Showing papers in "Scientific Electronic Archives in 2019"

Nitrogen input strategies in pastures: mineral fertilizer, bacterial inoculant and consortium with forage peanuts

Abstract: Brazil is a prominent country in the production of beef cattle, where pastures are the basis for ruminant feed, because it is the most economical and practical form of food supply. Nitrogen is the main nutrient for maintaining and increasing the productivity of forage grasses, but its application is one of the most costly and greenhouse gas emitting practices for the system. The introduction of this element into the soil-plant-animal complex can be directly, with mineral fertilizers and with other alternatives, for example, through symbiosis of plants with atmospheric nitrogen fixing bacteria and plant growth promoting bacteria. Owing to future climate changes and increasing food demand, plant and animal production systems need to be increasingly competitive, responsible and efficient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to discuss nitrogen supply strategies in pastures: nitrogen fertilization, inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and consortium with forage peanuts.

Best queens of Apis mellifera are obtained using minor dilution levels of royal jelly and lower age : a review

Abstract: Honey production in the country has grown over years donate, but this still occupied intermediate position in the global context, since the country has excellent conditions for apiculture. Among the main factors that determine the low efficiency in the activity stands out the management of queen exchange. And this management most often is not practiced by Brazilian beekeepers. The main substance needed for the production of queen bees is royal jelly (GR), as this is the only food for the larvae, however, this product is difficult to be produced in large quantities. Thus researchers have sought a way to minimize the costs of the development and production of the colonies. The use of royal jelly dilution method has shown good results. However dilution levels should be adequate, they can ensure success or failure in the production of queens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of different levels in the dilution of royal jelly in the feeding of Apis mellifera larvae of different ages for queen production. underage larvae have higher acceptance rate in the grafting process, and greater weight of the queen to emerge. transferring larvae within 24 hours after hatching is recommended. As the concentration of royal jelly, it is recommended to dilute it with up to 25% of diluent. Other factors such as climate variables, the domes position, time of year and handicraft producer at the time of transfer can influence the efficiency of management.

Development and stability study of products containing cupuaçu butter

Abstract: The Amazon region is responsible for much of Brazil’s native fruit biodiversity. In this context, stands out the cupuacu ( Theobroma grandiflorum ( Wild. Ex Spreng.) K. Schum.), a fruit tree whose fruit has a seed with high fat content and nutritional value, besides antioxidant and moisturizing activities. The present research aimed to use the cupuacu butter in the development of shampoo and emulsion formulations, evaluating their stability and the antioxidant activity of the emulsion. The butter was extracted from cupuacu pulping byproducts by the ultrasound assisted extraction method, and was used to formulate four shampoos (I, II, III and IV) and emulsions containing 3% and 5% of cupuacu butter. All formulations had their organoleptic characteristics (color, odor and appearance) and physicochemical parameters (pH determination, viscosity, conductivity and centrifugation) analyzed, as well as the evaluation of shampoo density, foam persistence and refractive index and spreadability and potencial antioxidant activity of the emulsion. The stability of the formulations was evaluated by monitoring the organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics by the preliminary and accelerated stability tests. Shampoo formulations I and II showed lower than expected viscosity during the preliminary stability test and were discarded. After accelerated stability, formulation IV had a change in its appearance while formulation III was satisfactory in the other parameters, only presenting a decrease in the viscosity values, allowing the addition of a new thickening agent. Emulsions showed values within the standards in all evaluations and were stable during stability tests. The spreadability of the butter-containing emulsions was higher than the control emulsion, implying that the addition of the butter provides ease of application. Emulsions showed low antioxidant activity as they are produced with processing byproducts, but allowing the addition of smaller amounts of synthetic antioxidants to the formulation. Thus, the use of cupuacu butter obtained from pulping byproducts has been shown to be applicable in the development of different formulations of commercial interest such as shampoos and emulsions.

