Showing papers in "Chemical Engineering & Technology in 2023"

Impact of curved blade impellers on gas hold‐up and liquid homogenization dynamics in stirred tanks

Abstract: Design and optimization of aerobic fermentation processes in stirred tanks must factor in specific features, such as the formation of gas cavities on the rear of impeller blades and the need for high power input. Here, the ability of a curved-blade impeller to reduce these drawbacks, which are typical of flat-blade impellers, is investigated. The analysis is based on gas holdup distributions and liquid homogenization dynamics collected by electrical resistance tomography in a pilot-scale stirred tank of geometry similar to typical industrial aerated fermenters. A wide range of gas flow rates and impeller speeds in single-impeller and multiple-impeller configurations are considered and the differences arising when a Rushton turbine is replaced with a Bakker turbine are discussed.

Locally resolved simulation of gas mixing and combustion inside static and moving particle assemblies

Abstract: Resolving the flow field within the voids between particles of reacting granular assemblies is essential to obtain correct conversion rates. Due to the associated computational cost, a high spatial resolution cannot be employed on the device-scale. A combination of a locally resolving and an averaging method is suggested. Namely, the so-called blocked-off method is used to resolve the voids between particles within prescribed regions, while the volume-averaged method is applied in the remaining domain. For a nitrogen jet injected into a regular simple cubic packing of spherical particles passed by a cross-flow of air, the jet dispersion is too low when applying the volume-averaged method for the whole computational domain. The same is also observed in a reacting methane jet flowing into a bed of arbitrarily packed particles with air cross-flow, where the locally resolved approach predicts significantly larger local reaction rates.

Improving the Selectivity to LPG by Combining Fischer‐Tropsch Synthesis with Zeolite Cracking

Abstract: The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is a heterogeneously catalyzed surface polymerization reaction with a wide spectrum of hydrocarbons as products, following the Anderson-Schulz-Flory distribution. Subsequent cracking of the unwanted long-chain products can increase the desired product fraction of shorter hydrocarbons (HCs). In this work, a Co/Mn-catalyzed FTS with additional cracking by a Pt/H-ZSM-5 zeolite was investigated to increase the selectivity of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). At lower zeolite temperatures, no cracking but isomerization and the conversion of alcohols took place. Raising the temperature of the cracking process resulted in cracking of long-chain HCs and increased the total LPG selectivity. Additional experiments by cracking of n-hexadecane as model substance were conducted.

Visible‐Light‐Driven N‐F‐codoped TiO 2 for Photocatalysts as Potential Application to Wastewater Treatment

Abstract: N–F-codoped TiO2 materials were successfully fabricated by a hydrothermal method without any capping agent and further heat treatment. The results indicate interstitial N3− ion doping and the surface-adsorbed F− ion on the TiO2 surface. By introducing N and F into the TiO2 lattice, the band gap of the obtained material is significantly reduced compared to the undoped TiO2. Moreover, the light absorption ability of the material was demonstrated to extend to visible light regions, contributing to the better photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the sample with the NH4F/TiCl4 precursor molar ratio of 2:1 displayed the greatest photocatalytic activity with visible radiation. This study provides a new pathway to synthesize a novel photocatalyst having great potential for future applications.

Effect of the discharging flap on particle separation in a cyclone

Abstract: The flow field, pressure drop, and separation efficiency of an industrial cyclone separator were computationally investigated using the Reynolds stress model simulations. The effects of the flapper valve on the static pressure drop, cut size, and slope of the grade efficiency curve were revealed. For that, the cyclone was simulated in three operation regimes, when the flapper valve is open, closed, and without the flapper valve. The results showed that a flapper valve increases the cyclone cut size by 3.4 % when it is in the position “closed” and by 11.4 % when it is in the position “open”. The slope of the grade efficiency curve increases when a valve is switched to the position “open” but the static pressure drop increases by 4.8 % when a flapper valve is in the position “closed”.

