Showing papers in "Resources Policy in 1977"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors look at the ecpnomic basis of the tin agreements and at the policy of the International Tin Council (ITC) during the years 1956-1976, and consider the future role of export controls and the possibility of indexing the agreements to take into account inflation.

TL;DR: Although the earth's crust contains vast quantities of metals, extraction technologies and associated costs are inextricably bound to three fundamental geological factors (i.e., the amount of metal available in the crust in each range of grades, the mineralogical form and chemical state of the metals, and the spatial distribution of the metal) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a lognormal distribution of the grade and size of metal deposits is used to estimate the proportion of the potential uranium reserve available at or below a given production cost, which can be expressed as a function of the average deposit size and the unit exploration expenditure.

TL;DR: In this article, the concentration of minerals in the crust forms a continuous distribution between the higher grade reserves mined as ore and the low-grade background mineralization of waste rock, and a lognormal distribution could be generated by a mineralization process compatible with the theory of plate tectonics.

TL;DR: This paper reviewed the major problems that confronted the committee set up by the Solid Waste Management Board of the state of California to prepare a background report and recommend alternative methods for reducing solid waste generation.

TL;DR: The authors reviewed the issues and problems which have arisen since May 1976, following the fourth meeting of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and concluded that the prospects for agreement between the developing countries in the Group of 77 and the industrialized West are slight unless there is substantial modification of position by either side.

TL;DR: In this paper, a definition of real or opportunity costs in resource extraction as compared to money costs, some economics of secondary materials and recycling; energy resources; and a demonstration of the effect of exponential growth in resource use on the time to resource exhaustion.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the ideological basis of views held on the resources question in the USSR and the role resources planning will play in the eventual triumph of socialism, concluding that shortages caused by the system will aggravate the contradictions inherent in capitalism and hasten its downfall.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline the problems related to the exploitation and allocation of undersea resources and discuss the potential solutions under international law to solve the problem of international conflict in this area.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the long-run behavior of primary commodity prices relative to the price of manufactures (the terms of trade) and measures of export earnings instability, and the importance of world primary commodity trade both for the developed countries as major importers and exporters.

TL;DR: Turner and Grace as mentioned in this paper examined the question of whether buffer stock agencies will have any such associated external benefits, and argued that benefits are positive, but are not of the magnitude implied in previous studies.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative merits of production cuts and buffer stocks as measures for market stabilisation in mineral commodity markets were compared and the authors concluded that under certain conditions producers may gain by building up buffer stocks at times of relatively low demand.

TL;DR: This paper studied the effect of tax laws on a country's mineral resource development by comparing trends in mineral exploration in various provinces with adjoining regions, and by comparing these results with firm behaviour that would be expected from microeconomic analysis.

TL;DR: The authors surveys several interrelated issues in resource depletion from an economist's perspective, in particular, whether the articles of faith of the conservation movement are borne out by economic theory and available empirical evidence.

TL;DR: Although Brazil is well endowed with natural resources, some of these resources are unexploited due to poor communications and political instability as mentioned in this paper, and the authors review present government policy and the situation with regard to oil and gas, iron ore, manganese and steel and other minerals, and conclude that Brazil has a bright economic future.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that there has been insufficient analysis of long-term forecasting methods for resource demand at national level, compared with the attention devoted to supply factors, and suggest several important issues which need to be understood about the nature of demand projection and its pitfalls.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors tried to forecast future world demand for lead, by deriving a relationship between the amount consumed per capita and the level of economic development, and then using this to generate world demand figures based on some predictions of future economic growth.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a futures study which looked at the long term supply of raw materials and resources for Sweden and concluded that there are unlikely to be any physical limits to growth over the next 25 years or so but that there may well be political obstacles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors look at the materials information systems used by the US government in its general relationship to the goal of providing the decision maker, at the time of his decision, with a full, acute, and accurate awareness of the varying consequences of his options.

TL;DR: In this article, a predictive model for the world tungsten economy, disregarding short-term speculative activity, is presented, which provides a framework for exploring investment and optimal pricing policies and stabilizing mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an economic justification for extramarket intervention in the markets for secondary materials and briefly discuss the possible impacts of futures trading on the cash market for a commodity.

TL;DR: In this article, an alternative way of setting up resource recovery centers to the broad, high technology approach currently under review is proposed, which starts at the other end, with small components, and builds towards a recovery system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the plans for natural resources embodied in the USSR's 10th five year plan, 1975-1980 and found that problems of capital and manpower have forced the USSR to curtail the very ambitious resources programmes which were mooted in the early 1960s Foreign investment is seen as one possible means of raising production and agreements have been signed with Western companies for over 50 development projects.

TL;DR: Ferrous and non-ferrous metal-bearing scrap and waste arisings in the UK are discussed in this article, with information on the quantities arising, their locations, the amounts recycled and the quantities of metal lost to the economy.