Does Allium sativum L. tolerate water deficit

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect on the physiological and biochemical aspects of garlic submitted to water deficit, knowing that the popular garlic Allium sativum L. is a culture known worldwide for its medicinal, culinary and ecological properties of agricultural pests. were constituted with water condition of 100; 75; 50 and 25% of pot capacity (CP). Three bulbs were planted per pot (5 L) containing Plantmax® substrate, irrigated every two days, according to pot capacity. The chlorophyll index was evaluated during the first and last week of greenhouse treatments. At 45 days after the treatments, the garlic plants were harvested to evaluate the physiological and biochemical parameters. Garlic plants showed to be sensitive to water deficit, resulting in lower leaf length and fresh biomass. Water stress induced the activity of the APX enzyme in the leaves and of the POD in the roots, as well as increase of proteins in the bulbilhos as biochemical mechanisms of adaptation.

Stratification in the adjustment of hypsometric relationship models in forest fragment

Abstract: The objective of this study was to find a hypsometric relationship model capable of estimating the height of trees in unequal forest fragment, testing the efficiency of stratification by species, ecological group and diametric class. In the unequal forest fragment (2.2 ha) belonging to the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica / RJ, a census was carried out, botanical identification of trees with a diameter ≥ 5 cm, being this variable measured, as well as their respective height total. The data were stratified into ecological group, species and diametric class, and then ten traditional models of hypsometric relation were adjusted for the general database and for each stratum. The significance of the models was evaluated by the F test and the t test, with 95% probability. Trends of the estimates were verified with graphical analysis of the residues, being also observed the coefficient of determination (R 2 aj .) and standard error of the estimate in percentage (S yx %). By means of the regression parameters, the Graybill models identity test was subsidized. The Trorey model was chosen and it was observed that the stratification by species and ecological group made the adjustment more efficient. Stratification in diametric class showed no gain.

Macroscopic analyses and evaluation of environmental quality in urban springs of Divinópolis-MG

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the environmental quality of the springs in the urban area of Divinopolis/MG, searching for identifying the main causes of negative impact, the level of interference and quantification of macroscopic parameter. Therefore, the environmental impact on the springs were evaluated from the interpretation of the Indice de Impacto Ambiental em Nascentes – IIAN (Index of Environmental Impact on Springs – IEIS). 22 springs were analyzed, being two of them were impossible to be evaluated due to burying. In general, the results showed that the springs found themselves in an advanced environmental degradation, being, most of them, in conservation classes as follows: “Bad” (n=12) and “very bad” (n=4). The other ones were considered “good” (n=1) and “reasonable” (n=3). None of them were considered “Great”. It was observed that the lack of protection in the springs area (n=20), the short distance from houses (n=18) and vegetation degradation (n=18) were the main checked parameters. Such results highlight the lack of environmental care and lack of inspection in these springs, making necessary a intervention in these sources, making its recovery and conservation possible.

Profile of the self-medication of undergraduate students in the health area from higher education institution in Sinop-MT

Abstract: The present study had the objective of evaluating the self-medication in graduates of the health area. The cross-sectional study consisted of 244 health professionals, of which 110 (45%) were Pharmacy, 71 (29%) Nursing and 63 (25%) Medicine, aged between 17 and 51 years. Of these, 183 (75%) were women, 214 (87%) were unmarried and 161 (66%) had no private health insurance. Regarding the use of drugs, 97% declared self-medication, with 78% claiming to be a simple health problem. The use of analgesics and antipyretics was reported in 84% of the interviewees, followed by autoregressive anti-inflammatory drugs (58%). Headache was the main cause of the use of nonprescription medication (84%). Among the interviewees, 70% were influenced by family members, neighbors and friends practicing self-medication. However, 63% reported receiving counseling at the time of purchase. Of the professional guidelines, 71% were by a pharmacist, being the dosage (dose and schedule) the main orientation received. Of the 183 women, 58% used contraception, and only 21% did not receive medical advice. Self-medication among college students at Sinop - MT is high, but they are similar to those reported in other studies. However, there was an expectation of a lower consumption because it was health students.