Spatially Resolved Tomographic Assessment of Axial Mixing in Structured and Random Packings

Abstract: The liquid axial dispersion inside modern structured packings (Sulzer Mellapak™ 500.Y, Raschig Super-Pak 350Y) and one random packing of the 4th generation (Raschig Super-Ring 0.3) was measured by means of computed tomography. As the gas velocity is known to have little effect on the liquid axial dispersion at low hydraulic load, all experiments were conducted without countercurrent gas flow at liquid loads of B = 10, 15, and 20 m3m−2h−1 in a column with an inner diameter of 100 mm. Injection of the X-ray-active tracer potassium iodide allows the identification of active and passive liquid accumulations inside the structured packing. Good agreement was found between the active liquid holdup from tomographic images and the total holdup calculated from the mean residence time for the structured packings.

Polyethylenimine‐grafted Silica Nanoparticles Facilitated Enzymatic Carbon Dioxide Conversion

Abstract: Polyethylenimine (PEI)-grafted silica nanoparticles were fabricated and characterized for the electrostatic immobilization of a CO2 conversion enzyme. PEI was supposed to serve as a carbonic anhydrase mimic for CO2 capture and conversion to HCO3− (the optimal substrate of many CO2 conversion enzymes) and was proved to assist phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase to form a dual-enzyme cascade system for CO2 conversion. The immobilized enzyme not only presented better thermostability, pH tolerance, and storage stability, but also enhanced the specific activity (three- and fourfold for HCO3− and CO2 as the substrates, respectively), with good reusability and low cost. It was proven that PEI-grafted nanoparticles are highly efficient nanocarriers for immobilizing CO2-converting enzymes in industrial applications.

Preparation, characterization and experimental investigation of the separation performance of a novel CaO‐based CO 2 sorbent for direct air capture

Abstract: The capture of CO2 from air via direct air capture (DAC) is a promising way to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The carbonation of calcium-based adsorbents using ambient conditions is particularly interesting for DAC due to its high theoretical CO2 uptake capacity and its low cost. In this paper, a new preparation method of synthetic calcium oxide-based pellets for a DAC process was investigated. Their CO2 capture performance was studied experimentally in a fixed-bed column and characterization was performed via Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, mercury porosimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Higher heating rates during the precursor calcination process and higher relative humidities during the carbonation process were found to lead to higher CO2 capture efficiencies. All prepared pellets showed good mechanical stability.

Templated crystallization of glycine homopeptides: experimental and computational developments

Abstract: The usage of glass beads as heterogeneous additives for the crystallization of glycine homopeptides is investigated, whereby glass beads are shown experimentally to increase the rate of crystallization. Induction time analysis indicates that the presence of glass beads acts enhances the kinetic factor for nucleation. These results are compared to those previously obtained by the authors for glycine and diglycine, and it is demonstrated that the increase in nucleation rate is proportional to the peptide chain length. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm that larger molecules exhibit faster nucleation in the presence of glass beads due to an increased number of interactions as observed with the longest hydrogen bond lifetime for triglycine, followed by diglycine and glycine.

<i>Withdrawn:</i> Demand dynamics for hydrocarbon fuels during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Abstract: Withdrawal: The withdrawal has been agreed following concerns regarding manipulation of the peer review and publishing process. Concerns were originally raised by third parties [1, 2]. Further investigation by the publisher has found manipulation of the peer review process. The withdrawal has been agreed because the peer review of the article was compromised. [1] B. E. Perron, O. T. Hiltz-Perron, B. G. Victor, Revealed the inner workings of a papermill, 2021. https://retractionwatch.com/2021/12/20/revealed-the-inner-workings-of-a-paper-mill/ [2] A. Abalkina, Publication and collaboration anomalies in academic papers originating from a paper mill: evidence from a Russia-based paper mill, 2022. https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.13322 The above article, published online as accepted article, prior to the version of record, on June 07, 2021 in Wiley Online Library (http://wileyonlinelibrary.com) has been withdrawn by agreement between the journal's Editor in Chief and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

A brief overview on the simulation of reacting, moving granular assemblies of thermally thick particles by DEM/CFD

Abstract: The potential and limitations of the discrete element method (DEM) coupled with computational fluid mechanics (CFD) to simulate chemically reacting, moving granular material interacting with a fluid flow are summarized. A special focus is set on thermally thick particles, which requires to resolve the intraparticle transport and reaction processes. The aspect of complex particle shape is addressed, as shape may dominate the particle behavior in densely packed granular assemblies even more than the details of contact force laws. The fluid flow in the granular assembly is assumed to be a gas. The potential of DEM/CFD will be highlighted presenting three illustrative examples: a large-scale lime shaft kiln with intermittent operation, an industrial-size grate firing system for the incineration of municipal waste, and a small-scale straw pellet stove.

Photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity of sulfur functionalized TiO 2 containing composite films

Abstract: Facile sulfation of TiO2 semiconductor photocatalyst was achieved by a simple grinding and calcination method using elemental sulfur from desulfurization of petroleum. The successful sulfation of the prepared visible-light-active photocatalyst was also proved by infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurements. Photocatalytic tests revealed that the most efficient member of the series has higher photocatalytic activity than TiO2 in the photodegradation of formic acid under both UV and visible-light activation. Moreover, the improved electrokinetic and water dispersibility behaviors of the sulfur-modified photocatalyst allowed the preparation of polyacrylate-based photoreactive thin films with increased photocatalytic activity, strong antimicrobial properties, and improved mechanical behavior.

Data Glove with Integrated Polyethylene‐Carbon Composite‐based Strain Sensor for Virtual Reality Applications

Abstract: A data glove enables fine motion control in virtual reality (VR). This work presents a cost-effective data glove made of a commercial nylon-based glove with integrated polyethylene-carbon composites (Velostat). The resistance of the Velostat varies when a finger is bent. This piezoresistive behavior was explored by designing the Velostat as the strain sensor. The strain sensor was characterized for its flexure sensing by connecting it to a data acquisition circuit. The circuit is designed to process the output of the joint angles and feed it to the computer. A linear resistance output was measured with a sensitivity/gauge factor of 1.45 % per degree with a response time of 0.0158 seconds when the strain sensor bends from 0° to 30°. To control the 3D virtual hand's movement, the data glove was coupled with two inertial measurement unit sensors at the forearm and upper arm to identify its coordinates. The fabricated data glove successfully performs a proof-of-concept by picking-and-placing multiple objects in a VR environment.

Compartmental modelling of biofouling in industrial cooling circuits

Abstract: Industrial cooling circuits with wet cooling towers use raw water to remove residual heat from industrial processes. These circuits are very prone to fouling and particularly biofouling. This work proposes a compartmental model built from a full hydrodynamic characterization (using computational fluid dynamics and experimental, local, and system data) of an industrial cooling circuit and implemented with a biofilm growth model which considers kinetic (temperature, concentrations) as well as hydrodynamic (internal and external transfer) limitations. It can therefore predict the biofouling growth per surface unit in the different part of the circuit, considering the various hydrodynamic conditions, while taking only a few minutes to simulate a full year considering season variation of temperature and water quality.

Converting fuel‐synthesis process water to aquaculture feed by purple non‐sulfur bacteria

Abstract: The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to recover aqua-feed bioproducts. Thus, this study examines the feasibility of recovering such bioproducts using fuel-synthesis process water (FSPW) as a feedstock. Experiments were performed under varying light conditions. The results revealed that PNSB cultured in the zero-nitrogen feedstock had over 40 % protein content, contained substantial lipids and pigments, and reduced FSPW organics by over 70 %. The light intensity significantly impacted biomass constituents and treatment efficiency. The results are promising for the potential development of a circular economy to convert FSPW to aqua-feed.

Enhancement of Wastewater Treatment Using Mist and Photocatalyst

Abstract: Advanced oxidation processes are attractive methods for treating wastewater containing refractory organic substances. Hybrid reactors utilizing mist generated by ultrasound and photocatalysts have been proposed to enhance pollutant removal. However, the functions of ultraviolet, ultrasound, mist, and photocatalyst in the hybrid reactor have not been clarified. The aim of this study is to investigate these functions by comparing the pollutant removal performance under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the application of ultraviolet, ultrasound, and photocatalyst is necessary to utilize mist as a reaction field. A synergistic effect of the simultaneous application was observed in the hybrid reactor.

