Showing papers in "RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics in 2017"
TL;DR: Larina et al. as discussed by the authors explored the speech act of refusal in British English and Russian and investigated British and Russian refusal strategies from the perspective of cross-cultural communication, finding similarities and differences between the ways of refusing requests, offers and invitations in different social contexts in two languages and cultures.
Abstract: He article explores the speech act of refusal in British English and Russian and investigates British and Russian refusal strategies from the perspective of cross-cultural communication. The study aims to find similarities and differences between the ways of refusing requests, offers and invitations in different social contexts in two languages and cultures. It was conducted with the implementation of Speech Act Theo-ry (Austin 1962, Searle 1969, Searle & Vandervken 1985), Politeness Theory (Brown and Levinson 1987, Leech 1983, 2014, Larina and Leech 2014, Watts 2003), and the Theory of Cultural Scripts (Wierzbicka 1991/2003). The modified version of the Discourse Completion Test (DCT) developed by Beebe et al. (1990) was used for data collection. The study has revealed both quantitative and qualitative differences in refusal strategies which exist due to cultural differences, culture-specific politeness strategies and Communicative Styles (Larina 2015, Larina, Mustajoki, Protassova 2017). It has found that the Russians use more direct strategies than the British and are more taciturn and laconic. The British do more face-work to mitigate their refusal, they use both negative and positive strategies with higher regularity and are more voluble. The knowledge of communicative differences in refusal as well as in other speech acts is necessary for the acquisition and development of pragmatic competence of L2 English learners and successful intercul-tural communication.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined some distinctive characteristics of popular English neologisms and their actualization in everyday communication of native speakers of the English language, and made an attempt to reveal the underlying causes of current changes and propose an interpretation of the results received.
Abstract: The article focuses on analysis of nominative processes and lexical change occurring in Eng-lish at the present stage of language development. Lexical system, being the most flexible and accessible, constantly evolves with the development of society embracing new lexical means and thus reflecting current social trends. New recently coined English words are the object of this article. The material included neologisms which have been added to oxford online dictionaries since 2010. Most of these lexical units have been selected for Oxford Word of the Year shortlists, compiled on the basis of their frequent use and significance in a particular year. A brief review of theoretical approaches to studying neologisms and the factors influencing their coinage is accompanied by comparative studies of statistical data conducted by linguists in late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This paper examines some distinctive characteristics of popular English neologisms and their actualization in everyday communication of native speakers of the English language. The research consisted of two stages: analytical, which included lexical analysis of neologisms, and interactive presenting an informant survey. A number of generalized thematic groups / functioning spheres have been identified in the semantic aspect during the initial stage. The degree of actual usage of these linguistic units by native English speakers has been determined in the survey of informants. The analysis of survey results has been performed and the attitude of native speakers to new and emerging words has been considered. An attempt has been made to reveal the underlying causes of the current changes and to propose an interpretation of the results received.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, positive evaluative speech acts: praise and approval, the most common in Russian-speaking pedagogical discourse, are investigated from a pragmatic, propositional points of view; approval contains in its propositional structure such a component as an argument of evaluation that does not exist in the structure of statements of praise.
Abstract: Positively evaluative speech acts: praise and approval, the most common in the Russian-speaking pedagogical discourse, are investigated in this article. Similarities and differences of praise and approval are viewed here from a pragmatic, propositional points of view; approval contains in its propositional structure such a component as an argument of evaluation that does not exist in the structure of statements of praise. These two speech acts differ according to the parameters of intensity/non-intensity, emotionality/lack of emotionality, objectivity/subjectivity. Statements of praise and approval, homogeneous and heterogeneous, in sense of intention, are revealed, heterogeneous speech acts of praise are complicated by additional intentions of recommendations, advice, edification, criticism. The main features of the language representation of the analyzed speech acts are identified in this work. Direct speech acts of praise and approval are expressed by predicate of general and specific evaluation of intellectual and ethical character. Praise and approval may have a performative expression using verbs praise and approve. The statements of praise, approval may also have a short and full form.
3 citations
TL;DR: This conceptual paper explores English as a lingua franca of the supranational translational EU culture by determining translational specificities of EU institutional-legal texts through a synoptic-interpretative approach.
