Showing papers in "Journal of Yaşar University in 2015"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between Karachi stock market 100 index and macroeconomic variables, i.e., inflation, industrial production, money supply, exchange rate and interest rate.
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between Karachi stock market 100 index and macroeconomic variables, i.e., inflation, industrial production, money supply, exchange rate and interest rate. The long term relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock market returns has been analyzed by using Johnson Cointegration test, Augmented Dicky Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Perron (PP) tests. The Autoregressive Conditional heteroskedasticity Lagrange Multiplier (ARCH LM) test provided prudent evidence about the presence of heteroskedasticity in the data. The Generalized Autoregressive Conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model was used to find out the relationship between stock returns and the variance of the squared error terms as there was heteroskedastic trend in the data. The results show that the cointegrating relationship exists between stock prices and the macroeconomic variables in Pakistani stock market. The GARCH model showed the significant relationships after mitigating the heteroskedasticity. The consumer price index (CPI), money supply (MS), exchange rates (ER) and interest rates (IR) proved to be negatively associated with the stock returns (SR), while industrial production index (IPI) was found to be positively associated with the stock returns. All the variables were significantly associated to stock market returns except inflation. The investors can use the GARCH results for investment decisions that is the returns are volatile not only due to any happening today but also on the past. The findings suggest that in the long run, the Pakistani stock market is reactive to macroeconomic indicators
35 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of local food plays on destination choice was investigated from the point of view of tourists visiting the Izmir Peninsula, and the results of the study showed that local food did not play a prominent role when the tourists were making their preferences of the Peninsula, however, they liked the local food as a result of eating experiences they went through while they were staying in the region, and there was a lack of promotion of local foods.
Abstract: In this study, the role that local food plays on destination choice was investigated from the point of view of tourists visiting Izmir Peninsula. In the scope of the study, a field research was conducted on domestic and foreign tourists (n = 430) who visit Izmir peninsula. The results of the study showed that local food did not play a prominent role when the tourists were making their preferences of the Peninsula, however, they liked the local food as a result of eating experiences they went through while they were staying in the region, and there was a lack of promotion of local food
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the relationship between CSR practices of Turkish banks and their financial performance which is proxied by ROE, ROA and NIM for the year 2013.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the bidirectional relationship between CSR practices of Turkish banks and their financial performance which is proxied by ROE, ROA and NIM for the year 2013. Content analysis is used to analyze the degree of CSR level based on a CSR index calculation and the link between performance and CSR level is investigated. The results show that ROA and ROE have no explanatory power in explaining CSR, whereas there is a bidirectional relationship between CSR and NIMs. The results point to an intuition that the banks are likely to charge the costs of CSR practices from their customers
24 citations
TL;DR: Arastirma nitel veri toplama araclarindan gorusme teknigi ile gerceklestirilmistir. as discussed by the authors, a.
Abstract: Ulkelerin sahip oldugu dogal ve sosyo-kulturel kaynaklar turistleri destinasyona ceken en onemli faktorler olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu kaynaklarda meydana gelecek tahribatlar kimi zaman geri donusumu olmayan sonuclara neden olmaktadir. Surdurulebilirlik kavraminin destinasyonlar tarafindan anlasilmasi ve alinacak bir takim onemler ile bu tahribatin onune gecilmektedir. Bu calisma Alacati destinasyonunun sahip oldugu turistik cekiciliklerin surdurulebilirliginin irdelenmesi amaci ile yapilmistir. Arastirma nitel veri toplama araclarindan gorusme teknigi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirmada sivil toplum kuruluslari, yerel yonetim ve isletme yoneticileri olmak uzere toplam 15 kisi ile gorusulmustur. Arastirma sonucunda destinasyonun kaynaklarinin surdurulebilirligi icin ozel sektor, kamu sektoru ve sivil toplum kuruluslarinin isbirligi cercevesinde ortak fikir uretip ve uygulamaya gecmesi gerekliligi tespit edilmistir.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate aspects of how increase in foreign direct investments is affecting carbon emission in the United States, France and United Kingdom during the period 1970-2010, using linear and nonlinear causality tests.
Abstract: The relation between foreign direct investment and carbon emission together with globalized economic structure has become an important research area Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate aspects of how increase in foreign direct investments is affecting carbon emission In the application, the period 1970-2010 was examined and firstly, foreign direct investments are observed casual of carbon emission via linear and nonlinear causality tests Secondly, long-term integration between these two variables is determined by cointegration test with two structural breaks Lastly, the aspects of this relation are specified with the FMOLS and CCR cointegration estimators As findings, the Pollution Halo Hypothesis which claims increase in foreign direct investments is parallel with decrease in carbon emission, is valid for United States, France and United Kingdom; on the other hand, the Pollution Haven Hypothesis which accepts these increased investments raise environment and air pollution, is valid only for Canada
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the long memory structure of the BIST-100 index volatility has been examined and it is shown that long memory is one of the indicators of fractality and also it is used to test the weak form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis.