Sustainable Carrageenan/Nanocomposite Films Incorporated with Optimized <i>Zingiber officinale</i> Extracts for Active Packaging Systems

Abstract: Optimized Bentong ginger (BG) extract using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) was incorporated in hybrid carrageenan/nanocomposite biopolymers for active packaging films. The design of experiments based on central composite design was applied for the study of the operating parameters (amplitude, sonication time, and solvent concentration) of UAE in the recovery of phenolic compounds from BG. Optimized extracts were analyzed for the content of 6-gingerols in liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and formulated in carrageenan/nanocellulose hybrid films for active packaging applications. The mechanical properties of the films and release behavior of antioxidant compounds into food simulants were investigated. The optimized UAE BG extract was found efficacious as an antioxidant agent in active packaging.

Efficient Demulsification of Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions Using Bio‐based Amphiphilic Esters

Abstract: This study deals with abietic acid (AA) as a natural compound to synthesize two amphiphilic esters. AA was reacted with tetraethylene glycol (TG) or polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) to obtain amphiphilic esters, AA-TG, and AA-PG, respectively. AA-TG and AA-PG were characterized using different techniques. In addition, the efficacy of these esters in demulsifying water-in-heavy crude oil emulsions was evaluated using several parameters. The demulsification efficacy (DE) of AA-TG and AA-PG reached 100% in different cases. The results showed that DE increased as the demulsifier concentration and temperature increased, and the seawater ratio decreased. Furthermore, AA-TG and AA-PG achieved higher DE and shorter demulsification time than the commercial demulsifier.

Investigation of key parameters on nanofluid thermal performance in heat exchangers: A review on recent research

Abstract: Nanofluids are utilized in cooling equipment such as heat exchangers and renewable energies such as solar cells as heat transfer fluid. The techniques for nanofluid stability enhancement and stability evaluations, such as zeta potential, electron microscopy, and photographic techniques for sedimentation, are reviewed as well as some recent achievements in nanofluid stabilization and research on the parameters affecting the thermal properties of nanofluids. Finally, the applications of nanofluids in cooling devices are described. Increased heat transfer, reduced heat transfer time and size of heat exchangers, and finally higher energy and heat efficiency could be the most significant achievements. The parameters affecting the thermal conductivity of nanofluids include concentration, temperature, particle fluid, type of base fluid, and nanoparticles.

Synthesis and absorptive application of gum ghatti grafted polyacrylic loaded oxidized MWCNT hydrogel for the removal of diclofenac

Abstract: Water pollution causes health- and environment-related problems. Adsorption of pollutants from the bulk is an efficient method for their removal. Modified biopolymers have proven to be effective adsorbents. The biopolymer gum ghatti (GG) has shown good adsorption properties. In this work, GG was grafted with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and loaded with oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (O-MWCNTs). The resulting GG-g-PAA/O-MWCNT hydrogel was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM and its adsorption activity was examined. Sodium diclofenac (SD) was efficiently removed by GG-g-PAA/O-MWCNT. The highest removal efficiency of 92.89 % was achieved at pH 2. The adsorption of SD followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and pseudo-second-order model.

Jet cleaning of filter cloth used in solid‐liquid separation – an high‐speed video evaluation

Abstract: Cleaning avoids cross-contamination and sustains production safety and efficiency. While there have been discoveries for technical surfaces, data on activities for filter cloth are still in the early stages. In the food industry, there is a lack of knowledge and innovative ideas on how to clean cloths efficiently. This study combined high-speed recordings with cleaning experiments. Cleaning of eleven filters was captured, enabling time-resolved analysis of the cleaning degree, the cleaning homogeneity, and insights into the mechanisms. The findings divide cloth cleaning into three phases, each significantly influenced by the properties of the cloth. Exemplarily, close-mesh cloths have smoother surfaces that facilitate cleaning. Coarse structures with flow channels on the cloth surface can complicate cleaning.

Effect of Intermediate Radical on NOx and De‐NOx Characteristics of NH 3 /H 2 /Air Flames at High Pressure

Abstract: The effect of NH, NH2, and HNO on NOx and De-NOx chemistry of a NH3/H2/air mixture at a pressure of 20 bar is investigated. Results suggest that the increase in pressure reduces NOx emissions and increases HO2 radical production through the reaction H + O2(+M) → HO2(+M). In contrast with OH and O radicals, the HO2 radical is less reactive, which prevents NO formation. The fuel-bound NOx emissions mainly depend on the reactions NH + OH → NO + H, HNO(+M) → NO + H(+M), HNO + OH → NO + H2O, and HNO + O2 → NO + HO2, and thermal NOx depends on the reactions N + O2 → NO + N and N + OH → NO + H. At a pressure of 20 bar, the N2O is further converted to NO2 and N2 through the reaction N2O + NO → NO2 + N2. The abundance of HO2 radicals at high pressure also initiates the conversion of NO to NO2 via the reaction NO + HO2 → NO2 + H.

