Showing papers in "Journal of Safety Science and Technology in 2009"

The safety analysis of current situation and management countermeasure on tailing reservoir in China

Abstract: Firstly,the current situation of the tailing reservoir is analyzed on 11 aspects:scale level,production safety license,design,service year,dam mode,safety level,emergency plan,evaluation,drainage system,the person num and property at catchment area,peccancy instance in tailing reservoir region.Secondly,according to the analysis of current situation of tailing reservoir,the major management problem is pointed out.Thirdly,the management advice is advanced to the major problem.

Design principles of movable coal mine refuge chamber

Abstract: Movable Mine Refuge Chamber will be a important equipment to protect coal mine miners from being hurt.The research and application status of Mine Refuge Chamber in China and abroad is described in this paper.Based on this,several issues on the designing of movable Mine Refuge Chamber were analyzed.

The current safety situation of tailing reservoir in China and preventive measures

Abstract: The tailing reservoir is a large dangerous source of man-made mud-rock flow with high potential energy,and the loss caused by tailing disaster is considerably serious.In recent years,the accidents of tailing reservoirs happened occasionally,it has caused great threaten to people's lives and properties in our country,and the safety situation is not optimistic.By summarizing and researching the tailing reservoir accident cases,the safety current situation of tailing reservoir in China was analyzed,and the prevention measures for preventing the occurrence of tailing reservoir accidents were suggested.

The research progresses and key scientific problems on emergency preparedness system

Abstract: This paper analyzes briefly the research progresses in seven aspects of the emergency preparedness system,which include the concept of preparedness,the strategic planning methods,the preparedness system compositions and architecture,the emergency capability assessment,the emergency organizational structure and operational mechanism,the emergency plans development and exercise,and the culture of emergency preparedness,etc.Four key scientific problems of the theoretical research on emergency preparedness system were proposed,which are the emergency preparedness strategic planning theory and methods,the system compositions and architecture of emergency preparedness system,the primary preparedness tasks and target capabilities,the assessment theory and methods for emergency preparedness,and the connotations and characteristics of emergency preparedness culture.

Evaluation method of emergency response capabilities based on FAHP

Abstract: It is useful to continuously improve the whole level of emergency management in dangerous industry by evaluation.As a comprehensive safety evaluation method,AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) has been used in various fields of safety science.In this paper,emergency management capabilities of work safety and its evaluation requirements were introduced.The status of emergency response capabilities in domestic and international were analyzed.The general ideas of establishing the evaluation system in industry and enterprises were presented.The methods of establishing indicators set and the projects of evaluation model based on comprehensive FAHP(the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process) were discussed.The evaluation methods of emergency management capacity were preliminarily established.

Discussion of set pair analysis assessment model based on multi-contact number

Abstract: Set pair analysis is a system analysis method to deal with uncertain problem.The method was used to system risk assessment.The defects of set pair analysis for multi-contact number in system risk assessment were pointed out,and its application condition in the system risk assessment was discussed.The method to determine system risk level by the risk level eigenvalue was put forward,and the assessment procedure of set analysis for multi-contact number was presented.The example showed that this method is suitable to the risk assessment,and provides a new idea for the risk assessment.

Researches on safety capacity of chemical industry park

Abstract: Safety capacity of chemical industry park is a crucial problem for kinds of government department today.In the present paper,a method mainly based on quantitative risk assessment for hazardous chemicals transportation was adopted for evaluating reasonable safety capacity of chemical industry park.The calculating model and acceptable risk criteria were also given.The developed method was thus applied to one chemical industry park southward to give the half widths of different level of individual risk.On considering with the long-term planning of the industry park,a reasonable safety capacity of 0.3～0.9 million cubic meters for newly developing and 4.7～5.3 million cubic meters for total were obtained via inverse computation.

Research and design of mine refuge chamber

Abstract: Based on the fact that 75% of the casualties in accidents of mining gas or coal dust were attributed to the harmful gas,while the self-rescuer apparatus can not provide enough oxygen for long-time breath,the basic requirenent of building the refuge chamber was proposed in this article,12 aspects such as ventilation,oxygen supply,fire protection、power supply etc,were also designed So building refuge chamber in mining tunnel can provide a transfer station for blast survivors to go to survive

Investigation on evacuation behavior of passengers in metro emergency

Abstract: As a modern rail transportation vehicle in the city,the social influence would be great once the emergency happened in metro.To realize and grasp the characteristics of evacuation behavior of passengers in metro emergency is the precondition for the operation enterprise to constitute effective planning of emergency evacuation and conduct the passengers' evacuation to safe area reasonably and quickly.The methods of questionnaire survey and statistical analysis were applied in this paper to investigate and analyze the evacuation behavior of passengers in metro emergency of two metro stations in a southern city.