Abstract: This conceptual paper explores English as a lingua franca of the supranational translational EU culture by determining translational specificities of EU institutional-legal texts. Set against a specific linguistic and translational background, the problems of equivalence, terminological (in-)congruence, nature of the source text and institutionalization of translation are discussed in order to draw attention to the particularities of the EU’s translational practice. Using a synoptic-interpretative approach, different ways of understanding EU discourse and translation are suggested in the paper.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the phenomenon of language consciousness in the Republic of Tatarstan using data of psycholinguistic (associative) experiment held with the Tatar bilingual.
Abstract: The article analyzes the phenomenon of “regional language consciousness” relying on data of psycholinguistic (associative) experiment held with the Tatar bilingual, residing in the Republic of Tatarstan. The experimental data are compared with the materials of the regional Russian associative dictionary (EVRAS) to determine the similarities and differences in the content of the image of “power” in the language consciousness of the respondents - the Tatar and the Russian. Based on the materials of the pilot study conducted in 2015, we outline the prospective for the analysis of “regional language consciousness” taking into account ethnic factors, language, bilingualism, and region of residence. One of the possible ways of presenting the results is a semantic image of relevant structured semantic areas and subareas in accordance with the characteristics of the data and the general objectives of the research project.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered strategies for translating the verbal component as an integral part of the creolized text of a political caricature and proposed a method to translate the verbal components from French and Arabic into Russian in combination with visual and paralinguistic components of the caricature.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of translating the verbal component of the creolized text. The study was conducted on the basis of the Arabic and French languages. The author considers strate-gies for translating the verbal component as an integral part of the creolized text of a political caricature. The object of research of the proposed work is the text of a political caricature. The subject of the article is the peculiarities of translating the verbal component from French and Arabic into Russian in combination with visual and paralinguistic components of the caricature. The relevance of the proposed work is related, on the one hand, to the general linguistic interest in the typology of creolized texts and, on the other, to the lack of comparative studies in the scientific tradition on the basis of the French and Arab political cari-catures. The methodological base of the scientific article is the work of researchers of the creolized text as a special sign system having an integrative communicative effect, E.E. Anisimova, Yu.A. Sorokin, E.F. Tarasov, and linguists, dealing with the problems of theory and tactics of translation, L.S. Barkhudarov, V.N. Komissarov, A.P. Parshin, Ya.I. Retsker. The study was conducted on the basis of more than 100 cari-catures in the Arabic and French languages devoted to political events and political leaders of Algeria, Egypt, Russia, Syria, the United States and France.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the linguistic features specific means of Russia's image making in modern TV advertising and use traditional language resources like phraseology, folklore, metaphors, etc.
Abstract: The article is devoted to description of the linguistic features specific means of Russia’s image making in modern TV advertising. Linguistic issue of the image is to study the concept, distinguish it from certain closely related concepts and also to use a variety of linguistic means of influence on the mass audience which involved in the formation of the country’s image. The article used the traditional descriptive method based on direct observation of the linguistic material. From this point of view well-formed Russia’s image will help to strengthen its world position. Positive image created in the media fixed and stereotyped in advertising. Specificity of advertising of domestic products is the use of traditional language resources like phraseology, folklore, metaphors, etc.
3 citations
TL;DR: The article is devoted to the communicative field of blogs in their stylistic, genre and dis-course aspects because the urgency of the work is due to the fact that the theory of internet-communicational doesn’t emphasize blog as a separate genre with its own characteristics.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the communicative field of blogs in their stylistic, genre and dis-course aspects. The urgency of the work is due to the fact that the theory of internet-communicational doesn’t emphasize blog as a separate genre with its own characteristics. The target of research is blog-discourse as a computer-mediated communicative medium, and the scope of research is blog as a macro-genre. The linguist do not separate the blog from other communicative internet-genres, though a new sphere in the internet-communication had been already developed - the studies of virtual genres. The Definition of the blog-genre is complicated by the manysidedness of the internet-blog and by the variety of its study methods. Blog is always a macro-genre of the internet-communication, and a separate publication in blog, named post or posting, forms micro-genres of a blog. And only a diary-blog exists as a macro-genre and has no posts micro-genres. As well as one blog can contain several micro-genres, what is yet more proof that any classification is roughening the true correlation of targets of research. Blogs can also be a medium for building a social network as one of the internet-communication systems and one of the essential parts of the modern internet-discourse.