Modeling of Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B dye by TiO 2 Nanoparticles using ANN

Abstract: An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B by TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by the electrochemical method, under direct sunlight irradiation. The four inputs are: irradiation time, initial dye concentration, pH of the initial solution, and catalyst loading. The ANN model with 20 hidden neurons and with R2 of 0.999 shows minimum values of the performance metrics of 0.169, 2.020, 1.531, and 0.215 for the mean square error, the root mean square error, the mean absolute error, and the mean absolute percentage error, respectively. The optimized ANN configuration of 4-20-1 shows a good fit with the experimental data. The result shows that the sunlight irradiation time has the main impact on rhodamine B degradation at ∼55 %.

Effect of Mg/Al Oxides Supports on CaO Sorbents Prepared by Wet‐Mixing Synthesis for CO2 Capture

Abstract: Calcium looping is one of the effective methods for post-combustion CO2 capture. A key issue is choosing the appropriate supports to synthesize effective calcium-based sorbents. In this study, calcium looping sorbents incorporated with MgO, Ca3Al2O6, and MgAl2O4 supports were prepared by wet-mixing synthesis. Characterizations were made to determine the cyclic CO2 capture capacity, crystalline structure, porosity, and morphological changes of the sorbents over multiple cycles. The results showed that, at the mass ratio of CaO to support oxides of 7:3, the MgAl2O4 mixed support showed better CO2 capture performance than the MgO and Ca3Al2O6 supports. Moreover, the sorbent showed a porous and fluffy microstructure with a high specific surface area, making it a suitable candidate for cyclic CO2 capture.

DEM/CFD Simulation in Process Engineering

Abstract: Thermal and chemical treatment of bulk solids and particle systems is a basic unit operation in many industrial sectors. The purpose of the treatment can be either to achieve well-defined product properties or to use solids in gasification processes to produce syngas, synthetic fuels, or to recycle waste products. Typical examples are the calcination of minerals as dolomite or magnesite in the basic materials industry, the direct iron ore reduction with hydrogen in steel industry, coffee bean roasting in the food processing industry, or catalytic reactors and fluidized bed spray coating of tablets in the chemical and medical industries, respectively. Many of these processes are operated at high temperatures and are, therefore, energy-intensive and often associated with high CO2 emissions; a careful layout of the systems is needed. Furthermore, target properties of the solids must be achieved concerning reactivity, specific surface area, calcination or roasting degree, etc. To meet all these challenges and requirements, a detailed knowledge of the underlying physical and chemical processes is needed for predictive design. Fundamental studies are first necessary to understand the properties of particulate flows, e.g., regarding turbulence modulation, collisions between particles and/or with surfaces, and particle dispersion, before going toward practical applications. Typical systems are highly loaded with particles, often passed by a reactive gas flow, and are operated at high temperatures. Therefore, measurements are very challenging in such systems. Hence, appropriate simulation methods are needed to support system and reactor layout. Such a method combines the discrete element method (DEM) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). DEM/CFD allows to track individual particles and their interactions with other particles, surrounding walls, and the gas phase in-between the particles. Conversion of the particles including intra-particle processes can be described as well as size change or development of adhesive forces associated with the thermal treatment. The current focus issue of Chemical Engineering & Technology entitled “DEM/CFD Simulation in Process Engineering” gives a status on the description of particulate flows with a focus on reactive particle-gas systems using DEM/CFD and presents illustrative examples of its application. A review article on DEM/CFD for reacting systems sets the frame for the further contributions that concentrate on fundamental aspects, specific examples, and important methodological developments. Examples presented are shaft kilns (production of quicklime/production of spinel), waste incineration, combustion of wood pellets, and carbonate looping processes. Novel trends as the usage of machine learning in combination with DEM/CFD, the combination of resolved and unresolved DEM/CFD in one simulation domain, and new approaches regarding the immersed boundary method to describe particle-gas systems are presented. The contributions do not claim to cover all relevant aspects needed for DEM/CFD simulations of reactive particle-gas systems but can be seen as a first overview and starting point for interested readers. This focus issue and the corresponding workshop at the Conference on Modelling Fluid Flow in Budapest 2022 have been organized by the Collaborative Research Centre BULK-REACTION financed by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Project-ID 422037413 – TRR 287. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Viktor Scherer Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Energy Plant Technology Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dominique Thévenin Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, The Laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows Viktor Scherer Dominique Thévenin