Forecasting of infiltration route in tailing dam by Support Vector Regression

Abstract: This paper presents a new prediction method for infiltration routes based on support vector Regression,According to the method,selecting valid samples of data from a large number of the monitoring data of the tailings dam is the first step;the kernel parameters for SVR(support vector Regression) are optimized automatically by using the leave one out method,It not only reduces computing time,but also improve the accuracy rate for kernel parameters selection by using it,and then establishing the forecasting model.The results show that:the method can obtain higher accuracy with fewer samples for the Forecasting of infiltration route.

Analysis on feasibility of removing sulfur from metal sulfide ores with microorganism

Abstract: The high sulfur minerals in sulphur ore is the intrinsic factor of internal-caused fireUsing microorganism leaching to remove sulfur from the surface sulfide ore,then the surface of ore's sulphur content would be under the critical spontaneous pointThe purpose is to avoid internal-caused fire of high sulphur ore minesBased on the study of removing sulfur from coal and pyrite slag by microorganism method,this paper discussed microbial desulfurization in metal sulfide ore

Survey on the public evacuation behavior in "4.16" accident at Tianyuan chemical factory of Chongqing

Abstract: The public evacuation behavior during the chlorine release and explosion accident at Tianyuan chemical factory of Chongqing in April 16 2004 was surveyed in this paper with questionnaire and interview. SPSS 11.0 was applied to analyze the data from the questionnaires. It was found that,the former similar experience tends to accelerate the evacuation preparation,while the internal apprehensions tend to decelerate such preparation before actual evacuation actions. Based on the surveyed results,the practical ways to promote evacuation efficiency seem to be,to issue the evacuation notice by a proper agent in proper ways,to make proper use of the herding phenomenon,to carry out evacuation drills and education activities,to reassure the evacuees and so on. Some other issues,for example,the residents not evacuated despite of the warnings,the evacuees looking for refuges other than the official shelters,the preference to the most familiar roads,re-entry behavior and the pedestrian prevalence in evacuation traffic,are necessary to be taken into account during later analysis of regional evacuation.

Application of improved LEC method to hazard evaluation in hydroelectric project construction

Abstract: During the safety management in hydraulic project construction,hazard management is important.Risk assessment on operation conditions(LEC)is a method usually used at hydroelectric project construction enterprises.LEC method had to depend on the experience of the evaluation group.Due to this limitation,improved LEC method used on hazard evaluation in hydroelectric project construction is proposed.The improved LEC method can increase the hazard management level of enterprises.

Research on evaluation of city gas emergency capability based on G1 method

Abstract: Emergency capability is the key to control the development of gas accidents,reduce the social loss and protect the safety of city.Therefore,it is necessary to give a comprehensive evaluation on emergency capability.Based on the actual situation in Tianjin,the indicator system of city gas emergency capability evaluation was studied.The influence factors of which were divided into two grades and finally the indicator evaluation system was established.Then,according to the indicator system,the gas emergency capability of Tianjin was evaluated with the G1 method firstly.The results showed,the indicator system of city gas emergency capability evaluation covered a wide range,which could reflect the real situation,and through verification,the evaluation result which was obtained with the G1 method was in line with the actual situation and reflected the recent level of city gas emergency capability.

Research on assessment of comprehensive emergency capacity for earthquake disaster

Abstract: Wenchuan earthquake has made a big loss to our country,and brought our nation great sadness. At the same time,it has test the emergency capacity of our nation. The shortages of the emergency capacity of our nation had been emerged in this process of earthquake disaster reduction. Through establishing "the comprehensive emergency capability assessment index system for emergency" ,it can evaluate the emergency capacity of government,and advance its construction. Earthquake disaster is different from other emergencies,and it has special characters. Four criterions are picked-up from these characters. By these four criterions,13 provinces are chosen as analytic model. The model is compared to the indexes,and it is summarized that the emergency capability of our nation should be strengthened,and the indexes are meet to the primal aim.