3 citations
TL;DR: The authors discusses the communicative situation of complimentary utterances from the angle of the speech acts theory and special attention is given to the cognitive grounds of the phenomenon under discussion and to its display in communicative acts.
Abstract: The article discusses the communicative situation of complimentary utterances from the angle of the speech acts theory. Cognitive aspects of such utterances are being discussed. The analogy between intentional states and speech acts is shown. Special attention is given to the cognitive grounds of the phenomenon under discussion and to its display in communicative acts. It is also shown how communicators can manipulate with the help of compliments.
2 citations
TL;DR: The ways Vladimir Nabokov portrayed people are analyzed through the prism of the writer's bilingualism as discussed by the authors, and the means used to reach the adequacy and equivalence of translation by applying comparative method and method of semantic analysis.
Abstract: The ways Vladimir Nabokov portrays people are analysed through the prism of the writer’s bilingualism. The research is based on the writer`s autobiographic memoirs «Conclusive Evidence / Другие берега» and his novel «Камера обскура»/ «Laughter in the Dark». The study aims to highlight the means used to reach the adequacy and equivalence of translation by applying comparative method and method of semantic analysis. The study confirms the hypothesis that Vladimir Nabokov’s bilingualism and synesthesia are closely interconnected, shape his linguistic and cultural worldview and influence the strategies and tools he applies when translating his own texts.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss a problem of film naming and focus on the film title as a specific naming unit, that is a visual-and-semantic center of a polycode text, connecting multiple codes presented by storylines, ideological and philosophical content, genre characteristics, visuals and sound.
Abstract: The article discusses a problem of film naming and focuses on the film title as a specific naming unit, that is a visual-and-semantic center of a polycode text, connecting multiple codes presented by storylines, ideological and philosophical content, genre characteristics, visuals and sound. The main features of titles as headlines are characterized by integrity and connectivity, they are implement the author's intention. The titles usually comply with the story, idea, philosophy and style of the film, reflect the content and artistic conception. They should be comprehensible, succinct, intriguing, designing as soon as they should be attractive for the target audience. Besides the nominative (nomination and identification), communicative, informative and aesthetic functions, which are common for all headlines, film titles perform the functions of anticipation and attraction, as well as advertising and pragmatic functions. Film titles become important instrument for lfilm providers, since modern cinema overlaps with commercial discourse: the movie is created not only as a piece of art, but also as a market product. Dealing with a foreign movie, film providers face new challenges since the film title should be targeted at the audience of different background. Violating one of these conditions may cause infelicity or translation fails.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the foregrounding devices in Olzhas Suleymenov's poetry which are determined by the poet's natural translinguocultural thinking and bilingual consciousness.
Abstract: The article investigates the foregrounding devices in Olzhas Suleymenov’s poetry which are determined by the poet’s natural translinguocultural thinking and bilingual consciousness. Generally, different types of linguistic deviation actualised in O. Suleymenov’s works aim to produce the foregrounding effect in creating the Russian-language poetic text under the influence of his native Kazakh language. The two types of linguocultural reflection of reality in the text of a translingual poet - subconscious and special (intentional) are being analysed. The merging of Kazakh and Russian cultural factors in O. Suleyme-nov’s poetry is viewed as an integration of different images, concepts and values expressed by means of the Russian language. The complex semantic-stylistic analysis of foregrounding devices is carried out using the verse (“Айтыс”) which is initially charged by the Kazakh cultural images and values. By analogy with the Kazakh figurative expression «Иттің баласы» (“Son of a dog”) the author creates his own individ-ual expression «Сын волка» (“Son of a wolf”). Following from this the intertextual basis of the verse is being analyzed: according to the Turkic mythology, Sky wolf Kokbori is considered to be an ancestor of the Turks, so a wolf is traditionally associated with the first mother of all the Turkic people. The use of this kind of foregrounding devices in the text shows that various knowledge structures about ethnic images and cul-tural values tend to be activated in the process of the author’s creative interpretation of sociocultural reality.