Abstract: In this study, long memory structure of the BIST-100 Index volatility has been examined. Long memory is one of the indicators of fractality and also it is used to test the weak form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis. In the empirical part, we used squared and absolute returns of the BIST-100 Index during the period of 03.01.1990-15.05.2013. Econometric analysis was conducted via FIGARCH method. Since structural breaks can produce spurious long memory effect, all long memory tests were performed before and after Bai-Perron multiple break points analysis. Results exhibited that there is a long memory effect in the BIST-100 index volatility within the period of sample
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors made a study on restaurant preferences criteria and the differentiation of these criteria according to the demographic factors of the consumers, which revealed that groups of different age, different sex and different education level have different priorities on restaurant decision process.
Abstract: Although, food and beverage sector has been a growing and developing sector in Turkey, not many researches were made on restaurant preferences criteria and the differentiation of these criteria according to the demographic factors of the consumers. This research reveals that groups of different age, different sex and different education level have different priorities on restaurant decision process. Another outcome of this research is the sorting of the criteria for all participants from most to least important; service and presentation, waiter apparel and behavior, externals, pricing, parking possibility, recommendation, music playing, calm atmosphere and advertisement
9 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined the moderating effect of culture and age on individuals' Machiavellian thoughts by the chronic aspect of construal level theory across people from different cultures and from different age groups.
Abstract: Christie and Geis (1970) define Machiavellianism as a personality trait that results in extensive manipulative behavior, insincerity and callousness. Previous research focused on how culture and several demographic variables relate to Machiavellianism. However, no research has yet to examine how culture and demographics (age) moderate the relation between Machiavellian tendencies and the mind-set of an action. This study examines the moderating effect of culture and age on individuals’ Machiavellian thoughts by the chronic aspect of Construal Level Theory (Liberman and Trope, 1998; Trope and Liberman, 2010) across people from different cultures and from different age groups. In the first part of the study, culture is used as a moderator. The results indicated that American participants showed more (versus less) Machiavellian thoughts then Turkish participants when a concrete construal is adapted (versus an abstract construal). Second part of the study focused on the age as the moderator. The results showed that younger participants (versus older) are more Machiavellian when they have a concrete construal (versus an abstract construal). Consequently; the results indicate a strong distinction when a detailed mindset is adapted where the events are perceived as subcategorized and concrete. On the other hand, when an abstract mind-set is adapted, events are perceived as more vague therefore differences between cultures and age began to diminish. Implications of the findings to the literature are discussed
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the calismada ise psikolojik guclendirmenin diger boyutlari olan etki, yetkinlik ve ozerkligin ise sosyal kaytarmayi anlamli olarak etkilemedigi gorulmustur.
Abstract: Organizasyonlarin vazgecilmezlerinden olan grup calismasinin her zaman bireysel performansi arttirmasini beklemek zordur. Grup icerisinde cesitli nedenlerden dolayi bazi bireylerin cabalarini azaltmalari mumkundur. Bu durum literaturde sosyal kaytarma olarak ifade edilmistir ve bu durumu engelleyici uygulamalarin neler olabilecegi bircok calismada ele alinmistir. Bu calismada ise psikolojik guclendirmenin sosyal kaytarma problemine care olup olamayacagi arastirilmistir. Calisma Elazig ve Malatya’da faaliyet gosteren 5 farkli imalat firmasinin calisanlari uzerinde uygulanmistir. Toplamda 175 calisandan anket yontemiyle elde edilen veriler guvenilirlik analizi, dogrulayici faktor analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri ile incelenmistir. Elde edilen sonuclara gore psikolojik guclendirme boyutlarindan anlamlilik, sosyal kaytarma davranislarini azaltmada onemli bir role sahiptir. Psikolojik guclendirmenin diger boyutlari olan etki, yetkinlik ve ozerkligin ise sosyal kaytarmayi anlamli olarak etkilemedigi gorulmustur.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the relationship between corporate governance rules and application of CSR practices into operations of the top 30 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE).