The real-time 3D localization and hazard warning platform based on the RFID and WSN in underground mine

Abstract: To improve the severe mining safety situation by the comparative analysis of the mining hazard death accidents at home and abroad,a real-time 3D localization and hazard warning platform in underground mine based on the RFID and WSN was developed. This platform framework consists the real-time 3D localization system of the workers and the moving equipments in the underground mine,the real-time monitor system of the mining roadway environment parameters (such as temperature,humidity,ventilation,hazard gas concentration etc.),the analysis system of the real-time monitor data to pre-alarm the data abnormal region,the analysis system of the position and cause of the mining hazards and the information of the workers to provide the valuable decision references for the mining rescue work.

Numerical simulations of release and dispersion process from high-pressure natural gas pipeline

Abstract: The numerical simulations of release and dispersion for natural gas from high-pressure pipeline were performed by using CFD modeling.The results show that the gas flow vented from high-pressure includes high-speed jet process and subsequent dispersion process.For the jet process,an under-expansion jet occurs near the release hole,the whole jet maintains the considerable height.For the dispersion process,the gas disperses upward due to the buoyancy effect.The effect of wind speed on the natural gas dispersion was examined,it is shown that the higher wind speed can transport the gas farther along the downwind direction and increase the hazardous region of explosion concentration limit.The studies can provide the available foundation for the people evacuation and the safety management in the scene of natural gas release.

Study on safety evaluation system of urban rail transit

Abstract: At present,the peak period for construction of urban rail transit has come into being in China,and the safety incidents occur frequentlyTo prevent the occurrence of various safety incidents in urban rail transit,the safety evaluation work is emphasized graduallyBased on the requirement of existing safety evaluation standards and combining with the personal practice work,the main contents and evaluation emphasis of safety assessment prior to start,safety assessment prior to trial operation,safety assessment upon completion and safety assessment in operation for urban rail transit were analyzed,and the safety evaluation system of urban rail transit was put forward

Discussion on four dimension analysis model of risk degree for enterprises safety protection systems based on butterfly catastrophe theory

Abstract: Discussion on the cause of the accident model with the catastrophe theory was presented,which reveals the basic and intrinsic link elements of the cause of the accident,and the insecurity factors of the enterprises will be further abstracted into enterprises "man-machines-environment-management" safety production proction systems Discussion on the butterfly catastrophe theory and safety production proction systems integrated was taken,the weights of man,machine,management,environment and the four variables control respective were multiplied,which constitute more representative and comprehensive meaning of the new Catastrophe series The new Catastrophe series and respective unit vector was multiplied,and the four-dimensional control variable was obtained It provided a new way of thinkingfor the four-dimensional space analysis of the safety production in enterprises on the critical point of the risk degreeand built the security decision-making model with butterfly catastrophe theory,the enterprise-level production safety risk was divided into ideal security regional,dangerous region,and relatively safety region butterfly Catastrophe Theory can reveal the enterprise safety situation

Discussion on implementation of simulation system of chemical accident emergency rescue

Abstract: Simulation on chemical accident emergency rescue is necessaryThe evolvement on this field at home and abroad was introducedThe framework of the system and the process model was designedIn this article the essential of Simulation System on High Level Architecture(HLA) was analyzed,and the referenced development tool was given,to provide the thread for the whole system's development

Research on optimization of transportation mode and route for hazardous materials transportation network

Abstract: In a given hazardous materials transportation network,there are many modes and routes.Different transport modes with different units transport costs cause different incidents losses on different paths.Based on provided starting point and end point,the optimal transportation mode and route were studied by comprehensive considering how to minimize the incidents losses and the transportation cost.Finally,gives out an example was presented to show the procedure of solving the model,and it was compared of the solution with the single mode.The results indicated that to some extent,the consideration of transport modes combination can reduce the risk and cost in hazardous materials transportation.

Research on ground subsidence mechanism of solution mining by drilling and control countermeasures

Abstract: In this paper the stability of cavern and overburden of solution mining by drilling were analyzed and calculated,and so did the ground surface deformation and movementsThe mechanism of the destabilization of cavern and ground subsidence were discussedSome methods were suggested to control the destabilization of cavern and ground subsidence from which we can draw lessons for the solution mining by drilling

Interrelated studies on safety helmet and traffic accidents involving motorcycles

Abstract: In recent years,the number of fatal accidents involving motorcycles accounts for 25-28% of the total fatal traffic accidents in China.In the areas where the motorcycles are more popular,the number of traffic accidents involving motorcycles accounts for 70-80% of the total road crashes in those areas,and the proportion of the resulting casualties is more than 50% of the total casualties,or even higher.It was found that,by analyzing the specific injured parts of the bodies of the involved motorcyclists,the death ratio caused by the head injury was very high,accounts for more than 75% of the total fatality number of this kind of accidents,greatly higher than the injuries in the other parts of the body.The main causes of the fatal head injuries to the riders and pillion passengers were the low wearing rate and the poor quality of the safety helmet,thus the head was not properly protected.This showed the problems in relevant technical aspects such as the helmet standards,et al.,and at the meantime,it also showed the industry supervision and other problems at the policy level.Finally,some revisions to the helmet standards were suggested to make some basic preparation for standardizing the safety helmet industry.

