Showing papers in "Neurologic Clinics in 2002"

TL;DR: The neurologic manifestations of serum sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium disturbances are reviewed and neurological symptoms are generally functional rather than structural.

TL;DR: Sarcoidosis is multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown etiology as mentioned in this paper, which involves involvement of the mininges or the brain or spinal cord parenchyma.

TL;DR: Rapid advances in understanding of RS have opened new avenues of study in developmental neurobiology and the panorama of phenotypes with MECP2 mutations now extends far beyond RS to include normal girls and women, mild learning disability, autistic spectrum disorders, and X-linked mental retardation.

TL;DR: Inherited neuropathies are common and are usually caused by mutations in genes that are expressed by myelinating Schwann cells or neurons, which is the biological basis for long-standing distinction between primary demyelinating and axonal Neuropathies.

TL;DR: The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, Behcet's disease, Cogan's syndrome and relapsing polychondritis are reviewed from a neurological perspective with an emphasis on pathogenic mechanisms.

TL;DR: H reflexes and F waves have become integral parts of the electrodiagnostic examination in general, and nerve conduction studies in particular, by assessing the entire nerve segments including proximal portions of the motor and sensory axons.

TL;DR: The natural history, investigation, and treatment of pediatric arterial hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes and the use of anticoagulation and thrombolysis is discussed.

TL;DR: A good grasp of the anatomic, clinical and electromyographic myotomal charts is essential to localize radiculopathies to single (or more) root lesions.

TL;DR: Therapies for TSC and for NF1 are both medical and surgical, and skin findings for each are especially helpful for diagnosis, as is neuroimaging in TSC.

TL;DR: The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of polyarteritis nodosa, Kawasaki disease, hypersensitivity angiitides, Wegner's granulomatosis, temporal arteritis and Takayasu's arteritis are reviewed from a neurological perspective.

TL;DR: Among the various EDX study components, the sensory NCS are the most useful for brachial plexus element localization, and the motor NCS and NEE often overcome this drawback and, regardless of sensory N CS findings, are always performed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the essential components of the electrodiagnostic study, including amplitude, duration, area, latency, and conduction velocity, which are diagnostic components of nerve conduction studies.

TL;DR: Key pieces of information obtained from the needle EMG examination include the localization of the disorder, its chronicity, severity, and whether or not the underlying pathophysiology is neuropathic, myopathic, or associated with a neuromuscular junction disorder.

TL;DR: The recognition that much of the neuropathologic change induced by bacterial meningitis is inflammation mediated has paved the way to the demonstration that dexamethasone can substantially improve the outcome of bacterialMeningitis in children.

TL;DR: The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a large group of clinically similar disorders as mentioned in this paper, where axonal degeneration at the ends of the longest motor (corticospinal tract) and sensory (dorsal column fibers) in the spinal cord.

TL;DR: The next steps may be to identify and understand the relationship of modifier genes producing the phenotypic heterogeneity of many of these diseases and to characterize those and other targets for therapeutic intervention, whether by gene therapy or by pharmacological treatment.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the role of atrial fibrillation and its role as independent risk factors for stroke and management implications based on recent evidence, along with characterization of schemes for antithrombotic management of patients with atrial Fibrillation.

TL;DR: The neuromuscular disorders associated with many endocrine disturbances varies and some of these disturbances are mild, and others are severe and life threatening.

TL;DR: Current knowledge regarding the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of neurotransmitters and their metabolites is summarized.

TL;DR: Historical studies of the neurologic complications of acute uremia, now fairly uncommon, and recent literature regarding neurologic side effects associated with dialysis and renal transplantation are included.

TL;DR: The clinical features of paraneoplastic disorders, the current evidence for autoimmunity, and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment are summarized.

TL;DR: The presurgical evaluation should result in a clear understanding of whether surgery can be undertaken and its associated risks and potential for benefit.

TL;DR: Electrodiagnostic testing is obtained and recognition of the pattern of EMG findings in light of the clinical and laboratory features should narrow the differential diagnosis and dictate the next steps in the evaluation.

TL;DR: How suppression of the host immune status modifies the presentation and diagnosis of selected CNS infections and the recommended treatment for these infections are discussed.

TL;DR: By performing a thorough history and physical examination in conjunction with findings on electrodiagnostic studies, a rational and limited differential diagnosis may be generated so that a targeted and cost effective investigation may be performed.

TL;DR: A dramatic decline in the number of infants born HIV-1 infected has been realized as has a markedly improved survival rate of those infected, as well as the potential for neurologic complications, toxicities, and adverse drug interactions.

TL;DR: The common pathogens causing intrauterine infections are described and the current status of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention is summarized.

TL;DR: The clinician is advised to seek more current information that may be available through on-line databases and other sources to properly diagnose and assess the recurrence risk of these malformations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the scope of the EMG studies, preparation of patient, referral process and recommended procedures are discussed, and the report generation is a major function of the electromyographer, including tabulated nerve conduction studies and needle EMG findings along with brief history, summary of findings, and impression.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of abnormal ventilation on the nervous system are discussed, where the authors deal with the effect of abnormal ventilations on the respiratory and central nervous systems.