Showing papers in "Mycopathologia in 1968"
TL;DR: Results are described of the observation on the structure of germinating conidia and the process of appressorium formation in Colletotrichum lagenarium.
Abstract: On the electron microscopy of germinating fungal spores, HAWKER & ABBOTT (1963) observed the germination of sporangiospores of Rhizopus, and HAWKER & HENDY (1963) and BUCKLEY et al. (1966) examined the sections of germinating and ungerminating conidia of Botrytis cinema. In germinating conidia of Botrytis they found some structures which have not been observed before germination. When conidia of Botrytis germinate they elongate germ tubes considerably. In our experiments with Colletotrichum lagenarium, however, nearly all conidia (about 90 %) produced appressoria immediately after germination, and only about 10 °/o germinated by having distinct germ tubes. From various studies, there are abundant informations on the mechanism of appressorium formation, but we still lack definite theory as to its formation. In this paper the writers described results of our observation on the structure of germinating conidia and the process of appressorium formation. A grateful acknowledgement is made to Mr. M. FUKUTOMI for the technical advice and assistance given us, and to Dr. H. YASVMORI, Gunma Forest Experiment Station for providing us with the strain of the fungus used in this experiment.
24 citations
13 citations
TL;DR: Four basic nutrient types are described and discussed in special reference to the ratios between carbon source materials and nitrogen source materials, and it is suggested that a basic C:N ratio for such nutrient agars lies at about 9 or 12 to 1, that increasing this ratio tends to overenrich the culture thus encouraging the formation of intracellular or extracellular carbon-carrying compounds.
Abstract: Four basic nutrient types are described and discussed in special reference to the ratios between carbon source materials and nitrogen source materials. These include habitat, natural nutrients, semisynthetic nutrients and synthetic nutrients. Special emphasis is placed on the use of such nutrients in agar media for the primary isolation of fungi from various types of habitat materials such as soils and sewage.
13 citations
TL;DR: The experimental production of mycotic ulceration (in guinea pigs) is recorded for the first time and it is postulated that myCotic ulcers provide a primary lesion from which fungal elements are disseminated to other organs of the body.
Abstract: The experimental production of mycotic ulceration (in guinea pigs) is recorded for the first time. Prior or concurrent damage to the epithelium of the mucosal membrane appears to be necessary for the establishment of infection. Histologically, lesions produced were similar to those found in spontaneous cases in other animals. It is postulated that mycotic ulcers provide a primary lesion from which fungal elements are disseminated to other organs of the body.
11 citations
TL;DR: M. ajelloi, M. cookei, Chr. canis, isoles de facon sporadique, plus limites a l'agglomeration urbaine, semblent d'importation plus recente and non encore completement acclimates.
Abstract: Dans le cadre de la region lyonnaise: geographiquement tres diversifiee, nous avons etabli la dominance de 2 keratinophiles telluriques, leMicrosporon nanum et leMicrosporon gypseum. D'ecologies tres differentes, le premier est disperse en milieu citadin comme en milieu rural, en rase campagne comme a proximite des fermes et dans les formations geologiques les plus variees. Le deuxieme se localise surtout en bordure de l'axe fluvial Nord-Sud, couloir naturel d'importance economique et humaine. Zoophile, on le trouve egalement dans les lieux frequentes par les animaux. Le developpement considerable de ces 2 especes dans notre region parait indiquer leur implantation autochtone tres ancienne.M. ajelloi, M. cookei, M. canis, Chr. keratinophilum, isoles de facon sporadique, plus limites a l'agglomeration urbaine, semblent d'importation plus recente et non encore completement acclimates.
8 citations
TL;DR: The sera from normal subjects gave negative results with the following antigens used in the complement-fixation tests: 1) polysaccharide prepared according to Fava Netto's technic; 2) a filtrate of shaked cultures following Ajello et al.'s technics; 3) an aqueous extract of mechanically disrupted yeast cells ofP. brasiliensis.
