Showing papers in "Biological Psychiatry in 1981"

TL;DR: Data suggest that pharmacological disruption of LI may provide an animal analogue of the defective stimulus filtering thought to characterize at least some forms of schizophrenia.

TL;DR: THA, a centrally acting anticholinesterase was given intravenously in varying doses to 12 unselected cases of Alzheimer-like senile dementia and significant improvement in memory testing occurred in 6 of 12 subjects; 9 of 12 improved in clinical staging.

TL;DR: It now appears that a number of other psychopharmacologic agents, including minor tranquilizers other than the Benzodiazepines as well as several convulsants and anticonvulsants, may exert their pharmacologic effects by affecting one or more regulatory sites on the benzodiazepine receptor complex.

TL;DR: There are strong indications that 5- HTP is of therapeutic value, particularly in the 5-HT-deficient subgroup of vital depressions, and the results of tryptophan studies are less unequivocal, possibly due to pharmacokinetic factors.

TL;DR: Advanced age did not appear to affect the overnight dexamethasone suppression in healthy humans and should not invalidate the use of dexamETHASone suppression test as a laboratory tool in the diagnosis and investigation of depression.

TL;DR: Data are presented that Li, too, markedly reduces activity of beta-adrenergic adenylate cyclase in humans, and the effect is specific, since the plasma cyclic AMP response to glucagon is not inhibited.

TL;DR: Antibrain antibody titers were determined by hemagglutination technique in sera and cerebrospinal fluid of 54 schizophrenic patients and 27 nonschizophrenic controls and had no significant relationship with the subtype and the duration of schizophrenia.

TL;DR: This preliminary study finds that the existence of therapeutically cross-reacting homologous catalyst and substrate deficiency forms of pellagra are postulated, the first contributing to the B vitamin deficiency epidemics of 50-100 years ago, the second to the more recent endemic "Diseases of Western Civilization" which express in certain genetic subgroups as the major mental illnesses of today.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the hypothesis of impaired callosal function has not been adequately tested because of methodological problems, the most serious of which is the failure to show differential deficit.

TL;DR: Serial DSTs throughout treatment could provide useful information on whether they biologically monitor clinical response, when DST normalization does occur, and whether early normalization predicts clinical outcome.

TL;DR: It is shown that patients track more poorly than normals at all frequencies with either a real pendulum or an electronically driven target.

TL;DR: The antiphobic effect of phenelzine was not supported, although it seemed to reduce subjective anxiety during exposure experiences, and the possibility that effect of PhenelZine is dose-related is discussed.

TL;DR: It is argued, in view of the familial associations, that hysteria in the female is a syndrome equivalent to psychopathy in the male and might represent in theFemale a (relatively benign) variant of schizophrenia characterized by imprecise verbal communications, a subtle form of affective incongruity, together with the conversion parameter.

TL;DR: 15 cases are examined that meet specified criteria for B12-responsive psychosis and in the accepted cases the most common psychiatric symptoms were organic brain syndrome, paranoia, violence, and depression.

TL;DR: It is found that on tests of dominant hemisphere function schizophrenics performed significantly worse than patients with affective disorder but were no different from patients with CBD, and discriminant function analysis of the test scores applied to a jackknifed classification matrix predicted research diagnosis.

TL;DR: REM latency was examined in 22 hospitalized depressed patients who were studied nightly during a 5-week protocol were bimodally distributed medication during that period; REM latencies were bIModally distribution with peaks occurring shortly after sleep onset and again 30-40 min later.

TL;DR: Speech pause time-the silent interval between phonations during automatic speech-is elongated during depressive episodes among endogenous depressives and appears to be a useful, objective technique for identifying and monitoring psychomotor deceleration among depressives

TL;DR: Treatment for depression secondary to cancer should begin with careful assessment leading to identification of specific mechanisms and may include antidepressant drugs, psychotherapy, and a variety of adjunctive techniques.

TL;DR: Various drugs that alter central monoamine activity were given to monkeys to determine effects on blink rate and the neurochemical basis of blinking and implications for tardive dyskinesia are discussed.

TL;DR: The results indicate that all abnormal activities seemed to be symptoms of one social deprivation syndrome, because all activities could tentatively be interpreted as more or less idiosyncratically distorted, often self-directed forms of normally social behavior.

TL;DR: The results indicate that exogenous estrogens may modulate the number of dopamine receptors in the central nervous system and, as such, may decreasse the incidence and/or relieve the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia.

TL;DR: It is concluded that allergens may contribute to psychopathology in some individuals.

TL;DR: These drugs should be reserved for patients suffering from defined clinical anxiety syndromes and not used indiscriminately in patients with normal stress responses, as evidence has accumulated that patients on normal doses for prolonged periods can commonly experience withdrawal symptoms.

TL;DR: Compared to unanesthetized control animals, methohexital anesthesia shortened seizure duration by 42%, ketamine anesthesia tended to increase seizure duration, and Innovar anesthesia had no effect on duration of seizures.

TL;DR: Striking differences in wave form, amplitudes, and timing of peaks during the year suggest that the endogenous rhythm undergoes seasonal variations.

TL;DR: An unexpected finding from the placebo session data was that, despite increased forehead muscle tension and high self-ratings of distress, chronically anxious subjects showed consistently stable sympathetic activity under resting conditions and mild stress, indicating the existence of a subgroup of generalized anxiety patients with low autonomic reactivity.

TL;DR: There was no statistically significant impairment of performance in attention tests between the patients with prefrontal psychosurgery and the normal control subjects, and Lesion chronicity, interaction of leucotomy and presurgical psychiatric state, and conditions of test administration are suggested.