Abstract: This paper aims to explore the relationship between corporate governance rules and application of CSR practices into operations of the top 30 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Since in Poland, so far, there is no obligation to follow any specific CSR standards or to make disclosures of non-financial, social and environmental information, this is still a fully voluntary approach. At the moment, only some of the companies listed on the WSE are regularly applying and reporting on CSR practices. The limited attention paid to CSR norms as well as CSR reporting under Polish law means also that foreign companies seeking access to Polish capital market generally will not face serious constraints in terms of regulations regarding CSR. Moreover, the situation in Europe is very diverse. Although European companies have no general legal obligation under EU law to adopt CSR policies or to report on them, the 2003 Accounts Modernization Directive deals with a range of issues on corporate accounting and reporting, and it has been at origin of more detailed legislation interventions at the national level. Countries such as Sweden, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and the UK have mandated the disclosure of corporate social responsibility data. While in adopting and implementing corporate governance rules for the listed companies Poland has been not too distant from the other European countries, it appears only on the verge of a decision on the mandatory application of the CSR policy. Also the evidence on this topic from Polish listed companies is still quite poor in Poland. This paper would be an attempt to give a first conclusion from the preliminary research and will provide a basis for the further deeper analysis
7 citations
TL;DR: Agar et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed the Rekabetci Degerler Modeli (RDEM) model for the construction of a degerlendirilmesi yapilmistir.
Abstract: Orgut kulturu, isletmelerdeki inanc ve degerler, davranis normlari, formal ve informal sistem surec ve yontemlerin bir birlesimdir. 1980’den itibaren isletme alaninda onemli bir gorungu olan orgut kulturu, turizm isletmelerinde de is gorenlerin davranislarin tanimlamada onemli bir konu haline gelmistir. Turizm isletmelerinden biri olan otel isletmelerinde orgut kulturu, is gorenleri ortak bir amac dogrultusunda belirsizliklere karsi hareket ettirmeye ve is gorenlere guvenli bir yolda ilerlemeyi saglamaktadir. Bu arastirmada, Istanbul’da hizmet veren 5 yildizli otel isletmelerinde Cameron ve Quin’in ortaya koydugu “Rekabetci Degerler Modeli” kapsaminda orgut kulturu tipleri (Adokrasi, Klan, Burokrasi ve Pazar) acisindan degerlendirilmesi yapilmistir. Arastirma kapsaminda, bes yildizli otellerde 335 is gorene anket uygulanmistir. Arastirma sonucunda ise, orgut kulturu tipleri ortalamalarinin oldukca yuksek oldugu ancak aralarinda belirli bir farkin olmadigi gorulmustur
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the validity of purchasing power parity hypothesis for emerging markets (India, Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey, and South Africa) by using the method of co-integration in the period of 2003:12013:8.
Abstract: Due to price stability has been a privileged macro-economic target, the validity of purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis attracted more attentions in recent studies. The aim of this study is to examine the validity of purchasing power parity hypothesis for emerging markets (India, Brazil, Indonesia, Turkey, and South Africa) which are called “fragile five” by using the method of co-integration in the the period of 2003:12013:8. Then, the data covers monthly series of nominal exchange rates and consumer price indices for fragile five and consumer price index for the US. Findings of the study illustrated that there is a long term relationship between the nominal exchange rates and consumer price indices of Brazil, India, South Africa, Turkey and consumer price indices of the US. Thus the linear integration of the series are stationary and strongly validity of purchasing power parity is current. However, results of the analysis points out an exception for Indonesia that the long term relationship between the variables does not exist and series are not co-integrated. So, the hypothesis of purchasing power parity is rejected for Indonesia. It can be argued that the Central Banks of Fragile five countries are not capable of coping with risks crated by fluctuations in the real exchange rates, because they implement inflation targeting regime. As a result, the fluctuations of the real exchange rate around its long term equilibrium value has crucial importance for the central banks’ political sovereignty
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of affective commitment on extra role and in role performance of employees working in banks in the capital of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan was investigated and a survey based study was conducted.
Abstract: The basic objective of this study was to determine the impact of organizational commitment especially affective commitment on extra role and in role performance of employees working in banks in the capital of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. In addition, the secondary purpose of this study was to explore what level of commitment these employees demonstrate towards their organizations and what are their behaviours in performing jobs accordingly. So the present study had contributed to enhance the conception on noteworthy concerns and employees can enhance their performance by exhibiting such behaviours. In this survey based study, we collected data through self-administered questionnaires applying correlational explanatory research design. This study was conducted on the employees working in banks of Lahore, Pakistan. In March 2013, we circulated about 300 questionnaires among which 270 useable surveys were returned for a response rate of 90%. The sample was sufficient for the application of Structural equation modeling in AMOS 18 and SPSS 20. The results of this study showed that affective commitment had positive impact on the extra role performance of employees working in banks. They feel themselves emotionally attached with their organizations, hence this higher level of affective commitment urge them to engage in Extra Role Performance. In Role Performance of employees of banks also got better due to their affective commitment with organizations. The sample of this study was employees who are working at public and private sector Banks in Lahore, Pakistan only. Research questionnaire was used to measure Organizational Commitment, Extra Role Performance and In Role Performance. Moreover qualitative research may also be conducted to further explore this area in Non Western context. Considering the importance of bankers’ organizational commitment (affective commitment) and their effect on extra role performance (organizational citizenship behaviour) and in role behaviour or performance , higher management and policy makers should take necessary steps for improving the degree of commitment which will increase the extra role performance of employees. Some recommendations have been provided specifically
TL;DR: In this paper, the focus group interview with eight businesspeople brought out their opinions into light, and thus more profound data regarding CSR was collected and also localized accounts of personal views and experiences were presented.
