Showing papers in "Review of General Psychology in 1998"
TL;DR: The emerging field of emotion regulation studies how individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express them as mentioned in this paper, and characterizes emotion in terms of response tendencies.
Abstract: The emerging field of emotion regulation studies how individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express them. This review takes an evolutionary perspective and characterizes emotion in terms of response tendencies. Emotion regulation is denned and distinguished from coping, mood regulation, defense, and affect regulation. In the increasingly specialized discipline of psychology, the field of emotion regulation cuts across traditional boundaries and provides common ground. According to a process model of emotion regulation, emotion may be regulated at five points in the emotion generative process: (a) selection of the situation, (b) modification of the situation, (c) deployment of attention, (d) change of cognitions, and (e) modulation of responses. The field of emotion regulation promises new insights into age-old questions about how people manage their emotions.
6,835 citations
TL;DR: Confirmation bias, as the term is typically used in the psychological literature, connotes the seeking or interpreting of evidence in ways that are partial to existing beliefs, expectations, or a h...
Abstract: Confirmation bias, as the term is typically used in the psychological literature, connotes the seeking or interpreting of evidence in ways that are partial to existing beliefs, expectations, or a h...
5,214 citations
TL;DR: A new model is advanced to describe the form and function of a subset of positive emotions, including joy, interest, contentment, and love, that serve to broaden an individual's momentary thought–action repertoire, which in turn has the effect of building that individual's physical, intellectual, and social resources.
Abstract: This article opens by noting that positive emotions do not fit existing models of emotions. Consequently, a new model is advanced to describe the form and function of a subset of positive emotions, including joy, interest, contentment, and love. This new model posits that these positive emotions serve to broaden an individual's momentary thought-action repertoire, which in turn has the effect of building that individual's physical, intellectual, and social resources. Empirical evidence to support this broadenand-build model of positive emotions is reviewed, and implications for emotion regulation and health promotion are discussed. Even though research on emotions has this new perspective are featured. My hope is flourished in recent years, investigations that that this article will unlock scientific curiosity expressly target positive emotions remain few and far between. Any review of the psychological literature on emotions will show that psychologists have typically favored negative emotions in theory building and hypothesis testing. In so doing, psychologists have inadvertently marginalized the emotions, such as joy, about positive emotions, not only to test the ideas presented here, but also to build other new models that might illuminate the nature and value of positive emotions. Psychology sorely needs more studies on positive emotions, not simply to level the uneven knowledge bases between negative and positive emotions, but interest, contentment, and love, that share a more critically, to guide applications and pleasant subjective feel. To date, then, psychology's knowledge base regarding positive emotions is so thin that satisfying answers to the question "What good are positive emotions?" have yet to be articulated. This is unfortunate. Experiences of positive emotion are central to human nature and contribute richly to the quality of people's lives (Diener & Larsen,
5,198 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a balance theory of wisdom, including philosophical, implicit theoretical, and explicit theoretical ones, and review some alternative approaches to wisdom including implicit theoretical approaches and implicit theoretical ones.
Abstract: The author presents a balance theory of wisdom. First, some alternative approaches to wisdom are reviewed, including philosophical, implicit theoretical, and explicit theoretical ones. Second, the ...
757 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline relations between the social functions of emotion and four psychological disorders, i.e., depression, anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation, and conclude that emotion function and emotional disorders complement one another.
Abstract: The studies of emotion function and emotional disorders complement one another. In this article, the authors outline relations between the social functions of emotion and four psychological disorde...
701 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a framework for the organization of affective processes, including the affective traits, moods, and emotions, is presented, based on the levels-of-analysis approach.
Abstract: This article presents a framework for the organization of affective processes, including the affective traits, moods, and emotions. Section 1 introduces the levels-of-analysis approach, defines the...
485 citations
TL;DR: The discipline of science is relatively well established in philosophy, history, and sociology as mentioned in this paper, and psychology of science, by contrast, is a late bloomer but has recently shown signs of codific...
Abstract: Disciplines that study science are relatively well established in philosophy, history, and sociology. Psychology of science, by comparison, is a late bloomer but has recently shown signs of codific...
187 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for understanding aesthetic experience with special reference to the natural environment is presented, which entails two broad perspectives, from a functional per se and from a conceptual per se.
Abstract: This article presents a framework for understanding aesthetic experience, with special reference to the natural environment. The framework entails 2 broad perspectives. First, from a functional per...
105 citations
TL;DR: The authors integrated research on memory beliefs across adulthood with related constructs in social cognition, addressing the issue of how respondents formulate their memory beliefs and how they formulate their social cognition in a survey.
Abstract: Few attempts have been made to integrate research on memory beliefs across adulthood with related constructs in social cognition. This article addresses the issue of how respondents formulate answe...
93 citations
TL;DR: Experimental research examining the clinical concept of transference (S. Freud, 1912/1958; H. S. Sullivan, 1953) using a social-cognitive model has demonstrated that mental representations of signi...
Abstract: Experimental research examining the clinical concept of transference (S. Freud, 1912/1958; H. S. Sullivan, 1953) using a social–cognitive model has demonstrated that mental representations of signi...
74 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, three social-cognitive models are presented as alternatives to dissociation theories of hypnotic involuntariness, where people are seen as intentionally enacting responses without being aware of their intentions.
Abstract: Three social–cognitive models are presented as alternatives to dissociation theories of hypnotic involuntariness. In Model I, people are seen as intentionally enacting responses without being aware...
TL;DR: In this article, the Review of General Psychology presents a review of the review of general psycholinguistics, focusing on the effects of emotional processes on a wide range of mental and physical systems, which makes them difficult to understand from a single perspective.
Abstract: Emotional processes influence a wide range of mental and physical systems, which makes them difficult to understand from a single perspective. In this special issue of the Review of General Psychol...
TL;DR: This article found that errors are often logically consistent and rule-based rather than being random, and that investigating errors presents an opportunistic opportunity to reveal about the mathematical mind of a person.
Abstract: What do errors reveal about the mathematical mind? Intriguingly, errors are often logically consistent and rule based rather than being random. Investigating errors, therefore, presents an opportun...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that administrators must sometimes choose between a less delayed but ultimately less valued outcome (impulsiveness) and a more delayed and more valuable outcome (self-control).
Abstract: Administrators must sometimes choose between a less delayed but ultimately less valued outcome (impulsiveness) and a more delayed but ultimately more valued outcome (self-control) Which choice is
TL;DR: The reformulated learned helplessness theory posits depressogenic explanatory style (DES) as a vulnerability factor in depression, and early life adversity has been suggested as the source of DES as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The reformulated learned helplessness theory posits depressogenic explanatory style (DES) as a vulnerability factor in depression. Early-life adversity has been suggested as the source of DES, but ...