Showing papers in "International Journal of African Historical Studies in 1993"
TL;DR: The legacy of the 1940s apartheid and influx control strategy in the 1950s struggles over influx control legislation the practical effects of influx control influx control and urban labour markets the workings of the labour bureaux influx control, African urbanization the shift into apartheid's second phase, 1959-1961 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The legacy of the 1940s apartheid and influx control strategy in the 1950s struggles over influx control legislation the practical effects of influx control influx control and urban labour markets the workings of the labour bureaux influx control and African urbanization the shift into apartheid's second phase, 1959-1961.
158 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Jeffrey Herbst describes the causes of Ghana's dramatic economic decline and reviews the politics of reform that began in 1982, concluding that Ghana was one of the first African countries to adopt a comprehensive reform programme and the one that has sustained adjustment longest.
Abstract: Economic reform was the most pressing question for African and other Third World countries during the 1980s, and it will continue to dominate their public policy agendas. In this examination of the political economy of adjustment in Ghana, Jeffrey Herbst describes the causes of Ghana's dramatic economic decline and reviews the politics of reform that began in 1982. Ghana was one of the first African countries to adopt a comprehensive reform programme and the one that has sustained adjustment longest. As Africa confronts the possibility of total economic collapse by the turn of the century, the Ghanian experience will have profound ramifications across the continent in the debates regarding stabilization and structural change.
155 citations
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an invaluable introduction to the issues raised about the winners and losers of structural adjustment policies is presented, which raises new questions and serves as a research agenda for further exploration.
Abstract: An invaluable introduction to the issues raised about the winners and losers of structural adjustment policies. The book raises new questions and serves as a research agenda for further exploration ...
88 citations
75 citations
TL;DR: The authors explore le debat politique a propos du Natives land act, expliquer pourquoi une majorite ecrasante des membres du Parlement ont permis a un petit groupe de zelateurs de faire osciller leurs votes.
Abstract: En 1913, le Parlement de la Republique d'Afrique du Sud fait voter une loi, le Natives Land Act, qui fut la premiere piece majeure qui plus tard definira la structure legale de l'apartheid. La question des raisons ideologiques de l'instauration de cette legislation, qui ne fut abrogee qu'en 1991, reste ouverte. L'A. explore le debat politique a propos du Natives Land Act afin de determiner la maniere dont certains elements de la societe Sud Africaine ont contribue de maniere energique a promouvoir cette loi, et expliquer pourquoi une majorite ecrasante des membres du Parlement ont permis a un petit groupe de zelateurs de faire osciller leurs votes.
60 citations
48 citations
TL;DR: The dynamics of white rule the rise of Botha trying to make apartheid work - 1978-82 the era of reform - 1983-85 repression and stagnation - 1985-89 the end of the Botha era, 1990-1994 De Klerk the future.
Abstract: The dynamics of white rule the rise of Botha trying to make apartheid work - 1978-82 the era of reform - 1983-85 repression and stagnation - 1985-89 the end of the Botha era the rise of De Klerk the future.
43 citations
41 citations
39 citations
TL;DR: The city and its environment Maradi's political and economic roles in the 19th century were discussed in this article. But the focus of the paper was on the economic development of the city.
Abstract: Introduction: The City and Its Environment Maradi's Political and Economic Roles in the 19th Century. Part 1 Administrative Seat and Centre of Trade: Establishment of Colonial Power and Trade Growth of the Peanut Trade Under Colonialism Structural Reforms Following Independence. Part 2 A Regional Metropole: Effects of Drought on Commerce in Agricultural and Pastoral Products Development of Large-Scale Commerce Other Urban Economic Activities. Part 3 Evolution of Maradi's Social System: Formation of a Merchant Bourgeoisie - the Alhazai Life of the Working Class.
TL;DR: Decker as discussed by the authors describes how both Kings and commoners enjoyed athletic activities and claims that some of the best-known Pharaohs performed athletic feats to demonstrate their superiority and describes both common and royal sports.
Abstract: Drawing on evidence from the fields of Egyptology and sport history, Decker describes how both Kings and commoners enjoyed athletic activities. He claims that some of the best-known Pharaohs performed athletic feats to demonstrate their superiority and describes both common and royal sports.
TL;DR: Barnard's work as mentioned in this paper points out that our understanding of the Khoisan is not yet comprehensive enough to enable us to make viable and longlasting development plans for them, and the most urgent need seemed to be for a development strategy aimed at sedentafizing the KhOisan.