Factors that may interfere in the success of fixed time artificial insemination (TFAI) in pig production

Abstract: In an intensive system such as modern pig farming, one of the main objectives of reproductive biotechniques is to allow genetic improvement. Besides this, it also allows to reduce the necessary labor requirements in the production system, optimizing the handling in a natural way. Thus, other goals can be achieved, like reducing costs with breeding or inseminating doses and also with materials needed in some processes during production. Finally, the objective is also to increase the productivity, but its maintenance becomes satisfactory since the other objectives, mainly in relation to the diffusion of genetic material and the reduction of costs, the use of these biotechniques becomes feasible according to your progress. Thus, the objective of this review was to address the main causes that may lead to failure to implement TFAI in reproductive programs, from an approach that considers terms related to the industrial sectors, in order to bring producers closer to reality of a increasingly professional and competitive production and creation system.

Retal touch examination: the nurses professional role in prostate cancer prevention

Abstract: This research aimed to broaden the knowledge of the academic community about the challenges of this neoplasm and to identify the scientific evidence on the role of nurses in strategies for adherence/educational actions to the preventive exam of prostate cancer. This is a qualitative, exploratory, literature review, based on the question: How can nurses contribute to adherence strategies in relation to rectal examination for prostate cancer diagnosis? The results showed that nurses have a significant role in preventive actions and adherence in relation to the rectal examination, and that there should be campaigns to deconstruct ideas linked to the myth that rectal touch hurts the masculinity of men.

Performance of agricultural substrates in the production of lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.)

Abstract: The production of seedlings for transplanting is one of the most important stage to successful lettuce cultivation. Among the techniques practiced to obtain seedlings of vegetables, stands out using agricultural substrates associated with the cultivation trays. The experimental setup design was in completely randomized with 5 treatments and 6 repetitions.The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, where were evaluated five commercial substrates (TropstratoHT®, Vivatto Slim Plus®, Tecnomax® , Holambra HS® and Bianchi Power) for the development of lettuce seedlings cv. Lucy Brown. Analyzes were performed to quantify the physical and chemical characteristics of the substrate. It was evaluated Fresh mass of shoots and roots, total fresh mass, dry mass of shoots and roots, total dry mass, stalk diameter, leaf area and leaf number. The results showed that among evaluated substrates, Bianchi Power ® showed be more efficient to seedling lettuce production by influence on the growth and development

Insects and agroecosystems: A review

Abstract: The Agroecosystem can be characterized as the natural ecosystem that is undergoing modifications by the human being, with the purpose of serving as a work unit and agricultural production. However, the exacerbated use of synthetic products and the inadequate management of natural resources can cause several imbalances to the system. In the same proportion in which agricultural production expands gradually, the cases of agricultural pests are also raised in the different agricultural crops, gaining even prominence in recent years. It is important to emphasize that in addition to the increase in pressure with herbivorous insects, some insects considered beneficial to the productive systems, such as biological control agents, soil organisms and pollinators, are also affected precisely by the management Agricultural practices in Agroecosystems. The objective of the present work is to explain in the form of bibliographic review the main concepts involved in agroecosystems, sustainable agriculture and insects associated with productive systems.