TL;DR: In the research work hyponym-hyperonym relationship is presented as the leading factor of the thesaurus construction of the studied genre and the researcher justifies the thesis that theSaurus way of knowledge systematization is given in thesauruses of different branches.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the construction of the thesaurus of fairy-tale genre within the framework of fiction of A.S. Pushkin “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Golden Fish”. In this connection texts’ corpus (in Russian, English and Armenian) is studied. The researcher justifies the thesis that thesaurus way of knowledge systematization is given in thesauruses of different branches. They are important for specific information-searching systems where the knowledge representation is equivalent to terminological systematization in the definite subject area. In the research work hyponym-hyperonym relationship is presented as the leading factor of the thesaurus construction of the studied genre.
TL;DR: In this article, the functioning of the creolized texts published on the cover of the British political and economic magazine The Spectator is discussed, and the author discusses their peculiarities conditioned by the magazine format.
Abstract: The article deals with the functioning of the creolized texts published on the cover of the British political and economic magazine. The author discusses their peculiarities conditioned by the magazine format. One obvious peculiarity is that, unlike that on the newspaper front page, the magazine-cover creolized text is distanced from the leader with which it goes. Another peculiarity is that its verbal, non-verbal components and their representative fragments are regularty used on the Contents page and with the cover story. A third peculiarity is that it integrates in it the announcement of a special report. As a re-sult it appears in the capacity of both an integrated and integrating entity. The peculiarities ensure surplus encoding, visualize connection between the creolized text and the cover story, help find and identify that story, organize communication making this process comfortable.
TL;DR: The author proposes to distinguish between borrowed words in Russian and Chinese languages ac-cording to the ways of their borrowing (phonetic, semantic, graphic) and to give a single definition of the term “loan word” in both languages that will be useful for further comparative studies of this object.
Abstract: This article examines the history of the study of loanwords in Chinese and Russian linguistic tradition. The object of research is modern Chinese and Russian languages. Subject of research - the con-cept of borrowed words. Material of the research was theoretical work by Russian and Chinese linguists, dictionaries Russian and Chinese languages. The author proposes to distinguish between borrowed words in Russian and Chinese languages ac-cording to the ways of their borrowing (phonetic, semantic, graphic) and on this basis to give a single definition of the term “loan word” in both languages that will be useful for further comparative studies of this object. In conclusion, the author proposes a definition, which takes into account the graphical borrowed words that are on the periphery of studies of borrowed lexical units.
TL;DR: The authors compare between Standard Arabic and Standard English in terms of their word-order patterns of simple sentences and find that they share at least some general linguistic features at all levels: phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatics.
Abstract: It is sociolinguistically acknowledged that humans are uniquely distinct from other living species due to the fact that they communicate with one another through the use of a particular human language. Furthermore, the number of human languages that exist worldwide is huge. Unsurprisingly, languages can be similar or different form one another as well as the main aims of each language. Standard Arabic and Standard English languages, for instance, are distinct from one another but at the same time they are alike. Explicitly, the two languages are originally different from one another (one Semitic while the other German) but they do share at least some general linguistic features at all levels: phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatics’ level. In this research paper, fields which are closely connected to the linguistic analysis and comparison of languages known as Contrastive Analysis, Comparative Linguistics and Universal Grammar will be referred to in comparing between Standard Arabic and Standard English in terms of their word-order patterns of simple sentences.
TL;DR: The intention in writing this article is to trace the omplicated interconnection between the meaning of an English idiom and the mean of a phrase which is considered to be its prototype that can be defined according to A.V. Kunin's classification as speech, language, outlanguage or mixed.
Abstract: The article deals with the question of influence of a phraseological image upon the for-mation of a phraseological meaning in English idioms. The problem posed here is actual as it is caused by a rising interest in modern linguistics to the study of secondary nomination in different languages which is connected with peculiarities of people's verbal thinking and world outlook. The subject of our investigation is the English phraseological units with a fully or partially transferred meaning. The object of our exploration is their semantic peculiarities defined by their motivation or demo-tivation for linguistic and extra-linguistic reasons. The method of the inquiry presupposes to go through a brief survey of some historical facts connected with the origin of English idioms. Our intention in writing this article is to trace the сomplicated interconnection between the meaning of an English idiom and the meaning of a phrase which is considered to be its prototype that can be defined according to A.V. Kunin’s classification as speech, language, outlanguage or mixed. At the level of analysis it is possible to demonstrate the fact that though the metaphor on which the given idioms are based is “darkened”, the expressiveness of such phrases is not a bit less than in idioms with “transparent” metaphors which are felt clearly motivated. On the example of English set phrases an attempt is made to show the way language means reflect the information about the national character in its complexity and variety.
