States by age, including single years for children, sex, color and marital status.
Abstract: This report describes rates of outpatient psychiatric clinic usage for various demographic groups in the United States by age, including single years for children, sex, color and marital status. Major and detailed psychiatric diagnoses are also investigated. These data come from the national reporting program on outpatient psychiatric clinics and the 1960 census information. Differences by geographic region are also described.
57 citations
TL;DR: One unit practiced a self-governing group therapy regime, the other a firm, paternalistic and sympathetic approach, and the former did slightly but significantly worse than the latter on the basis of follow-up indexes of reconviction, readmission and clinical well-being.
Abstract: Within Balderton Hospital, two units treating psychopathic adolescents admitted alternately a consecutive series of 50 convicted youths. One unit practiced a self-governing group therapy regime, the other a firm, paternalistic and sympathetic approach. On the basis of follow-up indexes of reconviction, readmission and clinical well-being, the former did slightly but significantly worse than the latter.
53 citations
TL;DR: Two areas of parental attitudes relevant to geographical mobility were found to distinguish the parents of disturbed military children from theParents of normals and the actual incidence of geographical relocation in the children's histories did not appear related to the criteria of emotional disturbance.
Abstract: Two areas of parental attitudes relevant to geographical mobility were found to distinguish the parents of disturbed military children from the parents of normals. The actual incidence of geographical relocation in the childrens' histories, however, did not appear related to the criteria of emotional disturbance.
TL;DR: In describing the inpatient treatment of 16 preadolescent and adolescent school-phobic children, the older, more chronically ill child resistant to previous outpatient psychotherapeutic attempts is the focus of this study.
Abstract: In describing the inpatient treatment of 16 preadolescent and adolescent school-phobic children, the older, more chronically ill child resistant to previous outpatient psychotherapeutic attempts is the focus of this study. Two distinct subgroups differing in individual psychodynamics are delineated. Clinical observations of the child's experience in the residential setting are presented. Those individual ingredients of the residential setting that brought about therapeutic gain for these children are isolated and analyzed.
TL;DR: The findings supported all the specific hypotheses of the study at reasonable levels of significance, as well as the general hypothesis that the actual adjustment of the family is in part a function of theFamily-Concept Q Sort and the family concepts of the parents.
Abstract: The family concepts of two groups of ten families each, of higher and lower adjustment, were compared by means of the Family-Concept Q Sort and several other measures. The findings supported all the specific hypotheses of the study at reasonable levels of significance, as well as the general hypothesis that the actual adjustment of the family is in part a function of the family concepts of the parents.
TL;DR: A study of ten children who had long recovered from severe burn, and of their mothers, revealed the existence of lasting emotional maladjustments in both children and mothers, related at least in part to the trauma of the burn.
Abstract: A study of ten children who had long recovered from severe burn, and of their mothers, revealed the existence of lasting emotional maladjustments in both children and mothers, related at least in part to the trauma of the burn. Implications for preventive measures and for future research are discussed.
TL;DR: Running away and its associated behavior is one of the few ways in which an adolescent girl may act out of the unresolved Oedipal conflict through running away and represents an attempted solution in a treatment-oriented Court Clinic.
Abstract: Running away and its associated behavior is one of the few ways in which an adolescent girl may act out. In a treatment-oriented Court Clinic, a study was made of runaway girls from an essentially middle-class area. The suggested dynamics revolved around family interaction, in which there was a threatened unconscious incestuous relationship with the father incited by the mother. Subsequent acting out of the unresolved Oedipal conflict through running away represents an attempted solution.
TL;DR: This initial report focuses on the socializing function of parental control, guidance and nurturance, and the hitherto unexplored importance of the sibling subsystem.
Abstract: There are hundreds of children who present a combination of childish dependency and negativistic bravado. They are full of resourcefulness and cunning about how to get along in the streets, yet they are hopelessly ignorant and illiterate after six grades of public school. They demand constant gratification but do not admit being gratified. This chapter is confined to two areas, namely, what the authors have observed about how the families function, and the adaptations of therapeutic technique they have devised for clinical work with them. The author's first job was to design an approach that would tap the operations of the subgroups in the family and help in understanding their separate dynamics and create conditions within which the critical split between parents and siblings could be mended by bringing the sibling operation into the sphere of parental awareness. The ultimate goal was the re-establishment of the parental control and guidance children need for their growth.
TL;DR: Correlations were determined between scores from Bower measures and intelligence, achievement and adjustment measures and many criterion indexes with some sex differences in the pattern of these relationships.