Abstract: have any notion of territoriality it still far from resolved. Questions are being asked as to how best to deal with the Khoisan in the development sphere. Before the appearance of this book, the most urgent need seemed to be for a development strategy aimed at sedentafizing the Khoisan. Barnard's work now points to crucial fact: that our understanding of these peoples is not yet comprehensive enough to enable us to make viable and longlasting development plans for them. Because of its detailed and comprehensive nature, this book should be used extensively by both scholars of the Khoisan peoples in all disciplines as well as by government and other agencies working for their welfare. It undoubtedly makes a great contribution to our understanding of the Khoisan and their cosmology, and indeed will serve as a reference book on the subject for a long time to come.
TL;DR: The peasants in the third world was for a long time assumed to be the opposite to the "economic man". The peasants, so the argument went, were irrational and their behaviour was determined by tradi...
Abstract: The peasants in the third world was for a long time assumed to be the opposite to the "economic man". The peasants, so the argument went, were irrational and their behaviour was determined by tradi ...
TL;DR: Isert's book, in the form of twelve letters evidently written for publication, has excited interest ever since it first appeared in 1788 as mentioned in this paper and has been translated from the original German into English.
Abstract: Isert's book, in the form of twelve letters evidently written for publication, has excited interest ever since it first appeared in 1788. Modern scholars have long had a great interest in, and need for, careful translations of early Danish sources on Africa; but though Isert's text was long ago translated into other languages, this is its first translation from the original German into English. Modern scholars have become interested in Isert because he himself approached his subjects in a scholarly and scientific way. Already a respected botanist and medical doctor, Isert became interested in ethnography on his arrival in Accra. His letters contain an unrivalled wealth of information, including details of customs, clothing, martial arts, music and recreation. His descriptions are the more valuable because, in marked contrast to his predecessors, he reveals an overwhelmingly positive, sympathetic and respectful attitude towards the Africans and their way of life. Isert has a special place in West African history because of his attempt to establish a plantation on the Gold Coast to counteract the trans-Atlantic slave trade, and the editor has assembled additional source material on this in her Appendices. The last part of Isert's book concentrates on the slave trade in the West Indies, and includes a first-hand description of a slave revolt on a ship. Throughout his text Isert draws a clear and lively picture of life on the Gold and Slave Coasts of Africa and the Danish and French islands in the West Indies at the end of the 18th century. This book is intended for scholars and students of the history of Africa and the Slave Trade. Edited and translated by: Winsnes, Selena Axelrod;
TL;DR: The authors propose an approche de la ceremonie des faiseurs de pluie en tant que technique ecologique en l'etudiant dans un contexte historique local, celui du village de Lerala dans les collines Tswapong du Botswana.
Abstract: Les cultures vivrieres des populations Tswana souffrent d'une pluie insufisante et erratique. Cet article propose une approche de la ceremonie des faiseurs de pluie en tant que technique ecologique en l'etudiant dans un contexte historique local, celui du village de Lerala dans les collines Tswapong du Botswana. Par l'etude du discours des faiseurs de pluie et du discours des chretiens, l'A. met en evidence les variations qu'a subit cette pratique. Ces variations sont a mettre en relation avec l'instabilite et le changement politique et social, car la pluie depend de l'harmonie entre les individus dans la communaute.
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the African veterans of a European war is presented, which is a story of men from the Cote d'Ivoire, many of whom had seldom traveled more than a few miles from their villages, who served France as tirailleurs (riflemen) during World War II Thousands of them took part in the doomed attempt to hold back the armies of the Third Reich in 1940; many were to spend the rest of the war as prisoners in Germany or Occupied France, and were deployed in the Defense of the Motherland and
Abstract: This is a study of the African veterans of a European war It is a story of men from the Cote d'Ivoire, many of whom had seldom traveled more than a few miles from their villages, who served France as tirailleurs (riflemen) during World War II Thousands of them took part in the doomed attempt to hold back the armies of the Third Reich in 1940; many were to spend the rest of the war as prisoners in Germany or Occupied France Others more fortunate came under the authority of Vichy France, and were deployed in the Defense of the Motherland and its overseas possessions against the threat posed by the Allies By 1943, the tirailleur regiments had passed into the service of de Gaulle's free French and under Allied command, played a significant role in the liberation of Europe In describing these complex events, Dr Lawler draws upon archives in both France and the Cote d'Ivoire She also carried out an extensive series of interviews with Ivoirien veterans principally, but not exclusively, from the Korhogo region The vividness of their testimony gives this study a special character They talk freely not only of their wartime exploits, but also of their experiences after repatriation Lawler allows them to speak for themselves They express their hatred of forced labor and military conscription, which were features of the colonial system, yet at the same time reveal a pride in having come to the defense of France They describe their role in the nationalist struggle, as foot soldiers of Felix Houphouet-Boigny, but also convey their sense of having become a lost generation They recognize that their experiences as French soldiers had become sadly irrelevant in a new nation in quest of its history
TL;DR: In this article, the Mapeo variant of cult Lera and v(c)ma, the Yeli variant the human span the annual round the animate wild inanimate wilderness, and the new religions of god god and the dead: locating the unknown.