Abstract: The aim of this research is to examine how white collar employees working at the Izmir offices of large-sized international companies in Turkey understand and interpret Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) concept. Focus group interview as one of the techniques of qualitative research method was used in this study. The focus group interview that was conducted with eight businesspeople brought out their opinions into light, and thus more profound data regarding CSR was collected and also localized accounts of personal views and experiences were presented. The primary findings of the research were grouped into seven categories: Selection of the CSR activity; Reason(s) for conducting a CSR activity; CSR and being an ethical business; CSR training; CSR and company image; CSR, a matter of budget; CSR, a matter of spending time or money. On the other hand, "CSR-related words and phrases" and "motivations and concerns behind CSR activities" werealso elicited as secondary findings of the research. There were three limitations in the study: the research was conducted only in Izmir city, there was only one focus group, and the participants were all from international companies. To be able to gain a deeper understanding about the issue and then compare the views of different groups of employees on CSR, further research is suggested
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the social responsibility practices of municipalities in Izmir City using a semi-structured interview with one municipal official from each municipality who works for managing Social Responsibility practices.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the social responsibility practices of municipalities in Izmir City. Since the main purpose was to analyze different social responsibility practices of municipalities; two municipalities from urban districts, Karabaglar and Bornova, and two municipalities from rural districts, Kemalpasa and Seferihisar, were selected for qualitative research by using maximum variation sampling technique. The aim was to represent the social responsibility practices of municipalities chosen, not to generalize the findings to all municipalities in Izmir City. The technique of semi-structured interviewing was used to gather profound information regarding municipalities’ social responsibility practices. One municipal official from each municipality who works for managing social responsibility practices was chosen for the interview. While data obtained from the research was analyzing, direct quotations that reflect the interviewees’ opinions were used. According to the findings; it was found that municipalities conducted social responsibility practices regarding social support, health, education, culture, environment, and animals. It was recommended to municipalities that they should improve their social responsibility practices in order to ensure social welfare. Only four municipalities of total thirty municipalities in Izmir City were included to the research. The other municipalities’ social responsibility activities may be examined in further research within the scope of constituting a general social responsibility plan for Izmir City. This research contributes to the literature because it represents the social responsibility practices implemented by the municipalities in Izmir City
TL;DR: Arastirma orneklemini 145 orta duzey yonetici olusturmaktadir as discussed by the authors, neden sonuc dayali olarak aciklayici sekilde tasarlanmistir.
Abstract: Bu calismada, bireycilik-toplulukculuk degerleri, kariyer capalari ve kariyer tatmini arasindaki iliskilerin incelenmesi amaclanmistir. Arastirma orneklemini 145 orta duzey yonetici olusturmaktadir. Arastirma neden sonuc iliskisine dayali olarak aciklayici sekilde tasarlanmistir. Arastirma bulgulari, kulturun bireycilik-toplulukculuk boyutlarinin kariyer capalari ve kariyer tatmini uzerinde etkili oldugunu gostermektedir. Ayrica bulgulara gore, kariyer capalarinin kariyer tatminindeki varyansi aciklayan onemli bir faktor oldugu gorulmektedir. Anahtar kelimeler : Bireycilik, toplulukculuk, kariyer capalari, kariyer tatmini
TL;DR: In this article, Yu et al. discuss the e-yasam tarzi olceginin gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcme araci oldugu soylenebilir.
