West African Journal of Industrial and Academic Research 

About: West African Journal of Industrial and Academic Research is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): The Internet & Cloud computing security. It has an ISSN identifier of 1116-5405. Over the lifetime, 166 publications have been published receiving 333 citations.

Electronic Banking And Bank Performance In Nigeria

Abstract: This study investigated the profitability performance of Nigerian banks following the full adoption of electronic banking system. The study became necessary as a result of increased penetration of electronic banking which has redefined the banking operations in Nigeria and around the world. Judgmental sampling method was adopted by utilizing data collected from four Nigerian banks. These four banks are the only banks in Nigeria that have consistently retained their brand names and remain quoted in the Nigerian Stock Exchange since 1997. The profitability performance of these banks was measured in terms of returns on equity (ROE) and returns on assets (ROA). With the data collected, we tested the pre- and post-adoption of ebanking performance difference between means using a standard statistical technique for independent sample at 5 percent level of significance for performance factors such as ROE and ROA. The study revealed that the adoption of electronic banking has positively and significantly improved the returns on equity (ROE) of Nigerian banks. On the other hand and on the contrary, it also revealed that e-banking has not significantly improved the returns on assets (ROA) of Nigerian banks.. The findings of this study have motivated new recommendations for bank customers, bank management and shareholders with regard to electronic banking adoption for banking operations. Keywords : Electronic banking, returns on assets (ROA), returns on Equity (ROE), difference between means and Bank profitability performance.

Investment in Education and Economic Growth in Nigeria: 1981-2012

Abstract: This study examines the impact of government investments in education on economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1981-2012. Economic growth proxy by growth rate of GDP is the dependent variable while government capital expenditure on social services, recurrent expenditure on education, primary school total pupil enrolment and primary school pupilsteachers ratio are explanatory variables. Employing the OLS technique, the paper found that government capital expenditure on social services (education and health) and government recurrent expenditure on education have significant implications on economic growth over the period of this study. Total primary school pupil enrolment and primary school pupils-teachers enrolment were found to have mixed influences on economic growth. The low level of funding of the sector, poor conditions of service, high level of pupils out of school and the low pupilteachers ratio in Nigeria were suspected to have accounted for these results. However, the goodness of fit of about 66 percent indicates that high potentials for growth exist in the educational sector. The paper therefore recommends an increase in government budgetary allocation to the education sector from the present less than 15 percent to UNDP/UNESCO requirement of 25 percent allocation to the sector, improvement in the welfare of educational staff and regular monitoring of funds and services rendered in the sector to ensure improved standards as possible ways of making education growth a friendly sector in Nigeria. Keywords : Education, Government Investments, Economic growth, Health, Government expenditure, and Cointegration

Appraisal of cashless policy on the Nigerian Financial System

Abstract: The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has been active in the inauguration of policies and schemes to foster the implementation of the cashless policy in Nigeria. However the current transition to cashless economy raises a lot of concerns with no substantial evidence yet to justify its implementation. This study was carried out in order to appraise the implementation of the cashless policy since its introduction into the Nigerian financial system in 2012 and also to examine the persistent challenges facing its implementation. In view of the above stated objective, primary data were collected with the aid of the questionnaire, which was randomly administered to 120 respondents ranging from First Bank, Zenith Bank and United Bank for Africa. The banks were selected based on their total assets and the information collected covered the activities of the CBN and that of these banks towards implementation of the cashless policy from 2012 till date.The data collected were presented and analyzed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) using descriptive statistics and one-sample t-test. The results led to the conclusion that despite the need to operate cashless transactions dominating the modern Nigerian economy, the cashless policy will have the desired impact only if a lot is done to ensure the implementation of an effective cashless system. Keywords : Cashless Policy, Cashless Economy, Electronic Payment System, Financial System

Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks based on Ant Colony Optimization

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN’s) have become an important and challenging research area in recent years. Wireless Sensor Networks consisting of nodes with limited power are deployed to gather useful information from the field. In WSNs it is critical to collect the information in an energy efficient manner. Ant Colony Optimization, a swarm intelligence based optimization technique, has been successfully used in network routing. In this paper, we introduce a heuristic way to reduce energy consumption in WSNs routing process using Ant Colony Optimization. We introduce three Ant Colony Optimization algorithms, the Ant System, Ant Colony System and improved Ant System and their application in WSN routing process. The simulation results show that Ant Colony Optimization is an effective way to reduce energy consumption and maximize WSN lifetime. Keywords :- Ant colony optimization , Delay , Energy consumption, Routing , Routing protocols, Sensors , Wireless sensor networks.

Road Transportation and Traffic Law Enforcement in Nigeria: A case study of the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC)

Abstract: Road Transportation and Traffic Law Enforcement in Nigeria was established in order to reduce the increasing road crashes and fatalities as well as making road users comply with traffic Laws and regulations as a counter measure, which remain as a great challenge in Nigeria. This paper discussed the roles of the Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) in the enforcement of Road Traffic Laws. The methodology used for this paper was the collections of data. The finding from the study revealed that there is dearth of operational equipments in FRSC thus hampering its performance. It further observed that Road traffic laws are strong and adequate, but lack effective enforcement, which is responsible for non-compliance. The study also revealed that FRSC has done very well in its performance especially in Educating motorists through various public enlightenment campaigns. The study shows that there are bad roads with narrow lanes and potholes resulting to traffic congestions and crashes. Having identified these challenges, the study recommended among others, adequate funding of the corps, effective enforcement of existing road traffic laws by all the relevant law enforcement agencies, training of the law enforcement personnel and construction of befitting roads. Key words: Road Transportation, Traffic Law Enforcement, Challenges, Federal Road Safety Corps