In Situ Bioreduction of Hexavalent Chromium‐Contaminated Water Using a Microbial Culture Barrier

Abstract: Chromium (Cr) has been extensively used in many industrial applications. Inappropriate disposal of effluent has led to increased Cr concentrations in the environment. As a result, Cr(VI) has been classified under strict control measures by most national and international lists of highly toxic materials. Bioremediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated effluents appears to be a more economical and environment-friendly treatment method. This study investigates Cr(VI) removal in a bench-scale bioreactor using municipal dried sludge as a permeable bioreactive barrier. The 20-cm-thick permeable bioreactive barrier with 30 % sludge and 70 % sand was able to achieve 95 % Cr(VI) removal during 90 operational days, demonstrating the effectiveness of the biological permeable reactive barrier system in treating Cr(VI)-containing process effluent streams.

Hydrocracking of Model Substances on Pt/H‐ZSM‐5 under an Imitated Fischer‐Tropsch Product Gas Composition

Abstract: Combining Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) and subsequent cracking of unwanted long-chain primary FT products in a tandem process is a successful procedure to improve the selectivity towards liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). To simplify the process, both reactions are carried out consecutively without prior product separation after FTS. In this work, the gas composition after FTS is imitated and, thus, the influence of unreacted CO and the by-product water on the hydrocracking of n-hexadecane as model substance is investigated. Furthermore, the reaction of alcohols and LPG components on a bifunctional Pt/H-ZSM-5 zeolite was examined as they are typically found in FT products. The cracking is affected negatively by the presence of CO, which is why a product separation upstream of hydrocracking after FTS can be considered as useful.

Experimental investigation of flow uniformity in Bank type Earth air heat exchanger

Abstract: The airflow in earth-air heat exchangers with different types of flow was examined at various inlet velocities. The results show that there is a significant variation in the mass flow rate of air through the holes for both induced and forced flow. The mass flow rate ranges from 0.013 to 0.119 kg s−1 for forced flow and from 0.018 to 0.128 kg s−1 for induced flow at a velocity of 4.1 m s−1. In contrast, the variation in the mass flow rate through the pipes is significant only for forced flow and almost negligible for induced flow. The mass flow rate ranges from 0.029 to 0.054 kg s−1 for forced flow and from 0.043 to 0.045 kg s−1 for induced flow at the same velocity, indicating that induced flow may be a valuable method for optimizing the earth-air heat exchanger performance.

Effect of pollutant species on the performance of chelating membranes for wastewater treatment

Abstract: A chelating membrane was fabricated to simultaneously remove metal ions and proteins from simulated wastewater. For a mixture consisting of a single ion and protein, the chelating membrane exhibited overall good separation performance (except for Cd2+), with both ion removal and protein rejection surpassing 90 %. The removal of metal ions highly depends on the chelation of amidoxime groups with ions rather than the complexation of proteins with ions. An increase in the content of metal ions has a detrimental impact on the protein rejection efficiency owing to the damaging effect of heavy metals on the protein. Similarly, increasing the amount of protein adversely affects the removal of ions due to the weakened chelation of amidoxime groups with metal ions.

Overview Contents: Chemie Ingenieur Technik 3/2023

Abstract: Chemical Engineering & TechnologyVolume 46, Issue 3 p. 595-595 OverviewFree Access Overview Contents: Chemie Ingenieur Technik 3/2023 First published: 17 February 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.202370304AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume46, Issue3Special Issue: Hydrogen Liquefication/Microbe‐Assisted Biohydrogen Production and Bioenergy/Monitoring and Process Control of Anaerobic Digestion ProcessesMarch 2023Pages 595-595 RelatedInformation