Abstract: Bu calismanin amaci Yu (2011) tarafindan gelistirilen e-yasam tarzi (e-lifestyle) olcegini Turkce’ye uyarlayarak, olcegin gecerliligini degerlendirmektir. 405 katilimci ile gerceklestirilen calismada veriler sosyo-demografik soru formu ve e-yasam tarzi olcegi kullanilarak elde edilmistir. Calismada, icerik gecerliligi testlerini takiben, kapsam gecerliligi testleri uygulanmis, bu kapsamda dogrulayici faktor analizi yapilmistir. Analiz sonuclarina gore, olcek alt boyutlari icin olcegin ic tutarlilik katsayilari 0.797 ile 0.920 arasinda bulunmustur. E-yasam tarzi olceginin gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcme araci oldugu soylenebilir. Bu calisma, e-yasam tarzi olceginin baska bir dile cevrildigi ilk metodolojik calismadir. Calismada kullanilan e-yasam tarzi olcegi, bilisim teknolojilerinin bireylerin gunluk hayatindaki etkilerini ve bireylerin bu teknolojilerin hayatlarini nasil etkiledikleri yonundeki goruslerini olcmeye yonelik olarak tasarlanmistir. Ozellikle pazarlama alanindaki arastirmalar icin yararli bir arac olan e-yasam tarzi olcegi, sosyal bilimler kapsamindaki diger arastirma alanlari icin de kullanisli bir aractir
TL;DR: This article analyzed the reading passages and related pictures published in English language coursebooks in terms of ethnicity, sex and disability by relating them to socially responsible teaching and found that the coursebooks analyzed generally lack sensitivity to differences based on nationalities, sexes and disability.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the reading passages and related pictures published in English language coursebooks in terms of ethnicity, sex and disability by relating them to socially responsible teaching. A checklist formerly used by Cunningsworth (1995) was adapted and used for the purposes of this study. This checklist included the headings of nationalities, whether any kind of disability is included or not, types of disability, number of males and females and gender specific roles attached to males and females. A total of 240 reading passages were analyzed throughout the study and frequencies and percentages for each coursebook were calculated. Results indicate that the coursebooks analyzed generally lack sensitivity to differences based on nationalities, sexes and disability. Results also demonstrate that disability gets little or no place in the coursebooks studied. Also, it was found that females are not represented equally with males. With regards to ethnicity, native speakers of English appear in the coursebooks more than non-native speakers do
TL;DR: Aile isletmelerinin nesiller boyu surdurulebilir devamliligi icin bazi temel kurumsallasma uygulamalarinin baslatilmasi venesiller arasi yonetim devirlerinin basariyla sonuclandirilmisi gerekmektedir as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Aile isletmelerinin nesiller boyu surdurulebilir devamliligi icin bazi temel kurumsallasma uygulamalarinin baslatilmasi ve nesiller arasi yonetim devirlerinin basariyla sonuclandirilmasi gerekmektedir. Ancak, bu surecin ilk basamagi olan temel kurumsallasma uygulamalarinin ilk evreleri hizla asilirken son evrelerine ulasilamadigi icin bircok aile isletmelerinin nesiller arasi devamliligi saglanamamaktadir. Bu makalede Ege Otomotiv Dernegi’ne uye aile isletmelerinin temel kurumsallasma uygulamalari ve yonetim devri uzerine hem algilari hem de calismalari incelenmistir. Ayrica, bu makalenin temel kurumsallasma uygulamalari sonuclari, iki ayri alan calismasinin sonuclariyla kiyaslanmis ve her uc alan calismasinin ilgili sonuclarinda cok onemli benzerlikler saptanmistir.
TL;DR: In this paper, the circumstances that have caused the rebellion that cropped up in Ukraine will be revealed and the question of how social solidarity networks and mobile communication technologies have affected this process will be answered.
Abstract: In recent years, governmental protests in Ukraine improvements in information and communication technologies have been affecting concourse and organization forms of people, like affecting every field of life. Revolution of information technologies which has been penetrating into the field of entire human activites has an effect on having these transformations. With the technological segmentation in 1970’s, electronical communication network that becomes today’s internet , going beyond the scope of military bounds makes social upheaval acquires dimension. With becoming internet a global mass media, society went into a new transition period ‘’technocentricly’’. At this point, a communication form which mediating with communication technologies shows up. Today, from social relations to political organizations, all kinds of organization activites occurs via information technologies. People who came together at cafes, parks, visits and associations in conventional period, come together at social networks today. Similar situation stands out itself in exposure of social will. Today, when wireless internet forms network with mobile information technologies, when images and ideas spread like virus; the latest example of social movements which form networks is anti-governmental protests in Ukraine.In this study, the circumstances that have caused the rebellion that cropped up in Ukraine will be revealed and the question of how social solidarity networks and mobile communication technologies have affected this process will be answered. With this aims, effects of information technologies - spesifically opportunities of mobile communication devices on organization process will be analyzed through antigovernmental protests in Ukraine
TL;DR: In this article, the convergence between the human rights and poverty discourses which has become widespread from the 1990s is drawn attention as a different paradigm to fight against poverty, and the background of the approach to struggle against poverty from the point of view of human rights is analyzed in the framework of capability approach developed by Amartya Sen.
