Addiction Research Center

About: Addiction Research Center is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Poison control & Dopamine. The organization has 628 authors who have published 697 publications receiving 27280 citations.

Tolerance to and physical dependence on morphine in rats.

Abstract: The effects of large doses of morphine in nontolerant and tolerant rats as well as the effects of abruptly withdrawing morphine in rats experimentally addicted to large doses of morphine have been studied on body weight, temperature, metabolic rate, respiratory rate, water consumption and various forms of motor activity and behavior. In confirmation of many early reports, tolerance develops to certain depressant actions of large doses of morphine and the effects of morphine in the tolerant rat are primarily excitatory, consisting of an increase in body temperature, metabolic rate and motor activity. The abstinence syndrome of rats addicted to large doses of morphine seems to have two phases: (1) An early phase, which has been called “primary abstinence” consists of weight loss, an increased number of “wet dog” shakes, increased activity, and a fall in body temperature and metabolic rate. The primary abstinence syndrome becomes clearly manifest within 8 to 16 hours following the last dose of morphine and persists for approximately 72 hours. (2) The secondary abstinence syndrome emerges thereafter and consists of a rapid gain in body weight, elevated body temperature and metabolic rate and an increase in water consumption. The secondary abstinence syndrome is protracted and small differences have been seen between addicted and control animals as long as four to six months after withdrawal of morphine.

Effects of (--)delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol in man.

Abstract: I t has long been thought tha t tetrahydrocannabinols are responsible for most of the psychological effects of hashish and marihuana (LOEW~, 1944 and 1950). WOLL~]~R, MATC]~:ETT and Lo~wF. (1942) isolated a physiologically active fraction by distillation but the exact structure of this material could not be established. Advances in the chemistry of the tetrahydrocannabinols have now estabhshed tha t (--)-Ag-trans-tetrahydroeannabinol 1 (GAo~I M]~CHOULA~, 1964) and l d strans-tetrahydrocannabinol 2 (HIvELY, et al., 1966) occur in hashish. I t is the purpose of this communication to report tha t (--)-A 9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (hereafter termed Ag-TI-IC) which was free of the d-8 isomer has marihuana-like act ivi ty in man. Although tetrahydrocannabinols have been tested in humans in the past, so far as the authors know, this is the first demonstrat ion of hashish-like act ivi ty of a tetrahydrocannabinol of known chemical structure in man. In addition, we wish to report tha t the relative potencies of tetrahydrocannabinols can be assayed quanti tat ively in man and tha t Ag-THC is more potent when smoked than when taken orally. A~-THC was isolated from hashish b y eountercurrent distribution as previously described (KolcT~, HAAG and CLAUSS~I% 1965). I t s structure and puri ty was proved by chemical measurements and by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Ag-THC (and other materials) was then studied in man at the Addiction Research Center. Subjects were heal thy former opiate addicts who were serving sentences for violations of the United States Narcotic Laws. All had been abstinent from all drugs for months before serving