Abstract: Protestations of ignorance? Or, things left unsaid? ways of being: the living, the dead, the wild and god Jup: the Mapeo variant of cult Lera and v(c)ma: the Yeli variant the human span the annual round the animate wild inanimate wilderness, and the nature of things the new religions of god god and the dead: locating the unknown.
TL;DR: Wilson as mentioned in this paper presents a broad analytical framework for the history of southeastern Ghana within the context of a representative study of one of the country's most important political and economic forces The 150,000 Krobo are the most numerous of the Adangme-speaking peoples They are located in the mountains just inland from the coast and are the fourth largest ethnic group in the country.
Abstract: This book presents a broad analytical framework for the history of southeastern Ghana within the context of a representative study of one of the country's most important political and economic forces The 150,000 Krobo are the most numerous of the Adangme-speaking peoples They are located in the mountains just inland from the coast and are the fourth largest ethnic group in the country During the nineteenth century they were one of the small states of the Gold Coast in the formative stages of political and cultural development After the middle of the nineteenth century they became economically and politically one of the most important groups in the country because of their dominant role in commercial production of export crops Historical research on Ghana has produced mostly case studies of the large, centralized Akan states Wilson's study is an account of one of the smaller societies without which a history of Ghana would be incomplete
TL;DR: In this paper, L'A. etudie les esclaves hommes et femmes de l'ile de Mafia (Afrique orientale) sous la loi allemande de 1895 a 1992.
Abstract: L'A. etudie les esclaves hommes et femmes (recemment acptures et ceux de la premiere genration) de l'ile de Mafia (Afrique orientale) sous la loi allemande de 1895 a 1992. Il insiste sur les femmes et les facteurs qui influencent leur attitude envers l'hegemonie de leur maitre et sur l'autonomie devenue possible grâce a la « rancon ». Les esclaves n'agissaient pas seulement en tant que dependants des maitres et n'etaient pas facilement manipulables par les ingenieurs allemands. Cette liberation progressive etait pour les esclaves un signe d'aspiration a controler leur vie.
TL;DR: In 1856-1857, a partie de la chefferie de Maqoma fut detruite et il fut emprisonne pour obstacle a l'achevement de l'expropriation coloniale as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Le pouvoir precolonial chez les Xhosa, peuple d'Afrique Australe, etait fonde sur le patronage pastoral. La destruction de ce systeme, par la conquete europeenne et l'apparition de l'emphyseme pulmonaire chez le betail, a affaibli l'aristocratie. A l'interieur de la chefferie ou les dirigeants avaient collabore avec les colonisateurs, les roturiers ont commence a tuer le troupeau royal pour detroner leurs chefs. L'aristocratie a interdit la culture dans l'espoir de ramener a eux la population. Le chef, Maqoma, tua son betail apres un temps d'hesitation. Utilisant le mouvement pour convaincre le gouvernement de rendre l'Amatolas, le chef comptait retablir ses troupeaux avec l'aide de son salaire colonial. Mais - consequence de la violence entre les supporters et les opposants a l'abattage du betail en 1856-1857 - une grande partie de la chefferie de Maqoma fut detruite et il fut emprisonne pour obstacle a l'achevement de l'expropriation coloniale.
TL;DR: In this article, Andrianampoinimerina et al. analyse the structure and le developpement du commerce a Madagascar dans la periodes 1750-1810 and evaluate l'importance du commerce comme base a la transformation de l'Imerina en pouvoir economique majeur.
Abstract: L'A. analyse la structure et le developpement du commerce a Madagascar dans la periodes 1750-1810. Il essaie d'evaluer l'importance du commerce comme base a la transformation de l'Imerina en pouvoir economique majeur - notamment grâce a sa situation geographique centrale dans l'acces aux autres regions ainsi qu'en tant que premier producteur de coton et de fer et que premier fournisseur d'esclaves pour le commerce exterieur avec les Mascareignes - et le role joue par Andrianampoinimerina dans l'extension et la regulation du systeme commercial de Merina par l'introduction de poids et de mesures standard.