Abstract: The issue of struggle against poverty has been discussed intensively in the international arena especially from the beginning of 1990s. In this period, it is unquestionable that the problems arisen from the structural adjustment policies applied in developing and underdeveloped countries from the 1980s have negative effects on poverty. In the period of structural adjustment, the view dealing poverty as a problem which could be solved with the rise of economic growth shows that the issues of development and struggle against poverty is growth- centered and income- focused. In this paper, the convergence between the human rights and poverty discourses which has become widespread from the 1990s is drawn attention as a different paradigm to fight against poverty. The background of the approach to struggle against poverty from the point of view of human rights is analyzed in the framework of capability approach developed by Amartya Sen. In his capability approach, Amartya Sen deals with poverty as the deprivations of basic capabilities and he focuses on the non-income variables. The concepts of human development and human poverty built upon the capability approach of Amaryta Sen and developed by UNDP have been effective for the convergence of the issues of poverty and human rights. With his research agenda, Amartya Sen has succeeded in drawing international attention on the critical importance of fundamental freedoms and human rights for economic analysis. Approaching to struggle against poverty from the point of view of human rights will contribute both to being well understood of the nature of poverty and to the implementation of the effective policy instruments based on justifiable reasons for the struggle against poverty
TL;DR: Turizmin olumlu ekonomik etkilerden daha da fazla yararlanmak icin turizm sektorunun ekonomicik anlamda performansinin yani Turizm gelirlerinin arttirilmasi gerekmektedir.
Abstract: Turizmin olumlu ekonomik etkilerden daha da fazla yararlanmak icin turizm sektorunun ekonomik anlamda performansinin yani turizm gelirlerinin arttirilmasi gerekmektedir. Turizm gelirlerinin arttirilabilmesi icinse turizm gelirlerini etkileyen faktorlerin iyi bir sekilde analiz edilmesi gerekir. Suphesiz ki turizm gelirlerini etkileyen bircok faktor (ekonomik, sosyal, teknolojik, demografik, cevresel vb.) bulunmaktadir. Ancak bu calismada sadece ekonomik faktorlerden biri olan reel doviz kurunun turizm gelirleri uzerindeki etkisi incelenmistir. Bu amacla, calismada 2000 ile 2012 yillari arasindaki aylik veriler kullanilarak Turkiye’de reel doviz kuru degiskeninin turizm gelirleri uzerindeki etkisi birim kok testleri, Frekans Dagilimi nedensellik ve Bootstrap tabanli Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testleriyle analiz edilmistir. Calisma sonucunda; reel doviz kurunun Turkiye’nin turizm gelirleri uzerinde etkili oldugu tespit edilmistir. Ayrica turizm gelirleri de reel doviz kurunu etkilemektedir.
TL;DR: The body of the women, its presentation and limits have always had connotative meanings, circumscribing their individuality within the identity of a nation as discussed by the authors, and these assumptions are also valid for the modernisation case in Turkey in which women represented a vast transformation toward a Western and secular society.
Abstract: For the peripheral modernisation projects, women have oftenly been the face of a rapidly modenising nation, shifting it from one civilisation to the other. The body of the women, its presentation and limits have always had connotative meanings, circumscribing their individuality within the identity of a nation. These assumptions are also valid for the modernisation case in Turkey in which women represented a vast transformation toward a Western and secular society. Granting of the suffrage rights was a historical moment in this process, referring to women becoming public personalities vested with political rights. Yet, this political process was also replete with a social and cultural background in which a new phase of neo-patriarchy endured. The aim of this article is to pursue the vestiges of this representation in the editorial cartoons of the era
TL;DR: In this paper, the representation of masculinity is critically analyzed, with reference to economical, political and cultural meanings that exist behind the visible content of the ads, and how these meanings are built and their relationship to the social.
Abstract: The world of meaning which is created by advertisements builds on representations, metaphors and discourse, and then is presented to receiver of the ads. The ads that are formed within a culture enable various cultural analyses. Masculinity is one of the codes that are represented in advertising. In this study, the representation of masculinity is critically analysed, with reference to economical, political and cultural meanings that exist behind the visible content. This study also references, how these meanings are built and their relationship to the social. Six advertisements from GQ and Men’s Health magazines were reviewed. Two of the ads had a very short text apart from the brand names, and the remaining ads were text-free, therefore analyses were based on a critical approach towards visual elements such as gaze, posture, touching and types of masculinity
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined three advertisements in which the characters of "Yalan Dunya" series take part and revealed the dominant ideological values of the consumption culture reproduced by using characters of television series in advertisements.
