Showing papers in "Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation in 2022"
8 citations
TL;DR: A study of the use of recurrent neural network and artificial feed-forward neural network in pulsed thermography during the automated inspection of non-planar carbon fiber reinforced plastic samples showed that the long short-term memory recurrent neuralnetwork model was more accurate in handling time dependent information.
8 citations
7 citations
7 citations
TL;DR: The results of the acceleration data from a bridge demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach to identify the anomalous data, which can realize data anomaly detection faster and more accurately than using CNN alone.
7 citations
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an approach where ultrasonic testing data (UT) is linked with its spatial coordinates and direction vector to the examined specimen in real-time using augmented or virtual reality.
Abstract: Abstract In this paper we present an approach where ultrasonic testing data (UT) is linked with its spatial coordinates and direction vector to the examined specimen. Doing so, the processed nondestructive testing (NDT) results can be visualized directly on the sample in real-time using augmented or virtual reality. To enable the link between NDT data and physical object, a 3D-tracking system is used. Spatial coordinates and NDT sensor data are stored together. For visualization, texture mapping was applied on a 3D model. The testing process consists of data recording, processing and visualization. All three steps are performed in real-time. The data is recorded by an UT-USB interface, processed on a PC workstation and displayed using a Mixed-Reality-system (MR). Our system allows real-time 3D visualization of ultrasonic NDT data, which is directly drawn into the virtual representation. Therefore, the possibility arises to assist the operator during the manual testing process. This new approach results in a much more intuitive testing process and a data set optimally prepared to be saved in a digital twin environment. The size of the samples is not limited to a laboratory scale, but also works for larger objects, e.g. a helicopter fuselage. Our approach is inspired by concepts of NDE 4.0 to create a new kind of smart inspection systems.
6 citations
6 citations
6 citations
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present an approach where ultrasonic testing data (UT) is linked with its spatial coordinates and direction vector to the examined specimen in real-time using augmented or virtual reality.
Abstract: Abstract In this paper we present an approach where ultrasonic testing data (UT) is linked with its spatial coordinates and direction vector to the examined specimen. Doing so, the processed nondestructive testing (NDT) results can be visualized directly on the sample in real-time using augmented or virtual reality. To enable the link between NDT data and physical object, a 3D-tracking system is used. Spatial coordinates and NDT sensor data are stored together. For visualization, texture mapping was applied on a 3D model. The testing process consists of data recording, processing and visualization. All three steps are performed in real-time. The data is recorded by an UT-USB interface, processed on a PC workstation and displayed using a Mixed-Reality-system (MR). Our system allows real-time 3D visualization of ultrasonic NDT data, which is directly drawn into the virtual representation. Therefore, the possibility arises to assist the operator during the manual testing process. This new approach results in a much more intuitive testing process and a data set optimally prepared to be saved in a digital twin environment. The size of the samples is not limited to a laboratory scale, but also works for larger objects, e.g. a helicopter fuselage. Our approach is inspired by concepts of NDE 4.0 to create a new kind of smart inspection systems.
TL;DR: The accuracy and efficiency of the MLKD–ACA algorithm are demonstrated by analyzing several eddy-current NDE benchmarks, and at least two-digit agreement of the predicted eddy current signals among the proposed method, analytical, BEM and experiment can be achieved with the nearly linear complexity.
TL;DR: In this article , a comparative study of three complementary magnetic techniques, namely surface topology air-gap reluctance system (STARS), residual magnetic flux leakage (RMFL), and stray magnetic flux leak (SMFL), was performed.
Abstract: Abstract Results of the finite element analysis show that a far-side defect in a steel plate, with the depth greater by 10% of the plate thickness than a near-side defect, can produce a very similar magnetic flux leakage (MFL) signal. Due to the fact that a measurement of MFL itself can lead to misclassification of a far-side defect as a near-side one, and thus to underestimation of its depth, a comparative study of three complementary magnetic techniques was performed. The following techniques were studied: surface topology air-gap reluctance system (STARS), residual magnetic flux leakage (RMFL) and stray magnetic flux leakage (SMFL). Numerical results showed that in the case of the STARS and SMFL, defect signatures in signals were observed for investigated near-side defects, but not for far-side defects. The signature of the far-side defect in the RMFL was observed, however its peak-to-peak value was only about 8% of the value corresponding to the near-side defect.
TL;DR: In this paper , the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory was used for non-destructive assessment of the mechanical properties of three different 3D-printed materials: a plastic, an elastomer, and a hydrogel.