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the definition of "love" based on the lexico-semantic aspect presented in the lyrics and letters of A.K. Tolstoy is presented.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the definition of “Love” based on the lexico-semantic aspect presented in the lyrics and letters of A.K. Tolstoy. The author investigates the lexemes included in the lexical semantic fields “Love”, “Time”, “Space”, revealing the semantic changes in their semantic structure which occur under the influence of the contextual environment. The lexico-semantic expression of the “chronotope of love” in the analyzed texts of the letters actualizes the local-temporal seme in the structure of lexemes that are not related to the semantics of space and time, which leads to the semantic variety of the A.K. Tolstoy’s epistolary. The representation of the philosophical category “Love” in the poet’s letters is compared with the lexical-semantic expression of this concept in the author’s poetry. The com-parison is made with the help of the dictionary article “Love” from the poetic vocabulary of A.K. Tolstoy’s language, which is currently under development, is used. The comparative analysis allows us to determine the relation of the main philosophical constants “time”, “space”, “movement” to the concepts of “love” and “God”, which are the semantic basis of texts of the letters and poetic works of A.K. Tolstoy. Such a study allows us to determine the range of the main lexical representatives of the “love chronotope” in the consid-ered fragment of the writer’s work, which details the linguistic picture of the author’s world and reveals the worldview of the elite language personality.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the modern Basque toponymy, outline its space and boundaries, and consider its current state in Spain in the light of contacts with the Spanish language applying the methods of onomastic and linguocultural research.
Abstract: The Basque language (euskera) is an isolate language spoken by about one million people in northeast Spain and southwest France. According to the most common version about its origin the Basque language is of Aquitanian origin. The aim of this article - to study the modern Basque toponymy, to outline its space and boundaries, to consider its current state in Spain in the light of contacts with the Spanish language applying the methods of onomastic and linguocultural research. An important feature of modern Basque toponymy in Spain is the existence of double names (Basque and Spanish), reflecting the centuries-old contacts of the Basque and Spanish languages. Double names are in the process of standardization in the framework of state policy, and the unification of the literary standard Basque language (euskara batua). Language consciousness of modern Basque population preserves the original Basque toponymy as an essential part of national heritage, although in some cases the Spanish toponyms are preferred to the Basque ones (Bilbao, not Bilbo, for example).
TL;DR: Linguists argue if code-switching is always moti-vated or are bilinguals influenced by the language factors.
Abstract: Linguists have recently started to explore code switching as a separate aspect. It can be more thoroughly traced in the speech of the bilinguals - people who can operate both languages equally and choose one of them in a suitable situation. However, linguists argue if code-switching is always moti-vated or are bilinguals influenced by the language factors.
TL;DR: The investigation is the analysis of modern initial abbreviations in Russian, English and German languages functioning in a city landscape environment, documentation and Internet-communication and characteristic for sociocultural environments are revealed.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the analysis of the modern processes of word-formation - abbreviation. The purpose of the investigation is the analysis of modern initial abbreviations in Russian, English and German languages functioning in a city landscape environment, documentation and Internet-communication. As a result of the analysis tendencies, characteristic for sociocultural environments are revealed, efficiency of “a principle of the least amount of efforts” by G. Zipf is checked, new prominent features of formation and functioning initial abbreviations in each of examined languages on a material of the sample received by the author are revealed; the opportunity of identification and deployment of abbreviations in an source word-combination is checked.
TL;DR: The different views on the availability of UG principles in language acquisition of adult second language learners are discussed, and some of the evidence for or against each position is summarized.
Abstract: This paper discusses the different views on the availability of UG principles in language acquisition of adult second language learners, and summarizes some of the evidence for or against each position. One important issue in current language acquisition research is whether the acquisition of a second language is fundamentally different from that of the first language. Researchers approaching second language acquisition (SLA) from the linguistic perspective often relate this issue to the availability of Universal Grammar to second language acquisition. Universal Grammar (UG) refers to a grammar which is genetically endowed to all human beings and which all languages have in common.
TL;DR: This article used idioms as a major component of native-like correspondence, empowering a language learner to comprehend the thoughts, feelings and perspectives of the speakers of a target language, thus, learning idioms provides learners a good opportunity to get data about the basic parameters of a language.