Nitrogen released from soybean crop in the performance of off season maize

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Nitrogen (N), released from the soybean straw, on the variables of vegetative growth and grain yield of off season maize. The maize hybrid 2B688 PW ® was sowed on 02/26/2014, on the straw of a previous soybean experiment, seeded in October 2013, at the experimental area of the UFMT, campus Sinop-MT. The experimental design was randomized block with four replicates and a 2x8 factorial scheme. The first factor was the soybean cultivars (TMG 133 RR and TMG 1188 RR) and the second factor was the management of the soybean crop with different forms and doses of inoculant, plus a control and a treatment with the application of 200 kg of mineral N. The vegetative growth variables and grain yield were assessed. The variables of vegetative growth were not altered by the management of inoculation/fertilization with mineral N or the soybean cultivar used as the previous crop. The grain yield was affected by the soybean cultivar and the interaction of cultivar and treatments carried out on the soybean previous cultivated. The grain yield was higher with the use of the TMG 1188 RR cultivar and inoculation in the seed by peat inoculant.

Nutritional performance of different soybean cultivars submitted to low temperature storage conditions

Abstract: Soybean ( Glycine max L. ) is the Brazilian agricultural crop that has grown the most in the last three decades and corresponds to 49% of the area planted in grains of the country. Increased productivity is associated with technological advances, management and efficiency of producers. Grain is an essential component in the manufacture of animal feed and with increasing use in human food is in rapid growth. The present work had the objective of evaluating the maintenance of the nutritional properties of conventional and transgenic soybean in a controlled and uncontrolled environment. The parameters used in the nutritional evaluation, before and after storage were water content; ashes; crude protein; crude fiber and oil content. The experimental design was completely randomized in subdivided plots, with three replications. The results showed that the controlled environment was effective in preserving the nutritional indexes of the product. The conventional cultivars also presented better performance when compared to the transgenic cultivar, if they were more suitable for their use as feed.

Patients’ perception in hospital environment: a look at nursing care in perioperative period based on Jean Watson conceptions

Abstract: “Care” can be characterized as being the nursing “essence”, it involves recuperation and health promotion through attitudes that go far beyond providing assistance, they involve care, support, zeal and patience, mainly in hospital environment during perioperative period. This study aims to show patients` perception about nursing care in perioperative period, based on Jean Watson`s theory in a hospital in the West region of Santa Catarina. Explanatory and descriptive method with qualitative approach was used on this research and a semistructured interview with guiding questions was applied. Eight patients in perioperative period, respecting inclusion and exclusion criteria, participated on this research. Data was collected in the second semester of 2016, between months of September and October, and Bardin method was used to analyze this data. From the analysis, three chapters were created with the most frequent themes from the interview. The results obtained show that patients realize nursing care in a satisfactory way during perioperative period, however it`s hard for them to distinguish the professional nurse from the nurse technician, confusing their respective actions, but they notice care, in general, in a positive way.

A comprehensive study of the polypropylene fibers reinforced conventional concrete

Abstract: The aim of this study was to study of the properties and characterization of conventional concrete and reinforced concrete with polypropylene fiber. Themes were theoretically addressed: concrete, composites, fibers, polypropylene fibers. In addition, practical tests were carried out, with test specimens of these two materials, of compressive strength, water absorption and heat resistance, to verify the differences in the properties of these two materials. The tests were completed and it can be noted that the application of the polypropylene fiber in the concrete as reinforcement for the concrete is satisfactory, because the water absorption test obtained similar results for the two materials, and performing the test of resistance to compression, it was observed that the test specimens with fiber, obtained better results than the conventional concrete. Finally, the heat resistance test showed that the fiber actually degrades in the temperature range informed by the supplier, being another advantage for its application in tunnels, in front of the fires.

Environmental factors, phenology and nutrition: a technical review on the impacts in soybean culture

Abstract: Considered one of the oldest leguminous used by humanity, soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) originate in China and have numerous applications in animal and human food, due to their high protein and oil content, satisfactory. The soy complex moves the economy of several countries with employment and income generation. The variation of environmental factors, such as temperature, photoperiod and humidity, influence the growth and consequently the grain production of the crop, so the study of phenology addressing the relationships between climatic factors, seasonal changes and the development cycle is of sum nutrients at the right dose and phase, for proper nutrition and high crop yields.

