Showing papers in "The African Review in 1974"

The myth of the white working class in South Africa

Abstract: It is commonly asserted in the literature on South Africa that the working class is comprised of an aristocratic or elite white section and an oppressed black section. This contention is false, and arose on the basis of both arbitrary bourgeois class concepts and 'cconomistic' communist class theory. By analysing the historically determined social production system in the light of Marx's scientific class theory, we are able to penetrate the prevailing confusion with respect to the dctemlination of the working class in South Africa and explode the myth of the white working class.

Foreign economic involvement in Angola and Mozambique

Abstract: For a good number of years, the leaders of many African nations have voiced concern about the impact of foreign economic activity in the Portuguese-administered territories in Southern Africa. They have argued that, as long as a major part of Portugal's revenues are expended on military operations, particularly to suppress liberation movements in the territories, the income from such foreign economic activity will substantially help Portugal maintain its grasp over the African territories.

A Revolutionary Situation in Southern Africa

Abstract: Has a revolutionary situation been created in Southern Africa? To answer this question, we need to define the revolutionary situation in the manner in which the colonial situation has been defined by Georges Balandier; analyse the critical in-puts of a revolutionary situation; and then apply them to the specific cases of the dependent States of Southern Africa.

Prospects for International Protection of Human Rights in Africa

Abstract: We have come a long way from the Bill of Rights! and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.2 Both instruments, dating from the end of the eighteenth century, had as their main objectives the guaranteeing and protection of human rights and freedoms.

Race and class in Southern Africa

Abstract: Much of what has been written about the white supremacist regimes of South Africa and Rhodesia! has discussed race as an independent variable, largely ignoring the economic base of racism. The liberal argument holds that apartheid itself is the source of the 'problem' and that the free market mechanism of capitalism will eventually solve it. I would like to argue from the contrasting viewpoint of Oliver C. Cox that racial attitudes develop secondarily out of situations of economic class exploitation for which racist ideologies provide a rationalization.

The place of ideology in Nigerian politics

Abstract: Are there any important political ideas which have served as a guide to Nigeria in the course of her political development or has she merely muddled along, following the whims of the colonial Government and the indigenous political leaders? If some political ideas have been used, have these been expressed as orbita dicta by the leaders and other articulate groups or have they been stated systematically? Do any such statements contain any fundamental formulations which can pass muster as political ideologies?

Address to the sixth Pan-African congress

Abstract: On behalf of the people of Tanzania I welcome you all to this PanAfrican Congress. We in Tanzania are honoured to have the duty. and the responsibility. of being host to delegates from so many countries. and so many parts of the world. We hope that everyone of our guests-whether they are here as delegates or observers-will feel at home in this country. We also hope very much that. by all of us working together. we shall make this Congress serve the cause of human liberation. In this work we shall be building upon foundations laid by others. and in particular the leaders and participants in previous Pan-African Congresses. Many great names of Pan-African history would be included in a roIIcall of those involved in this work in the past seventy-four years. and it is not possible to mention them all. Included would be names like Booker T. Washington, Marcus Garvey. Wallace Johnson, George Pad more. Ras Makonnen and many others. It would be wrong, however. not to pay tribute to the special contribution made to this movement by Dr. William du Bois. For he attended the first Pan-African Conference in London in 1900. which was sponsored by the Trinidad lawyer. H. Sylvester Williams. He was then himself responsible for iniliating and leading all the Pan-African Congresses-including that of 1945. To Dr. du Bois. all Africans and all people of African descent, owe a very great debt. He neither was, nO'r claimed to' be, a popular mass leader. But as a man of ideas. of inteIlect. and organizing ability. he played a big part in the advances towards human dignity which black people have recorded in this century. We are sorry that his widow. Mrs. Shirley Graham du Boiswho has in her own right made many contributions to our cause-is not able to be with us today. We are able to welcome to this 1974 Congress a number of people who attended the Congress in 1945. But it is a matter of great regret to us all that President Jomo Kenyatta. who was the rapporteur on East African Affairs of the Fifth Congress, has not been able to join your deliberations today. We should have liked an opportunity to pay tribute to him in person. As this is not possible, I know that this Conference will wish to send a message of greetings and appreciation to President Kenyatta through Mr. Robert Matano. the Minister for Information of Kenya. Let me say also that for many of us the late President Kwame Nkrumah is present in our memory as we meet, both because of his contribution to the 1945 Congress and because of his work for African liberation in succeeding years.

