Showing papers in "Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data in 1973"
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128 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior of the n-pentane-carbon dioxide system was studied and the equilibrium ratios for each component were calculated at each temperature from the phase composition data using the Lorentz-Lorenz molar refractivity relationship.
Abstract: As a continuation of a program to provide data on binary systems of interest to the petroleum and natural gas industry, the behavior of the n-pentane-carbon dioxide system was studied. The equilibrium ratios for each component were calculated at each temperature from the phase composition data. The equilibrium-phase densities were calculated from the measured phase composition and refractive index by use of the Lorentz-Lorenz molar refractivity relationship. The experimental measurements of the equilibrium-phase compositions and refractive indices, together with the calculated phase densities and vapor-liquid equilibrium ratios for both components are given in tabular form. As suspected previously, a considerable discrepancy was found between the measured phase compositions and the earlier data of Poettman and Katz. This is exemplified in the graphical form which shows the 2 sets of data for the 100/sup 0/F isotherm.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the binary system CO/sub 2/-n-eicosane and the ternary system CO 2 −n−decane-n−EicosANE were used as an extractive agent.
Abstract: This study presents data on the binary system CO/sub 2/-n-eicosane and the ternary system CO/sub 2/-n-decane-n-eicosane as an extractive agent. The initial choice of a paraffinic mixture in the ternary system was based on the desire to understand better the phase behavior of CO/sub 2/-paraffin systems: the long-range plan is to study diverse hydrocarbon mixtures, e.g., aromatic-paraffinic, with CO/sub 2/ to establish broad selectivity criteria which would aid in separational process design for petroleum fractions in general.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the behavior of the i-butane-carbon dioxide binary was studied and the experimental determination of the compositions and the refractive indices of the coexisting equilibrium phases at temperatures of 100/sup 0/, 160/sup 1/F, 220/sup 2/F and 250 /sup 0/F were provided.
Abstract: Current methods for predicting the phase behavior and other thermodynamic properties of multicomponent systems of industrial interest usually require interaction parameters for each of the possible binary pairs which can be formed from the components in the mixture. As part of a general program to provide data of this type for systems of interest to the petroleum and natural gas industry, the behavior is studied of the i-butane-carbon dioxide binary because measurements on this system had not previously been reported in the literature. The study includes an experimental determination of the compositions and the refractive indices of the coexisting equilibrium phases at temperatures of 100/sup 0/, 160/sup 0/, 220/sup 0/, and 250/sup 0/F and at pressures from the vapor pressure of i-butane to the critical region of the system. Tabular data provide experimental equilibrium-phase properties for an i-butane-carbon dioxide system.
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TL;DR: In this article, the volume change on mixing at saturation pressures (shrinkage) of light hydrocarbons was measured for binary systems composed of ethane, propane, butane, and isobutane.
Abstract: There is increasing interst in the petroleum industry in the properties of light hydrocarbon mixtures. Ethane-propane mixtures, available because of more efficient extraction of natural gas, are transported in pipeline quantities. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), besides being used as fuel, has a prominent position as an inexpensive aerosol propellant. Little data are available for the volume change on mixing at saturation pressures (shrinkage) of light hydrocarbons. Liquid-density data were obtained for binary systems composed of ethane, propane, butane, and isobutane at 15.6/sup 0/ and 54.4/sup 0/C and saturation pressure. To validate the mixture densities, data on the pure components also were obtained at several temperatures. The maximum shrinkage observed was about 5% for the ethane-propane system.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured liquid diffusion coefficients for ideal and non-ideal binary liquids mixtures to develop a theory to predict transport properties of the liquid state, which is of considerable use in checking various theories of liquid state and for studies on the mechanism of mass transfer.
Abstract: Accurate experimental liquid-diffusion coefficients are of considerable use in checking various theories of the liquid state, as well as for studies on the mechanism of mass transfer. In addition, a knowledge of liquid- diffusion coefficients will increase the understanding of transport processes in liquids. Diffusion coefficients for ideal and nonideal binary liquids mixtures were measured in the laboratory to develop a theory to predict transport properties of the liquid state. Liquid diffusivities were measured in ideal and nonideal systems covering the entire concentration range. The systems studied were benzene-chloroform, cyclohexane-carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane-toluene, benzene-n-heptane, all at 25/sup 0/, 40/sup 0/, and 55/sup 0/C, respectively; benzene-cyclohexane at 25/sup 0/, 40/sup 0/, and 60/sup 0/C; benzene-toluene at 20/sup 0/ and 40/sup 0/C; and diethyl ether-chloroform at 25/sup 0/C. (14 refs.)