Biocontrol of anthracnose on yellow passion fruits by antagonic bacteria to plant pathogens

Abstract: – In this study was evaluated the efficacy of the bacterial strains: BB-4 ( Bacillus cereus GC, subgroup B), BS-2 ( Photorhabdus luminescens ), BB- 1 ( Bacillus alcalophilus ), BS-5 ( B. cereus GC, subgroup B), BB-5 ( Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ), BB-6 ( Yersinia bercovieri ) and BS-6 ( P. luminescens ) on the control of anthracnose in yellow passion fruit, on antagonism tests and fruits tests under laboratory conditions. The plant pathogen was grown in Petri dishes containing BDA medium for 15 days and the bacterial strains were multiplied in AN medium for two days at 28°C. In passion fruits test, a wound was performed at a depth of 2 mm, followed by spraying with a suspension containing a bacterial antagonist strain (10 8 cfu. mL -1 ). On the wound, a BDA disc with 4 mm in diameter completely colonized by the pathogen and maintenance for 7 days (25oC, high RU% and 12 hours of photoperiod) until the evaluation of diameter of lesions. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized (9 treatments and 4 replications). The data were submitted to variance analysis and Tukey test (5%). In antagonism test, only BS-5 ( B. cereus GC, Subgroup B) and BS-2 ( P. luminescens ) strains did not inhibit the mycelial growth of the pathogen. The other strains were efficient in inhibition, with levels ranging from 35% to 53%, highlighting the strains BB-4 ( B. cereus GC. Sub group B), BS-3 ( P. luminescens ) and BB-4 ( S. maltophilia ), with 52.5%, 52.5% and 53.3% of control, respectively. In the fruit test, BS-2 ( P. luminescens ), BS-5 ( B. cereus GC, Subgroup B), BB-1 ( B. alcalophilus ), BS-3 ( P. luminescens ) and BB-6 ( Y. bercovieri ) inhibited the development of the pathogen, with control levels varying between 23.4% and 43.6%, with emphasis on BB-1 ( B. alcalophilus ) and BS-3 ( P. luminescens ), with 43.6% of control, indicating potential of use on the biocontrol of anthracnose on passion fruits.

Comparison of the growth of promastigotes cellular lineages of Leishmania amazonensis by the sequential adaptation of Schneider's insect for RPMI 1640 medium culture.

Abstract: Leishmaniases are neglected zoonoses transmitted by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania . Because of this, research is being developed to find new drugs, for effective treatment, making it necessary to use liquid culture media to promote the growth of promastigotes forms of Leishmania . We sought to compare cell growth in an initial culture medium of 100% Schneider's Insect to a final culture medium containing 100% RPMI 1640, to reduce the cost of research, since RPMI is more accessible. The parasites were first cultivated in 100% Schneider's Insect medium, with a maximum number of 2.012x10⁸ cells/mL, which were transferred, with an appropriate methodology, to media with lower concentrations of Schneider, with a maximum number of 2.35x10⁷cells/mL for the lower concentration of Schneider. The 50%Schneider/50%RPMI concentration cells showed excellent cell motility and viability; however, in concentrations <50%Schneider, motility was compromised and, in 100%RPMI, the cells entered in the phase of decline. With correct handling and constant repikes, the Leishmania amazonensis strains can adapt to the RPMI 1640 culture medium without much interference in its cellular viability, maintaining the morphological characteristics, even after exhaustive nutrient replacements and metabolites removal by centrifugation.

Influence of pastoral systems on Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) and the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin

Abstract: The influence of Urochloa brizantha (variety Marandu) grazing systems on Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) and the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) was studied to understand the benefits of integrated systems in pest management. The pastoral systems studied were: (M) monoculture, (SP) silvopastoral and (ICLF). We assessed the number, per square meter, of alive spittlebug nymphs or infected by M. anisopliae as well as the demanded number of entomopathogen sprays in each pasture system to control the pest. Throughout the experiment period, M. spectabilis was the unique species found. Silvopastoral had a higher number of alive nymphs and a lower percentage of the infected nymphs compared to pasture in monoculture; however, in both systems, only one spray of M. anisopliae was enough to keep the pest below its threshold. In agrosilvopastoral system, there was no spittlebugs infestation, consequently, none sprays was demanded. Thus, intensified production systems such ICLF may be more sustainable, considering pest aspects.