Abstract: The sera from normal subjects gave negative results with the following antigens used in the complement-fixation tests: 1) polysaccharide prepared according toFava Netto's technic; 2) a filtrate of shaked cultures followingAjello et al.'s technic; 3) an aqueous extract of mechanically disrupted yeast cells ofP. brasiliensis.
6 citations
TL;DR: The form-genusPhaeoisariopsis, proposed byFerraris in 1909, is recognized and three new species are proposed for the genus: P. armillata, P. inornata, andP.
Abstract: The form-genusPhaeoisariopsis, proposed byFerraris in 1909, is recognized. Three new species are proposed for the genus:P. armillata, P. inornata, andP. sawada. A Latin description is included forP. tetrapanacis which was proposed without a Latin diagnosis byK. Sawada in 1943. Seven species have been removed from the genusIsariopsis and placed in the genusPhaeoisariopsis. The new combinations are:P. caespitosa, P. clavata, P. laxa, P. linderae, P. magnoliae, P. neoboutonia, andP. penicillata. The following four species were originally proposed for the genusPhaeoisariopsis byFerraris:P. griseola (type),P. grayana, P. mexicana, andP. pilosa. Phaeoisariopsis griseola is a valid species in the genus.P. grayana is excluded since it does not fit the generic description. No specimens ofP. mexicana have been found.P. pilosa is congeneric withPhragmographium ulmi, the type of the genusPhragmographium and, therefore, becomes the type of the genus.
5 citations
TL;DR: Under these conditions the conversion of the filamentous phase of the four strains into the yeast phase producing abundant microforms of about 1 µ of diameter is obtained.
Abstract: Se cultivaron 4 cepas autoctonas deP. brasiliensis en los medios liquidos siguientes: 1) medio con neopetona Difco dialisado deEvans K 2) caldo infusion de carne glucosado al 1 %; 3) caldo extracto de carne glucosado al 1 % y 4) medio de Sabouraud glucosado al 4 %, distribuidos en frascos de Erlenmeyer de 300 cc a razon de 150 ml cada uno e incubados a 28°C en un agitador mecanico de vaiven con un desplazamiento de 5 cm y a 90 ciclos por minuto. En estas condiciones se obtuvo, en todas las cepas, la transformacion de la fase filamentosa en levaduriforme o parasitaria con produccion de abundantes microformas de 1 µ, aproximadamente, de diametro.
2 citations
TL;DR: A variety of non-proliferating washed yeasts was screened by means of a method permitting the simultaneous assay of many enzymatic properties, which has proved valuable for obtaining quick informations concerning the properties of new isolates which aids in their classification.
Abstract: Mit einem Verfahren, das es gestattet, zahlreiche biochemische Leistungen nichtproliferierender Sprospilze gleichzeitig zu prufen, wurde das Verhalten von 46 Stammen 19 verschiedener Pilzarten gegenuber Glycosiden, org. Sauren, Fettsaure-, Phosphorsaure-, Schwefelsaureestern, Saureamiden, einigen Aminosauren und Nitrat gepruft. Ein Teil der Substrate erwies sich zur Differenzierung der untersuchten Sprospilze geeignet. Das bisher vorliegende Untersuchungsmaterial gestattet keine statistische Auswertung, sodas aus den Befunden keine Aussagen uber die Konstanz der einzelnen biochemischen Leistungen innerhalb einer Art gemacht werden konnen. Der mit dem Verfahren verbundene Gewinn an zusatzlicher Information uber biochemische Leistungen, die in komplexen Medien schlecht oder gar nicht nachgewiesen werden konnen, und der damit verbundene Zeitgewinn lassen es zur mykologischen Diagnostik geeignet erscheinen.
2 citations
TL;DR: The course of development of T. maculans since its entry into the host till the full development of spots together with its morphological characters have been investigated and discussed.
Abstract: The course of development ofT. maculans since its entry into the host till the full development of spots together with its morphological characters have been investigated and discussed.
2 citations
TL;DR: The conidiophores are straight and long or sometimes curved while the conidia are almost elliptical with an oval apex and a slightly pointed base.
