Polar Science 

TL;DR: Although Antarctic sea ice is undergoing a slight increase in overall extent, major regional changes are occurring in its spatio-temporal characteristics (most notably in sea ice seasonality) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a synthesis of the latest observational trends and projections for the future of the Arctic, showing that even limiting global temperature increases to near 2°C will leave the Arctic a much different environment by mid-century with less snow and sea ice, melted permafrost, altered ecosystems, and a projected annual mean Arctic temperature increase of +4°C.

TL;DR: Calibration of these phylogenies suggests that several clades have an ancient evolutionary history within the Antarctic continent, possibly dating back to 330 Ma, which is in linewith the current view on the origin of Antarctic terrestrial metazoa.

TL;DR: New evidence has been obtained indicating that long-term persistence and regional isolation is a feature of the Antarctic terrestrial biota whose generality has not previously been appreciated, which opens important new cross-disciplinary linkages in the field of understanding the geological and glaciological history of the continent itself.

TL;DR: In this article, communities of algae and cyanobacteria on two glaciers in west Greenland were analyzed and compared with the aim of explaining why the Qaanaaq Glacier has a dark-colored surface in satellite images.