Effect of maturation stage of the embryo and the presence of the seed coat in seed germination and development of mango cv Bourbon

Abstract: The mango is a tropical fruit, very popular, featuring a hard seed coat surrounding the seed which the period of viability is very short. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maturation stage of the embryo and the presence or absence of the coat in the germination of mango, cv. Bourbon. We used a randomized design in a 4x2 factorial scheme totaling eight treatments in four replicates. The first factor examined was the stage of seed maturation (V - green, DV - "instead of" M - Mature and P - past). The second factor, with two levels, was the presence (TC) or absence of the tegument (ST). The experimental plot consisted of 10 seeds, 1 seed per plastic bag. We evaluated 50 days after sowing, germination (%), leaf area (cm2), stem diameter (cm), plant height (cm) and dry weight of shoot and root (g). It was found that no influence of the treatments on seed germination. The coat removal led to an increase in all vegetative characteristics for seeds DV, M and P, V except that the embryos were still in training. For the parameters stem diameter, leaf area and dry weight of roots and shoots no significant difference between treatments PCT, PST, MST and DVST, which were superior to others. Regarding the germination treatments DVST and MST, both with 85%, were statistically superior to others. As for the plant height was no significant difference between treatment means.

Water social technologies: case study of the cistern project in a school in the municipality of Barbalha, Ceará

Abstract: Rainfall in the regions of the northeastern semiarid region presents a poor spatial and temporal distribution. Thus, to minimize the effects of water scarcity, water social technologies were adopted through public policies. The objective of this work was to evaluate, through the case study technique, the potential of the cistern project in the school involving the promotion of water sustainability. The research was developed at the Elementary School Coronel Gregorio Callou, located in the municipality of Barbalha, Ceara. It was possible to verify how the water social technologies have the potential to change the water reality of a region, particularly in rural areas, being an effective alternative for the water supply of populations suffering from long periods of drought. The cistern project in the school assumes remarkable relevance, since it corresponds to the improvement in the access to an essential service that is the quality of the water, through the capture and storage of rainwater.

Short-term but not long-term exposure to an enriched environment reduces unconditioned fear responses but not conditioned fear responses

Abstract: Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to produce beneficial effects in animal models of a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. EE exhibits antidepressant function; reduces anxiety, improves spatial learning and memory impairment. EE can reduce sensitivity to loss of reward by reducing frustration-like emotional states and facilitates the extinction of conditioned fear. However, some studies related to the emotional effects of EE present controversial results such as reduction or increase in anxiety. The time of exposure to an enriched environment seems to be an important factor in the behavioral responses presented by animals subjected to aversive stimuli. The present study compared the effects of two and four week exposure to EE with young adult Wistar rats under the same conditions and protocol on fear behavioral parameters in the face of footshock (unconditioned fear) and on re-exposure to an environment after electrical shock pairing (conditioned fear). We showed that the EE with a duration of two weeks reduced the freezing response of the animals in an unconditioned fear situation, that is, with the aversive stimulus present in the environment, however, did not influence the same behavior in a conditioned fear situation. In addition, the short-term EE developed the locomotor and exploratory activity, identified by the high rearing behavior, which may also suggest a low level of anxiety in these animals. We can conclude that EE changes the unconditioned fear responses of young adult rats. In addition, the duration of EE interferes differently, being two weeks of treatment with EE sufficient to cause improvement in coping with unconditioned aversive situations. We suggest that the emotional benefits resulting from the welfare provided by EE can be abolished by the longer duration of this treatment, due to the already known effect of tolerance to lasting or abundant rewards.