Study on construction method of evaluation index system for safety input of coal mine

Abstract: In order to reasonably choose the evaluation index system for safety input of coal mine,based on the long-term safety development of coal mine enterprise and the analysis on deficiency of existing evaluation indexes for safety input of coal mine,a multi-factor evaluation index system was established,including three level 2 indexes like human,science and technology,safety management,and 16 level 3 indexes. The rationality and accuracy of the indexes were confirmed by analysis. The indexes could reflect not only the prevention and control of incident,but also the long-term safety development of enterprise. It showed that the safety input of coal mine would promote the balanced development in terms of total quantity and structure of safety supply and requirement. It is the foundation of realizing virtuous cycle of safety input in coal mine step by step,which can ensure the long-term safety development of coal mine.

Study of time predicting model for boilover formation in crude oil tank fire

Abstract: Boilover is a kind of mutational phenomenon,which can cause great casualties and property losses。The time prediction method of boilover formation was particularly concerned. According to the law of conservation of energy,the formation of heat transfer within oil layer was regarded as the unsteady heat transfer problem without heat resource,and a heat transfer model was established.The temperature distribution was predicted,Combining the experimental results of small scale oil tank fire test were combined,the prediction model of boilover formation was derived. The reliability of prediction model was tested. The results indicated that the model is right. Experiments results indicate that the influence of water layer thickness on the time of boilover formation decrease gradually with increase of oil tank diameter. The time of boilover formation directly related with the ratio of initial oil layer thickness and tank diameter through the prediction model calculation.

Study on evaluation index of campus security based on analytical hierarchy process

Abstract: The various kinds of factors that threaten college security were investigated and analyzed. The evaluation index system was established based on analytical hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive judgment. The steps and method of campus security evaluation by the application model were presented with an example. The results showed that the method is feasible and instructive.

Simulation study on vehicle anti-collision model of Highway

Abstract: With the rapid construction of highways,traffic accidents increase fast.Assurance on the proper distance between vehicles is an effective mean to prevent highway accidents.According to the orderliness of apply the brake and running state,a traffic model of safe distance was presented,and the parameters of the model were explaired and analyzed.At the same time,the paper uses MATLAB software was applied to simulation the model,and the relationship between car speed,attachment coefficient and safe distance was disussed.The optimum distance that can not only avoid the accident from back vehicles,but also have no effect on the capability of traffic was studied to help traffic safety in freeway.

Statistic analysis and countermeasures on 100 CNG filling station accidents

Abstract: Based on the 100 typical accidents of CNG filling stations,this paper aimed to analyze the main safety problems in terms of the place where the accidents happened,the style of the accidents and the loss of the accidents.The main safety problems of the CNG filling station were the quality of the CNG,the high pressure storage tank safety,the gas tank,the compressor,and the gas selling system safety problems.The corresponding countermeasures to guarantee the safety of the CNG filling station were also suggested,such as improving the safety of the gas dispenser,the gas storage system,the gas tank of the CNG car,the compressor,the quality of the CNG and the management.Gas selling system,high-press gas storage system,and natural gas compression system were the comparatively dangerous systems which should be paid more attention.

Investigation into current fire protection status of Nanjing representative historical buildings and future measures

Abstract: By investigating the representative historical buildings in Jiangsu Nanjing such as GanXi Former Residence,ChaoTian Palace,JiMing Temple and JingJue Temple on the spot,the potential fire hazards of these buildings were analyzed from the aspects of structures,materials,contents,layouts and environments.The construction of modern fire protection facilities,investment of fire protection funds,fire protection management measures and new fire protection materials and technologies were explored.Results show that most fire protection systems in Nanjing historical buildings are conservative,traditional,out of date and passive.To realize the maximum value protection of historical buildings,performance-based designs and plans should be addressed from the aspects of fire safety layouts,construction of fire protection stations,design of fire passages,fire protection water supply,fire protection communication and establishment of fire protection equipments.Following the principle of "remaining old appearances of old buildings",novel chemical protection materials and technologies like nano-materials should be strongly experienced and accepted.