Showing papers in "Personality and Individual Differences in 1982"

TL;DR: In this article, a detailed analysis of the psychometric nature of racial and social class differences on the original 13 subscales of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) was performed, and the profiles of subtest scores of whites and blacks were compared directly and also after the racial groups were statistically equated on Full Scale IQ (FSIQ).

TL;DR: This article examined the susceptibility of self-report measures to response set bias and found that subjects who faked good had significantly higher Extraversion, Lie and Social Desirability scores but lowest Neuroticism, Psychoticism and Social Anxiety scores.

TL;DR: Hong Kong adults scored higher on Psychoticism and Social Desirability and lower on Extraversion than the British while children from Hong Kong scored lower on extraversion and Neuroticism but higher on social desire than their British counterparts.

TL;DR: Results provide unequivocal support for the relationship between human individual differences and properties of the nervous system postulated by Pavlov and it also confirms the neurophysiological underpinning of Eysenck's influential theory of human personality.

TL;DR: The analysis of the affect balance scale using a representative national British sample (N = 932) confirms Bradburn's (1969) two-dimensional model of psychological well-being as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was administered to 173 male prison inmates for whom reliable assessments of psychopathy were available as mentioned in this paper, and it was found that psychopathy was significantly correlated with the Psychoticism (P) scale (r = 0.16), but not with the Extraversion (E) or Neuroticism (N) scales.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors found that extraversion was positively correlated with the latency of the auditory brainstem evoked response (BER) at 75, 80 and 85 dB of intensity, and that extraverts also tended to display longer latency for wave V than introverts to high frequency, 80-dB tone bursts and to click stimuli at intensity levels which ranged from 55 to 85 dB.

TL;DR: In this paper, a confirmatory factor analytic approach was used to evaluate Spielberger's 4-factor hypothesis and the results indicated that the factors identified in exploratory analysis by Spielberger and his colleagues accounted for the data quite well.

TL;DR: In this article, various grades of athletes (265 male and 134 female) were administered the German version of the EPQ, and the entire group was characterized by being more extraverted and less neurotic.

TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive series of analyses were carried out on a sample of data from 491 undergraduate university students who completed Form A of Cattell's 16PF questionnaire, and the data was item analysed, factored using both principal component and image analyses, and radial parcelled.

TL;DR: In this paper, the A-State and A-Trait scales of Spielberger's state-trait anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) were administered to a total of 1786 kindergarten, 1st-, 2nd-, 3rd-and 4th-grade disadvantaged black children.

TL;DR: In this article, a battery composed of both single and dual tasks was presented to 91 Ss. Two sets of scores, primary and secondary, were obtained from the competing tasks, and the results indicated that ''single'' and ''primary'' scores are basically measuring the same thing but that ''secondary'' scores measure what is perhaps a time-sharing factor.

TL;DR: Data suggested that high N, high P and low E in men were related to the Clinical Alcohol Personality, and whilst raised N scores may be a spurious artefact which is a consequence of heavy alcohol consumption, the E and P findings may reflect stable predispositions.

TL;DR: In this paper, a control group of 85 children were tested on the WPPSI at 5 1 2 years and the WISC-R at 16 1/2 years, and the Full Scale IQ on the two tests intercorrelated +0.86.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define the discussed dimensions as temperament, to be understood as a product of biological evolution, shaped under the influence of the surroundings, in contradistinction to personality, which is treated by most psychologists as a result of interaction with the social environment.

TL;DR: For example, the authors found that the level of sensation seeking of children is related to their activities and preferences as well as their exposure to a variety of experiences, such as puzzles, pictures, responses, foods, mazes and behaviors.

TL;DR: In this article, the transmission characteristics or time constants of thalamic and cortical neuron populations of the diffuse thalamocortical system (DTS) can be evaluated in human subjects.

TL;DR: The authors explored some of the psychological determinants of electrodermal responses to deception and found that participants found that a particular question may elicit a disturbance for a number of reasons related to previous conditioning, guilt, embarrassment and ambivalence over how to answer the question.

TL;DR: In this article, the frontal CNV recorded from 12 extraverted and 12 introverted smokers was analysed under simple and choice foreperiod conditions during sham and real smoking sessions, and the results showed that smoking produced an increase in central negativity in extraverts, and a decrease in parietal positivity in introverts.

TL;DR: In this paper, a biobehavioral theory to encompass biological-hormonal spacing effects and dominance as well as other intra-familial behaviors was proposed, and it was found that in the 2-child families eldest children were less cooperative than younger, that those reporting dominance by another sibling were higher in state anxiety and this also applied to the younger of the pair.

TL;DR: The authors investigated the effect of individual differences in response to uncontrollable outcomes which are not taken into account by the current theories of learned helplessness, and further, that these may be mediated by characteristics of the actual task employed.

TL;DR: The authors found that both psychoticism and social desirability are related to situation selection in meaningful and predictable ways, in a large group of subjects with high and low neurotic scores.

TL;DR: In this article, the predictive validity of the EPQ scales with regard to future offending was examined and the results suggested that both the junior and adult form P and C scales have validity in predicting future offending.

TL;DR: In this paper, male and female Canadian undergraduate students identified as extraverts or introverts on the basis of the Eysenck Personality Inventory were administered a questionnaire measuring attitude towards Capital Punishment.

TL;DR: Initial validation of a mental- health locus of control scale was provided by a study demonstrating that psychotic patients were more external in their perceived locu of control than were a nonpsychotic patient comparison group.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented results demonstrating that the purported factors of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) did not emerge in a sample of 191 undergraduates.