Evaluation of air quality in Caxias do Sul/Brazil through bioassay and passive sampling of NO2 and O3 between September and November of 2014

Abstract: Air pollution is related to respiratory problems such as allergic rhinitis and bronchitis, and it can also cause headaches, irritation of the eyes and throat, and even lead to cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer. The evaluation of air quality in Caxias do Sul city was performed by NO 2 and O 3 passive filters in addition to plant biomonitoring through the Trad-MCN bioassay, where seedlings Tradescantia pallida var. pupurea were exposed to environmental conditions and after that, the percentage of micronuclei present in tetrads, of pollen grain’s mother cells was verify. Samples areas were in three different regions, two of them located in urban areas, Point 1 located in a residential neighborhood, near an industrial area and Point 2 located near the downtown. The Point 3 is in the rural area of the city. This study showed that air pollutants are found in higher concentrations in the urban area of the city than in rural areas, emphasizing that the concentration of O 3 was the only one that increased in rural areas. The micronucleus frequency was also observed in large quantities in urban areas, mainly in the Point 2. According to the WHO, in 2012, 7 million people died in the world because of air pollution. The monitoring of atmospheric pollution is an important tool to provide life quality for the population.

Aversive memory and the role of the mesocorticolimbic system in defensive responses-literature review

Abstract: Evidence from both animal and human research indicates that emotionally significant experiences activate hormonal and brain systems that regulate the consolidation of new memories. Mesocorticolimbic dopamine system has been shown to be critical for many processes that drive learning and memory, including motivation, prediction error, incentive salience, memory consolidation, and response output; and it carries signals of valorization, both for stimuli related to gain, and for aversive stimuli. Literature indicates that dopaminergic system is involved in fear conditioning and extinction. Emotional processes are mainly mediated by the amygdala, and when it becomes active, its anatomical connections with the cortex may facilitate the processing of the presented stimuli. The ventral tegmental area encodes the prediction of errors, and signals are transmitted to regions such as nucleus accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Advances in neurobiological research favored the understanding of the mechanisms underlying learning and the evocation of the extinction of aversive memory. We review the behavioral and neurobiological literature showing a role for mesocorticolimbic structures in defensive responses and aversive memory.

Adjustment of initial moisture content and accelerated aging test for supersweet corn (sh2) seeds

Abstract: The accelerated aging test is an important method for assessing vigor in a seed quality program. However, the results are influenced by several factors (such as initial moisture content of the seeds) that are used as indicators of the uniformity of the performed tests. In this study, we compared the efficiency of the standardization of the initial moisture content of supersweet corn seeds in the accelerated aging test. Five lots of the hybrid Tropical Plus ® supersweet corn ( sh2 ) were used to evaluate germination, precocity of primary root emission, first count of germination, field seedling emergence, electrical conductivity, seed moisture content, cold test, and accelerated aging test without standardization (traditional) and with standardization of the initial moisture content to 14%, 12%, and 10% for 3 aging periods (48, 72, and 96 h). The results showed that the standardization improved the sensitivity of the accelerated aging test, allowing the seed lots to be classified into different vigor levels. Among the different combinations of initial moisture contents and aging periods, standardization of the initial moisture content to 14% or 12% and exposure period to 96 or 72 h allowed the best vigor classification of the supersweet corn ( sh2 ) seeds.

Ethical issues facing the nursing care in pediatric intensive care units: literature review

Abstract: This study aims to identify the production of the last ten years about the Care of Nursing in Intensive Therapy Units Paediatric in Brazil. This is a review of the literature, the inclusion criteria were: articles available in full text, in Portuguese, published in the last ten years considering the period between January 2008 to January 2018, and indexed in the database BDENF. Were selected 11 articles and analyzed by means of analysis of thematic content. This has emerged the category of “Malpractice and negligence in nursing care in the intensive care unit”. Has been identified as the care exercised by the nursing teams have been overlooked and as the clumsiness is present in this assistance. Concludes that it is necessary a continuous training of the professional of nursing, as well as, studies that provide methods of awareness-raising in this context, in addition to the application in practice of the Code of Ethics of the Nursing Professionals.