TL;DR: In this paper, the Kretschmer and Wiebe equation was used for the isopropanol-cyclohexane and isoprostanol-methylcycloencylhexane systems.
Abstract: Isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium data were determined using a Jones still for the systems isopropanol-benzene at 50°, 60", and 70"C, isopropanol-cyclohexane at 50" and 60"C, and isopropanol-methylcyclohexane at 50" and 60°C. The Kretschmer and Wiebe equation was used for the isopropanol-cyclohexane and isopropanolmethylcyclohexane systems. Equilibrium data for the isopropanol-benzene mixtures were analyzed by using an extension of the Kretschmer and Wiebe equation suggested by Nagata. Calculated results for the three systems are generally in good agreement with the experimental values. The experimental data for all systems were also correlated with the Wilson, Heil, and NRTL equations.
TL;DR: In this paper, the densities, viscosities, and refractive indices at 25°C for aqueous-THF solutions were reported, and the freezing points and vapor-liquid equilibrium compositions at atmospheric pressure were also reported.
Abstract: Results are reported for the densities, viscosities, and refractive indices at 25°C for aqueous-THF solutions. The freezing points and vapor-liquid equilibrium compositions at atmospheric pressure are also reported. The results are compared with other data when available. A distillation procedure is suggested for the recovery of THF from THF solutions contaminated with small amounts of water and polymeric material. The occurrence and position of the THF-water azeotrope influence the manner of purification.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the heat produced by mixing two continuous liquid flows in a mixing cell consisting of a T tubing where the two incoming streams merge and a long narrow channel where the mixture exchanges heat with an isothermal air bath through an electric heat-flux meter.
Abstract: The heat produced by mixing two continuous liquid flows is measured in a mixing cell consisting of a T tubing where the two incoming streams merge and a long narrow channel where the mixture exchanges heat with an isothermal air bath through an electric heat-flux meter. The liquid flow rates are set to allow the liquid to reach the bath temperature before leaving the mixing cell. The incoming liquids are brought to the bath temperature through a heat exchanger. Viscous flow heat evolution is reproduced by circulating the liquid in a reference cell. The corresponding heat effect is subtracted from the heat effect in the mixing cell. Both cells are provided with calibration heaters. The heat flux detector consists of a thermocouple assembly soldered to the cell and a heat sink kept at the bath temperature. The electric power is linearly related to the heat flux transmitted to the heat sink. The electric signal is amplified by a Keithley 150 B amplifier and recorded. The measurement is obtained by comparing the base line shift of the recorder on mixing to the deviation produced by a known current applied in one calibration heater while the liquids are pumped. The calibration cell is chosen to reduce the base line shift on mixing, and the current is set to produce a heat effect close to that of mixing. Tacussel “electroburap” BC/VRE Syringe pumps, equipped with lO-cm3 syringes were set at flow rates ranging from 0.01 to 0.4 cm3/min. Flow rates were obtained with a precision of 0.2% and calibrated by weighing. The use of a step-by-step electric motor did not produce any fluctuation of the recorder response. Degassing of pure liquids was found necessary because the solubility of air is lower in mixtures than in pure-liquids. Bubble growth in the mixing cell caused instability of the recorder response. Air concentration
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a pycnometer and a Cannon-Fenske viscometer to measure the density, viscosity, and solubility of selected fluorinated ethers.
Abstract: Fluorocarbons, in general, possess unusual properties, and this seems particularly true of some of the fluorinated ethers which exhibit surprisingly large gas solubilities. Several of these have attracted considerable interest in medical research as potential oxygen carriers in liquid breathing ( 6 ) , in cardiopulmonary bypass machines ( 4 ) , and as blood substitutes ( 9 ) . I t is, therefore, of both practical and theoretical interest to determine such physical properties as density, viscosity, and the solubility of gases in selected fluorinated ethers. Three of these, Caroxin-D (perfluoro-l,4 diisopropoxy butane) (Allied Chemical Corp., Morristown, N.J.) , Caroxin-F (perfluoro-lisopropoxy hexane) (Allied Chemical Corp., Morristown, N.J.) , and FC-80 (perfluorobutyl perfluorotetrahydrofuran) (3M Co., St. Paul, Minn.), have been studied in this work. For density and viscosity measurements, a pycnometer and a Cannon-Fenske viscometer were used. Each measurement was taken three times.