Abstract: Two instruments developed by Bower for early identification of emotional disturbance in schools were administered to 178 third-graders. Correlations were determined between scores from Bower measures and intelligence, achievement and adjustment measures. Significant relationships were found between several Bower scores and many criterion indexes with some sex differences in the pattern of these relationships.
TL;DR: WAIS IQ estimates and single subtest scores were used to differentiate controls from brain-damaged patients and a discriminant function analysis provided weights for three subtests to be applied in future investigations.
Abstract: WAIS IQ estimates and single subtest scores were used to differentiate controls from brain-damaged patients. Optimal cutting scores were obtained using ages and educational classifications. Certain subtests discriminated as effectively as did the IQ scores. A discriminant function analysis provided weights for three subtests to be applied in future investigations.
TL;DR: Results indicate low agreement among judges on the manifest behavior of children, particularly in disturbed children, and implications are discussed.
Abstract: Thirty-six children ranging in degree of disturbance were observed and Q-sorted by their teachers, mothers, fathers, a psychologist from a family group interview and a psychiatrist from a play session Results indicate low agreement among judges on the manifest behavior of children, particularly in disturbed children Implications are discussed
TL;DR: From data collected among Negro and white students in both segregated and interracial high schools, the following was observed: Socioeconomic status, race and certain dependent variables were related.
Abstract: From data collected among Negro and white students in both segregated and interracial high schools, the following was observed: Socioeconomic status, race and certain dependent variables were related. Lower class background meant a lower level of parental education, higher incidence of family disorganization and residential mobility, and a greater number of peers. Occupational and educational aspirations, which related significantly to perceptions of teachers and goal orientation, also depended on race and socioeconomic status.
TL;DR: The central focus is concentrated on effects of group therapy on family solidarity and intrafamily relationships and the special features in the doctor-patient relationship.
Abstract: Ethical issues in group therapy with family members are reviewed. The central focus is concentrated on (1) effects of this form of therapy on family solidarity and intrafamily relationships and (2) the special features in the doctor-patient relationship. The paper also touches on relevant counter-transference factors masked by some ethical objections.
TL;DR: Information about family members' percepts of each other, social roles assigned to and assumed by family members and facets of interpersonal and intrapersonal disturbance illustrate clinical use of two tools designed to study family interaction.
Abstract: Two tools designed to study family interaction are discussed in their diagnostic application Information about family members' percepts of each other, social roles assigned to and assumed by family members and facets of interpersonal and intrapersonal disturbance illustrate clinical use of these techniques
TL;DR: This paper reports on the findings of a three-year study to evaluate the results of special treatment services to an experimental group of disturbed children in foster care as compared to a control group of children who received traditional services of a public welfare agency.
Abstract: This paper reports on the findings of a three-year study to evaluate the results of special treatment services to an experimental group of disturbed children in foster care as compared to a control group of children who received traditional services of a public welfare agency.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that idiosyncratic distributions might be found in certain specific disorders of ego functioning was tested and some support was found for this, as well as for some contemporary psychological and psychoanalytical interpretations of phenomena seen in childhood psychosis.
Abstract: The frequency of use of various grammatical units in the spontaneous conversational speech of adults and children has been noted by many authors to be fairly stable. The hypothesis that idiosyncratic distributions might be found in certain specific disorders of ego functioning was tested in relationship to childhood psychosis. Some support was found for this, as well as for some contemporary psychological and psychoanalytical interpretations of phenomena seen in childhood psychosis.
TL;DR: Maggie Jackson's new book is a thoughtful new book about the Erosion of Attention and the Coming Dark Age, about the constant interruptions of working in the digital age and the efforts to find quiet places to think.
Abstract: The subject of focus comes up a lot on this blog and in my discussions with people about work. We talk about the constant interruptions of working in the digital age, of the mistakes we make while multitasking, and the efforts to find quiet places to think. Maggie Jackson has been paying attention to these questions for quite some time, and the result is a thoughtful new book, “Distracted: The Erosion of Attention and the Coming Dark Age.”
TL;DR: Intensive long-term evaluation and individualized treatment of deviant blind children was introduced at an outpatient psychiatric clinic, which included child therapy, environmental manipulation, parent treatment and eventual placement in special classes.
Abstract: Intensive long-term evaluation and individualized treatment of deviant blind children was introduced at an outpatient psychiatric clinic. The approach included child therapy, environmental manipulation, parent treatment and eventual placement in special classes. Results regarding the therapeutic relationship, impact upon the family and the ego growth observed in these children are discussed.