Abstract: The determination of the mechanical properties of materials is predominantly undertaken using destructive approaches. Such approaches are based on well-established mathematical formulations where a physical property of the material is measured as a function of an input under controlled conditions provided by some machine, such as load-displacement curves in indentation tests and stress-strain plots in tensile testing. The main disadvantage of these methods is that they involve destruction of samples as they are usually tested to failure to determine the properties of interest. This means that large sample sizes are required to obtain statistical certainty, a condition that, depending on the material, may mean the process is both time consuming and expensive. In addition, for rapid prototyping and small-batch manufacturing of polymers, these techniques may be inappropriate either due to excessive cost or high polymer composition variability between batches. In this paper we discuss how the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory can be exploited for experimental, non-destructive assessment of the mechanical properties of three different 3D-printed materials: a plastic, an elastomer, and a hydrogel. We demonstrate applicability of the approach for materials, which vary by several orders of magnitude of Young's moduli, by measuring the resonance frequencies of appended rectangular cantilevers using laser Doppler vibrometry. The results indicate that experimental determination of the resonance frequency can be used to accurately determine the exact elastic modulus of any given 3D-printed component. We compare the obtained results with those obtained by tensile testing for comparison and validation.
TL;DR: In this paper , a comparative study of three complementary magnetic techniques, namely surface topology air-gap reluctance system (STARS), residual magnetic flux leakage (RMFL), and stray magnetic flux leak (SMFL), was performed.
Abstract: Abstract Results of the finite element analysis show that a far-side defect in a steel plate, with the depth greater by 10% of the plate thickness than a near-side defect, can produce a very similar magnetic flux leakage (MFL) signal. Due to the fact that a measurement of MFL itself can lead to misclassification of a far-side defect as a near-side one, and thus to underestimation of its depth, a comparative study of three complementary magnetic techniques was performed. The following techniques were studied: surface topology air-gap reluctance system (STARS), residual magnetic flux leakage (RMFL) and stray magnetic flux leakage (SMFL). Numerical results showed that in the case of the STARS and SMFL, defect signatures in signals were observed for investigated near-side defects, but not for far-side defects. The signature of the far-side defect in the RMFL was observed, however its peak-to-peak value was only about 8% of the value corresponding to the near-side defect.
TL;DR: In this paper , three concrete samples were investigated by active thermography in reflection and in transmission setup, and it was found that this method yields the same results without direct contact as the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method as an established inspection tool.
Abstract: Abstract The knowledge of the thermal parameters of a particular concrete is essential for thermal design of a building, but also could help to identify and assess the state of a concrete structure. Active thermography has the potential to be applied onsite and to provide a fast investigation of thermal properties. In this work, three different concrete samples were investigated by active thermography in reflection and in transmission setup. It was found that this method yields the same results without direct contact as the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method as an established inspection tool.
TL;DR: In this paper , three concrete samples were investigated by active thermography in reflection and in transmission setup, and it was found that this method yields the same results without direct contact as the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method as an established inspection tool.
Abstract: Abstract The knowledge of the thermal parameters of a particular concrete is essential for thermal design of a building, but also could help to identify and assess the state of a concrete structure. Active thermography has the potential to be applied onsite and to provide a fast investigation of thermal properties. In this work, three different concrete samples were investigated by active thermography in reflection and in transmission setup. It was found that this method yields the same results without direct contact as the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method as an established inspection tool.
TL;DR: In this article , the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory was used for non-destructive assessment of the mechanical properties of three different 3D-printed materials: a plastic, an elastomer, and a hydrogel.
Abstract: The determination of the mechanical properties of materials is predominantly undertaken using destructive approaches. Such approaches are based on well-established mathematical formulations where a physical property of the material is measured as a function of an input under controlled conditions provided by some machine, such as load-displacement curves in indentation tests and stress-strain plots in tensile testing. The main disadvantage of these methods is that they involve destruction of samples as they are usually tested to failure to determine the properties of interest. This means that large sample sizes are required to obtain statistical certainty, a condition that, depending on the material, may mean the process is both time consuming and expensive. In addition, for rapid prototyping and small-batch manufacturing of polymers, these techniques may be inappropriate either due to excessive cost or high polymer composition variability between batches. In this paper we discuss how the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory can be exploited for experimental, non-destructive assessment of the mechanical properties of three different 3D-printed materials: a plastic, an elastomer, and a hydrogel. We demonstrate applicability of the approach for materials, which vary by several orders of magnitude of Young's moduli, by measuring the resonance frequencies of appended rectangular cantilevers using laser Doppler vibrometry. The results indicate that experimental determination of the resonance frequency can be used to accurately determine the exact elastic modulus of any given 3D-printed component. We compare the obtained results with those obtained by tensile testing for comparison and validation.
TL;DR: The significance of the reliability evaluation is reviewed under the vision of NDE 4.0, including examples of data fusion concepts as well as the importance of algorithms (like explainable artificial intelligence), the practical use is discussed and elaborated accordingly.