Rhodesia and Her Four Discriminatory Constitutions

Abstract: My objective in writing this article is to show bow the nature of Rhodesia as a settler colony affected its constitutional evolution.

Local government in Southern Nigeria: The direction of change

Abstract: The series of political changes and demands for constitutional reform in the late 1940s. which culminated in the drafting of a new Constitution for Nigeria in 1951, also placed the burden of local government policies on the three regional governments-Eastern. Northern and Western.

Lesotho, an island country: the problems of being land-locked

Abstract: For convenience, this discussion of the problems of Lesotho as a landlocked State will be divided into three parts. In Part One a brief review of the development within the international community of an awareness, of the problems of land-locked States will be made. In Part Two some general and Iheoretical considerations which may go a long way to explain some of Lesotho's unique problems will be raised. Part Three will focus exclusively on Lesotho, its controversial past and the subsequent political and economic problems which it now faces.

The internationalization of capital and labour

Abstract: Theories of development - of the development of the capitalist mode of production-were implicit, essential elements of the classicist's study of political economy. They were the focus of analysis in the works of Karl Marx.

Assessing local administrative capacity for development purposes: a Kenyan case

Abstract: The failure to implement development programmes at the local level once they are formulated can be attributed to a number of factors. Among them is the administrative incapacity of the implementing agencies, departments, or people, as the case may be. In this paper we shall be concerned with the analysis of some of the administrative factors that retard the local development process.

The problem and prospect of national parties in Nigeria

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine critically the problems, prospects, and mechanics of building national political parties in a polyethnic society such as that of Nigeria.

Address by the Frelimo Delegation to the Sixth Pan-African Congress

Abstract: Almost ten years ago, on 25 September 1964, under the leadership of FRELIMO, the united Mozambican people launched a general armed insurrection against Portuguese colonialism and imperialism, to win the total and complete independence of Mozambique. Over these years we have been able to transform the liberation war into a people's war, enriching and deepening the contents of the national liberation struggle so as to transform the armed struggle for national liberation into a revolution.

On Marx's attitude to colonialism

Abstract: It is clear that from as early as the end of 1847 and the beginning of 1848 when the ""Manifesto of the Communist Party"" was written. Marx was already aware of the historic import of colonialism and the linkage that existed between it and bourgeois political economy.

Career guidance, career policy and high-level manpower efficiency in Tanzania

Abstract: Tanzania. like many other former colonial economies in Africa, achieved its independence in 1961 on an extremely inadequate high and middle-level manpower base. In a 1962 High-level Manpower Survey it was found that out of the 9.331 high-level manpower jobs only 47 per cent of the total were held by Africans. These were highly concentrated at the lower end of the professional scale: medical technicians, nurses. primary school-teachers, Government employees, skilled craftsmen, etc. The extent of this skew can be indicated by the fact that less than 10 per cent of the posts which normally require university education (2,100 at the time of the survey) were held by Africans.

Local autonomy and national planning: complementary or otherwise? Case study from Tanzania

Abstract: In this paper we discuss decentralization. currently a common theme among students of politics and administration. We attempt to explore the extent to which decentralized administration is compatible with national planning in new States and the conditions which will make the two consistent.

Political science and political science research in Africa

Abstract: There was a time in Africa when a very high premium was placed on the study of law and political science. Those African elites who had been to British universities, in so far as their education was related to politics, tended to emphasize law. This was partly a function of the local needs. As nationalism started to create an impact, often against unsympathetic colonial administrations, defence of nationalists demanded legal expertise.