Abstract: Consumption culture is created to shape consumption-driven social values and life patterns of individuals. Especially advertisements and television series are of great importance for the reproduction of the values of consumption culture. In recent years, advertisements and television series are intertwined for the dissemination of the values of consumption culture to the community. Besides brand and product placement in television series, the frequent use of the characters of television series in advertising exemplifies this situation. The most important reason of this application in advertising is that local television series, which have been located on the main broadcast since 2000, have a high rate of traceability. Thus, the characters of television series, which have high rates of traceability and use the mythic values, have become a part of the daily life of audiences. Consequently, this led the characters of television series that have recently become the main element of popular culture to appear in advertisements. Accordingly, the main assumption of this study is that the television series and advertisements reproduce the dominant ideology by using the values of the consumption culture. In other words, the aim of the study is to reveal the dominant ideological values of the consumption culture reproduced by using the characters of television series in advertisements. In this context, three advertisements in which the characters of “Yalan Dunya” series take part are examined through semiotic analysis method within the scope of this study. In this study, "the steps of semiotic analysis for communication in "Semiotic Analysis Guide" by Seiler (2006) are applied for the semiotic analysis. In the conclusion of the study, it has been set forth that the dominant values of the consumption culture such as individualism, competition, hedonism, sexism, ostentation and status seeking are reproduced by the advertisements of different product categories (bank, nutrition and automobile) in which the characters of “Yalan Dunya” series figure
TL;DR: Ayrica et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a bilgi dissalliklari, yenilikci bilginin uretim surecine ve dolayisiyla da yeni bilgi yaratiminin maliyetine ortak olmayan firmalar uzerinde pozitif etkiler yaratmaktadir.
Abstract: Bilgi dissalliklari, firmalar arasindaki yeni ve yenilikci bilginin pozitif yayilma ciktilari olarak tanimlanmaktadir. Bilgi dissalliklari, yenilikci bilginin uretim surecine ve dolayisiyla da yeni bilgi yaratiminin maliyetine ortak olmayan firmalar uzerinde pozitif etkiler yaratmaktadir. Belli bir mekansal alanda odaklanmis firmalar arasindaki ag ekonomilerinin bilgi akisini hizlandirmasi nedeniyle ise bilgi dissalliklari, ozellikle bolgesel ekonomiler icin kritik oneme sahip olmaktadir. Bu calisma, Turkiye’de bolgeler itibariyle 1989 – 2008 zaman periyodunda bilgi dissalliklarinin varligini, ortaya cikan bilgi dissalliklarinin turlerini ve ekonomik etkilerini ampirik bulgular ile ortaya koymaktadir. Bu calismanin temel odak noktasi, yenilikci ciktilar uretmeleri ve dolayisiyla bilgi dissalliklari ureterek bolgesel ekonomileri etkilemeleri acisindan orta-yuksek ve yuksek teknolojili endustrilerdir. Bu baglamda ampirik bulgular, Turkiye’de dinamik bilgi dissalliklarinin static bilgi dissalliklarindan daha sik ortaya ciktigini ve bolgesel ekonomileri de genellikle pozitif etkilediklerini gostermektedir. Ayrica, Marshall – Arrow – Romer bilgi dissalliklarinin 2001 yili oncesinde bolgelerde en sik ortaya cikan bilgi dissalligi turu oldugu gozlenirken, 2001 sonrasinda Porter bilgi dissalliklarinin en sik gorulen bilgi dissalliklari haline geldigi tespit edilmistir
TL;DR: Agar et al. as discussed by the authors have published an amacla, calisma, alimlama cozumlemesi icin secilen GQ Turkiye dergisinin Agustos 2013 sayisinda yer alan metinleri ve okurlarin alimlamalarini co-lemektedir.
Abstract: Erkek dergileri ile ilgili izlerkitle arastirmalari, okurlarin dergi okuma pratigi hakkinda onemli bulgular saglamaktadir. Bu calisma, icerik ve haz diyalektigine odaklanan dergi metinlerinin ozellikleri ve gundelik yasamda yerlesik bir toplumsal pratik olarak dergi okuma pratigi arasindaki onemli benzerlikleri ve uyumu anlamlandirmayi amaclamaktadir. Bu amacla, calisma, alimlama cozumlemesi icin secilen GQ Turkiye dergisinin Agustos 2013 sayisinda yer alan metinleri ve okurlarin alimlamalarini cozumlemektedir. Metin cozumlemesi ve alimlama cozumlemesini birlestiren bir metodolojik yaklasimin benimsendigi bu calismada, dergi metinleri ile dergi okuma pratigi arasindaki iliski incelenmektedir. Dergi metinleri, okur-odakli metin cozumlemesi yontemiyle, izlerkitle alimlamalari ise, dergi okurlariyla gerceklestirilen anket calismasi ve derinlemesine gorusmelerle cozumlenmistir. Sonuc olarak, GQ Turkiye dergisinin metinsel ozellikleri ile okurlarin alimlamalari arasinda benzerlikler oldugu gorulmustur. Bu benzerliklerin nedeni hem GQ Turkiye dergisindeki iceriklerin populer bir nitelikte olmasi hem de okurlarin gundelik yasam pratiklerinin populer tarzda olusturulan iceriklerle ortusuyor olmasidir.
TL;DR: Bireyler and Ayrica as discussed by the authors used the term "baskalarinin varligi" to describe the difference between the two types of varligis and showed that the latter is more accurate than the former.