Abstract: Nowadays, human communication is considered to be one of the most important topics occupying the minds of linguists, anthropologists, psychologists, and philosophers. Since it is the most important means for communication among human beings, the relation between language, history, culture, worldview and their mutual interactions have high significance. The inextricable connection highlights different indications of conventionalized language including the idiomatic expressions as one of the important and pervasive language uses reflecting culture in real life. Like different sorts of figurative language, idioms give off an impression of being the common decoders of traditions, social convictions, social traditions, and standards. Idioms, as a major component of native-like correspondence, empower a language learner to comprehend the thoughts, feelings and perspectives of the speakers of target language. Therefore, learning idioms provides learners a good opportunity to get data about the basic parameters of a language.
TL;DR: In this paper, the author proves that concept is not a form of an idea, the concept is an associative mental entity, activated in the forms of the thinking activity, and that the scale and the form of the verbal realization of the concept can vary from a word to the text and vice versa.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the terms and process of concept emergence, the means of their verbal realization (expression). The author proves that concept is not a form of an idea, the concept is an associative mental entity, activated in the forms of the thinking activity. There is a certain conceptual part in different forms of verbalization idea (conclusion, judgement, idea). The emergence of a conceptual part starts with the cognitive activity, which consists of categorization stage, conceptualization stage and verbal realization as the final stage. In the presence of some discursive terms this process is always reciprocal, i.e. the final stage of our cognitive activity is our verbal realization of the concept and the final stage of our verbal realization of the concept is our cognitive activity. The author states that the scale and the form of the verbal realization of the concept can vary from a word to the text and vice versa.
TL;DR: This article studied the structural and semantic characteristics of eponymic terms in English scientific sub-language of Sociology and found that these terms exhibit substantial diversity concerning their onim components; they are motivated through the combination of encyclopedic knowledge of the phenomenon, represented by the onim, and the semantics of derivational morphemes or appellative components.
Abstract: The article is devoted to eponymic terms in English scientific sublanguage of Sociology, which has not yet received sufficient coverage in terminological studies. Although their number is relatively small, eponymic terms of Sociology display a number of specific characteristics that make them interesting to study. The article centers upon their structural and semantic characteristics as well as their cultural specificity. The author comes to conclusion that these terms exhibit substantial diversity concerning their onim components; they are motivated through the combination of encyclopedic knowledge of the phenomenon, represented by the onim, and the semantics of derivational morphemes or appellative components. Linguocultural analysis showed that many of the English eponymic terms of Sociology are culture-specific in relation to American culture.
TL;DR: The work on the Basque Atlas as discussed by the authors has been carried out under the auspices of the Bilbao Language Academy (Bilbao / Bayonne) since 1980s.
Abstract: This article represents the results of the work over the Basque Atlas carried out under the auspices of the Basque Language Academy (Bilbao / Bayonne). The text contains a detailed description of the material collecting method, the goals and objectives of this work. The article shows that the need for this kind of dictionary is currents but for a number of reasons, that are analyzed in the presentation, this project could not be realized until 1980-s. The work on the atlas are lasting up to the present moment. The atlas reflects language variability at different levels of its structure (lexical, phonetic / phonological, mor-phological and syntactic). The article analyzes variants of the Basque language, depicts the processes of creating a single language standard, explains the reasons for choosing a certain idiom which serves the basis to the standard. The author shows that, in spite of very special provisions of the Basque language as isolate type of language, from the point of view of genetic typologies, it has something in common as for the lexical forms motivation with its neighboring languages.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discussed the necessity of vast sociocultural context knowledge by a trans-lator: both foreign and own, and brought about necessity of encyclopedic commentary on comperative basis with reconing recepient's of literary text native culture.
Abstract: The article discusses some problems of translation as one of cross-cultural communication forms. In the article there are mainly stressed necessity of vast sociocultural context knowledge by a trans-lator: both foreign and own. Simultaneously in some cases there are brought about necessity of encyclopedic commentary on comperative basis with reconing recepient's of literary text native culture. The author denies as well significance of attempt of obligatory equivalents finding in translator’s language. In the article there are given some examples of literary text by famous writers fragments translation in English with following encyclopedic analysis. Translation activities are analyzed in close connection with language as mean of cross-cultural communication teaching and called upon to solve the problems how in a proper way to eliminate obstacles in the situation of different languages and cultures interaction.