Showing papers in "Contraception in 1987"

TL;DR: There was no important association between oral contraceptive use and other forms of arthritis and an unexpected finding was a strong association between referral to hospital for rheumatoid arthritis and cigarette smoking.

TL;DR: The results show that the Lng-IUD was ahighly effective contraceptive method which reduced menstrual bleeding and is a promising alternative for women desiring a highly effective method for long-term use.

TL;DR: Levonorgestrel was more androgenic than desogestrel, and P, norethindrone, norgestimate and MPA were essentially devoid of androgen activity, demonstrating clear differences in the potencies and activities of these progestogens and in their selectivity for target organs.

TL;DR: Preliminary data indicated that the effective antifertility dose in men is only 1/3 of the recommended dose for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis or skin diseases.

TL;DR: A review is focussed on 1) detection in urine and blood of substances alleged to be specifically produced by the embryo, 2) migration of gametes in the female genital tract, and 3) microscopic features of ova recovered from the genital tract.

TL;DR: Large, multicenter, randomized trials of IUDs conducted between 1970 and 1986 encompass more than 50,000 woman-years of experience in the two-year interval following device insertion demonstrate that IUD failure rates are strongly affected by the age of participants, notably by the proportion of women under age 25 admitted to the studies.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the principal mechanism by which NORPLANT implants prevent pregnancy is by interference of sperm migration through cervical mucus.

TL;DR: The most striking response in endometrium exposed to progesterone-releasing IUDs is the occurrence of dilated, thin-walled vesicles, associated with a thinning of the surface epithelium and a decidual reaction in the stroma.

TL;DR: IUDs releasing 20 mcg/day of levonorgestrel (LNg20) were in randomized trial together with the Copper T, model TCu 380Ag, in seven centers involving 2244 women, with a marked reduction in bleeding episodes and days among women using the LNg 20 device with concomitant removal of device.

TL;DR: The Norplant contraceptive system is seen to combine the highest acceptability as measured by its continuation rate with the highest long-term effectiveness among the available temporary contraceptive methods.

TL;DR: The most objective of these studies indicate a relative risk compared to women using no method (1.5-2.6) lower than previous estimates, but the Dalkon Shield appears associated with a higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease than the Lippes Loop, Saf-T-Coil, or copper devices.

TL;DR: Oral micronized progesterone appears suitable for hormonal replacement therapy in various areas, essentially postmenopause therapy, premenstrual syndrome, correction of irregular cycles and pregnancy maintenance.

TL;DR: In areas with high prevalence of STDs, use of IUDs among women in the high risk age group for PID seems to increase the risk of acquiring the disease but has no influence on the clinical course of the infection.

TL;DR: It is suggested, especially for women with low body iron stores, that there is an order of preference for IUDs to be used; this should be: firstly, the progestogen-releasing devices; secondly, the Copper-T and Copper-7 Iuds; thirdly the larger surface copper devices (Cu-T-220C, Multiload 250 and 375, Cu- t-380).

TL;DR: The plasma concentrations of 3-keto-desogestrel have been measured by radioimmunoassay in a crossover study in nine healthy female volunteers given oral desogestre and ethinyloestradiol and intravenous (i.v).

TL;DR: RU 486 is a promising agent for termination of early pregnancy and has shown promise in women with normal pregnancies whose gestational duration was less than 49 days from onset of last menses.

TL;DR: Changes in the endometrial fibrinolytic activity in IUD-users have been demonstrated to be related to the presence of irregular bleeding, and further studies on the factors influencing the fertilizing ability of the spermatozoa in the female genital tract, may yield important information for the improvement of intrauterine contraception.

TL;DR: It could be concluded that postponement of the withdrawal bleeding for twenty extra days was generally effective and the introduction of a seven-week cycle pill is not yet a promising alternative since the majority of the volunteers preferred the inconvenience of a monthly withdrawal bleeding.

TL;DR: A significant increase in levels of oxytocin was registered and there was no significant difference in performance on the psychometric tests when the participants were on o.c. compared to when they were without o.C.

TL;DR: The prompt recovery of fertility after removal of NORPLANT R implants suggests that these changes are reversible, and can be interpreted as an indicator of adaptive changes experienced by the target organs during long-term continuous administration of levonorgestrel.

TL;DR: While the results from all centres indicated that the four preparations were all effective in inhibiting ovulation for at least one month, there were marked between centre differences in pharmacokinetic profiles.

TL;DR: RU 486 can be recommended as a contragestive agent at the end of the luteal phase and at the very beginning of pregnancy, up to 15 days after a missed menstrual period, and should be regarded as a "do-it-yourself" substitute for vacuum aspiration because of the very heavy bleeding that can occur.

TL;DR: In this sample of women 50% reported side effects of nausea alone or nausea with vomiting, and length of the menstrual cycle was shortened in women who took the medication prior to the expected day of ovulation.

TL;DR: Observations indicate that preimplantation phenomena in mice are highly dependent on progesterone action.

TL;DR: The data suggest that repeated postcoital use of levonorgestrel is probably not a viable approach to fertility regulation for the majority of women who have regular intercourse and wish to limit the number of their pregnancies.

TL;DR: The plasma concentrations of levonorgestrel (LNG) and ethinyloestradiol (EE2) have been measured in five healthy female volunteers given a combination oral contraceptive tablet by the oral route and per vaginum and also receiving the same dose intravenously.

TL;DR: There is a high degree of consistency between the reasons given by individual women for discontinuing the contraceptive method and their vaginal bleeding pattern during the 90 days preceding discontinuations, however the data revealed large between-centre differences, both in the incidence of specific patterns, and in the identification by women of bleeding problems as reasons for discontinuation.

TL;DR: There was definite improvement in the bleeding pattern with time, and there was a slight, statistically insignificant increase in weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressures after 5 years of NORPLANT use.

TL;DR: It is concluded that "free levonorgestrel index" is a better parameter than levon orgestrel plasma levels to describe implant function, and to discriminate women who are at risk of pregnancy.

TL;DR: Recovery of fertility occurred at a normal rate after NORPLANT implant removal and the incidence of problems detected in the ensuing pregnancy were within the expected range for Chilean women.