Abstract: Bireyler her gun farkli medya kanallarindan gonderilen binlerce mesaja maruz kalirlar ve bu mesajlari almak istemediklerinde kacinma davranisini benimserler. Ozellikle reklam kampanyasi planlama surecinin onemli bir unsuru olarak reklamdan kacinma konusu uzun zamandir reklam alaninda calisan akademisyenler icin onemli bir arastirma alani olmustur. Reklamdan kacinma uc boyutta gerceklesir: davranissal, mekanik ve bilissel. Birey, reklam suresince odayi terk edebilir (davranissal), kanali degistirebilir (mekanik) ya da reklami gozardi edebilir (bilissel). Reklamdan kacinma davranisini etkileyen bircok degisken arasinda bu calisma ozellikle “baskalarinin varligi” ile televizyon reklamlarina yonelik kacinma davranisi arasindaki iliskiyi incelemektedir. “Baskalarinin varligi” insanlarin reklamlari seyretmek yerine ailesi ya da arkadaslariyla iletisimde olma niyeti olarak aciklanabilir. Bu iliskiyi incelemek amaciyla kolayda orneklem yoluyla yuzyuze anket yapilarak veriler toplanmis ve regresyon ve korelasyon analizleriyle degiskenler arasindaki iliski incelenmistir. Elde edilen bulgulara gore televizyon reklamlarina yonelik kacinma davranisi ile “baskalarinin varligi” arasinda anlamli bir iliski vardir. Ayrica, “baskalarinin varligi” ile reklamdan kacinma boyutlari olan davranissal, mekanik ve bilissel kacinma arasinda da anlamli iliski bulunmasi onemli bir diger bulgudur
TL;DR: Adiyaman as mentioned in this paper used toplumsal kapasite, toplumun gelisme egilimini sorgulayan sosyolojik bir kavram dir.
Abstract: Toplumsal kapasite, bir toplumun gelisme egilimini sorgulayan sosyolojik bir kavramdir. Bu kavram cok faktorlu bir arac olarak ozelikle turizm potansiyelinden yeterince faydalanmak isteyen bolgeler acisindan onemli rol oynamaktadir. Arastirmanin amaci; turizm potansiyeline sahip olan Adiyaman’da yerel halkin bakis acisiyla toplumsal kapasitenin olculmesidir. Bu amacla, il merkezinde yasayan yore halkindan 458 kisiye yargisal ornekleme yoluyla anket uygulanmistir. Uygulama sonuclarina gore, yerel halk toplumsal kapasiteyi “yerel yonetim ve ortaklik”, “yerel yatirim”, genc nufusun adaptasyonu” ve “girisimcilik” olmak uzere dort faktorlu bir yapi olarak degerlendirmektedir. Yerel halkin genel itibariyle Adiyaman’in toplumsal kapasitesine (dort faktore iliskin) iliskin algilarinin dusuk duzeyde oldugunu soylemek mumkundur. Yerel halk ozellikle Adiyamanli is adamlarinin kentte gerekli yatirimlari yapmadigini, kentteki girisimci sayisinin yetersiz oldugunu, genclerin gelismesi icin kentteki egitim, spor gibi imkânlarin yeterli olmadigini ve genc nufusun yeterince desteklenmedigini dusunmektedir. Bu bulgular isiginda, Adiyaman turizminde gerekli ivmenin yakalanabilmesi icin son derece onemli olan toplumsal kapasitenin gelistirilmesine yonelik bazi oneriler sunulmustur.
TL;DR: Kuresellesme ile baslayan rekabet ortami, gelismekte olan ekonomilerin aile isletmelerinin nesilden nesile devirlerini daha da guclestirmistir.
Abstract: Kuresellesme ile baslayan yogun rekabet ortami, gelismekte olan ekonomilerin aile isletmelerinin nesilden nesile devirlerini daha da guclestirmistir. Bu nedenle, 1990’li yillarin sonlarindan itibaren gelismekte olan ekonomilerin bazi buyuk aile isletmeleri, temel kurumsallasma uygulamalari ile birlikte aile anayasalarini da hazirlama girisimlerinde bulunmuslardir. Once en buyuk isletmelerde baslayan bu girisimlerin, diger buyuk islemelerde de yayginlasmaya basladigi gozlemlenmektedir. Bu calismada, merkezleri Izmir’de bulunan uc buyuk aile isletmesinin 2001 yilinin ekonomik krizi sonrasi hazirlanan ve halen yururlukte olan ozgun aile anayasalari, isletme ismi verilmeden incelenmis, tartisilmis, karsilastirilmis ve ekonomik krizlerin bu anayasalar uzerindeki birtakim etkileri vurgulanmistir.