Productive performance of Nellore steers in pasture with association of flavomycin and monensin

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of nutrient absorption with the use of additives such as monensin and flavomycin in steers performance. Performance parameters were studied in 111 (one hundred and eleven) uncastrated steers with aged 20 to 22 months and mean live weight of 469.8 kg, divided into two experimental groups: 54 steers Nellore flavomycin (NF) and 57 steers Nellore with flavomycin and monensin (NFM). NFM animals had total weight gain, mean daily gain and percentage gain (p<0.05) higher than NF animals. Therefore, the use of monensin associated with flavomycin in Nellore sows in semi confinement provided a better performance of total and daily weight gain in relation to the use of monensin alone.

Influence of impurity contents in physical properties of corn, soybean and rough rice

Abstract: This work aimed to experimentally determine physical properties of corn, soybean and rough rice, in function of the impurity contents in the grain mass. In the beginning of the experiment, corn, soybean and rough rice samples were cleaned. Increasing impurity contents were added until reaching 10%. The bulk density, porosity, angle of repouse, moisture content and color of the grains were determineted for each 1% range of impurity in grain mass. It was concluded that, except for the total color difference, the increase of impurity contents in the grain mass influences the products physical properties

Soy productivity in response to application biofertilizer Enerplant

Abstract: The soya is a dicotyledon plant, and the cultivated specie is the Glycine max, of Asian origin especially from China. The Brazil is the second biggest worldwide producer, with featured the Mato Grosso state. The objective of this present study was evaluate the productivity in the soya culture in answer of Enerplant Biofertilizer application. The experiment was realized in a trading farming, in soil classified like Latossolo Vermelho, in conditions of system of direct planting of straw. The Treatments consisted on application in g ha-1 of Enerplant in the seed, V4, V7 and R1 respectively: T1 – 0+0+0+0; T2 – 20+20+20+20; T3 – 20+20+20+20; T4 – 20+20+0+0; T5 – 20+0+0+0; T6 – 40+0+0+0; T7 – 80+0+0+0; T8 – 0+20+20+20; T9 – 0+0+20+20; T10 – 0+0+0+20. The treatments had four repetitions, on parcels of 2,25 x 5 m (11,25 m²) with five planting lines disposed in a casualized blocks delimitation (CBD). The fertilization in dosage of 160 kg ha -1 of the 01-42-00 (N-P 2 O 5 – K 2 O) formula and 160 kg ha -1 of KCl. Were evaluated the number of pods from one, two and three grains, total number of pods, total number of grains, weight of 100 grains, pods number per plant, grains number per pod and productivity in kg ha -1 . In the Analysis of the results, show there was no significant difference of any variables studied, dispensing the product application

The importance of life basic support training and first aid in the school setting: Knowledge building in the scope of university community outreach

Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop an educational process on First Aid (FA) and Basic Life Support (BLS) in the initial care of emergency and emergency victims in the school setting, in order to compare the previous knowledge acquired by educational actions in health carried out by students of the undergraduate program of nursing (UFMT/Sinop). A longitudinal, prospective, quantitative approach involved the training of 27 teachers from a municipal school, who answered a questionnaire before and after each training. It was demonstrated that the training promoted a significant increase in the hit rates after the training, in relation to the previous knowledge, on BLS and FA. The educational actions have achieved an excellent use, which gives the University and the academics, in the scope of extension, a very important role in the transformation of lay citizens into potential rescuers capable of providing immediate and quality assistance to the victim in urgent situations and emergency situations, both in school settings and in other out-of-hospital environments.