Abstract: A new species ofCephalosporium has been described. The colony at maturity turns pink. The conidiophores are straight and long or sometimes curved while the conidia are almost elliptical with an oval apex and a slightly pointed base.
TL;DR: On the basis of critical comparative studies three new species of Phyllachora were recognized on four hosts whereas Ficus arnottiana was found to be a new host record for Phyllchora tandonii MITTER.
Abstract: Since the publications by TILAK (1958, 1959) and ANANTHANARAYANAN (1964a, 1964b, 1964c and 1964d) on Indian Phyllachoraceae the writer made several collections of these tar spot fungi in Maharashtra and Mysore States, mostly at high altitudes (2000-4000 ft.). This paper 9th in the series, presents three new species of Phyllachora on Ficus sp. and a new host record for Phyllachora tandonii MITTER. The characteristics of the genus described here agree with the normal pattern as originally defined by PETRAK (1924), ORTON (1924, 1944) and MILLER (1949) in respect of internal structure of the ascocarp. However, no conidiat association was observed in any of the species of Phyllachora described here as recently reported by PARBERRY & LA~GDON (1968). However, spermogonial association was seen in one of the species collected on Ficus tszakela BURM confirming the results obtained by MILLER (1949) a n d TILAK (1959). The review of the literature showed that there were only three species of Phyllachora reported on Ficus species form India, viz. Phyllachora tandonii MITTER on iPicus /aveolata WALL., P. repens on Ficus rdigiosa LIS~N. and on Ficus bengalensis L. and P. topographica SAcc. (Syn. Phyllachora caterevaria (BERK) SACC.) on Ficus species. The writer collected this genus on five additional species of Ficus viz. F. hispida ROXB., F. arnottiana MIQ., F. glomerata RoxB., F. tselia •oxB. and F. tszakela BuRM. On the basis of critical comparative studies three new species of Phyllachora were recognized on four hosts whereas Ficus arnottiana was found to be a new host record for Phyllachora tandonii MITTER.
TL;DR: A new fungus was isolated from the stomach of aRucervus eldi (Guthrie) which died less than 24 hrs after birth in the Paris Zoo, described as the new species Geotrichum pseudocandidum, differentiated from G. candidum by the fact that it does not assimilate mannitol.
Abstract: A new fungus was isolated from the stomach of aRucervus eldi (Guthrie) which died less than 24 hrs after birth in the Paris Zoo. It is described as the new speciesGeotrichum pseudocandidum. It can be differentiated fromG. candidum by the fact that it does not assimilate mannitol.
TL;DR: Perithecia produced abundantly on Potato-Sucrose-Agar and and Czapek's-Dox- agar medium, broadly" ovoid to ellipsoidal, sometimes almost spherical when young, olivaceous in the early stages, dark brown and membraneous when old.
Abstract: Perithecia produced abundantly on Potato-Sucrose-Agar and and Czapek's-Dox-Agar medium, broadly\" ovoid to ellipsoidal, sometimes almost spherical when young, olivaceous in the early stages, dark brown and membraneous when old, measuring 166.6-215.6×127.4--156.8#, with a pointed base from which a few hyaline rhizoids are produced fixing the perithecium to the substratum (]Fig. A). The perithecia are ornamented with thick, straight, septate, flexuous lateral setae, relatively few in number, tapering to a hyaline point at the apex, brown or brownish-black in colour about 3 4 ~ in diameter. Terminal hairs sparsely septate, wavy, dark rich olive-brown, broader at the base, gradually diminishing in diameter towards the apex, slightly less coloured at the tips measuring 1,9--3.9~ in diameter (Fig. B). Asci oblong, hyaline, clavate, 17--28 × 4.9--9.8 ,u in diameter, evanescent, (Fig. C). Ascospores hyaline when young rich olive brown, smooth, one celled, broadly ovoid, faintly apiculate at both ends measuring 5.8--6.8 x 3.9--4.9 ~ ir~ diameter (]Fig. D). Habitat: Isolated from rhizosphere of Vitis vini/era L., Hyderabad, A.P., India. Type culture deposited at the Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Kew, Surrey, England, No: (112029).