Showing papers in "Wind Engineering in 2017"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the structural integrity of wind turbines and the impact of wind blade damage on wind turbines' structural integrity and the associated cost of repairing them, including the cost of replacing the blades.
Abstract: Wind blades are major structural elements of wind turbines, but they are prone to damage like any other composite component. Blade damage can cause sudden structural failure and the associated cost...
60 citations
TL;DR: An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to determine the optimal parameters of the hybrid kernel function and support vector machine prediction model and results demonstrate that the proposed prediction method has better prediction accuracy for wind power.
Abstract: The prediction accuracy of wind power affects the operation cost of the power grid, which is a direct result of the supply and demand balance of the grid. Therefore, how to improve the prediction a...
36 citations
TL;DR: Three case studies demonstrate that using exact gradients with gradient-based optimization reduces the number of function calls by several orders of magnitude and improves convergence behavior, allowing gradient- based optimization algorithms used with the FLORIS model to more reliably find better solutions to wind farm optimization problems.
Abstract: The FLORIS (FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady-state) model, a parametric wind turbine wake model that predicts steady-state wake characteristics based on wind turbine position and yaw angle,...
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an analysis of the performance of offshore wind turbines in the sea sufficiently far from the shore (i.e. some kilometers) and provide an ass
Abstract: Offshore wind turbines are being used to harness the high value of wind energy usually available on the sea sufficiently far from the shore (ie some kilometers) The present study provides an ass
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of a 5m diameter Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine was predicted using both a double multiple streamtube model and a two-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes comp...
Abstract: The performance of a 5-m diameter Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine was predicted using both a double multiple streamtube model and a two-dimensional unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes comp...
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine common Supervisory Control And Data (SCCD) and Data Acquisition (DAA) techniques for wind turbine power output monitoring, which can detect anomalies in turbine performance which have the potential to result in unexpected failure.
Abstract: Wind turbine power output monitoring can detect anomalies in turbine performance which have the potential to result in unexpected failure This study examines common Supervisory Control And Data Ac
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the I-beam structure of a utility-scale blade is used as the basis for the design of a small-scale subcomponent emulating the same type of structural element of a wind turbine blade.
Abstract: In this study, the I-beam structure of a utility-scale blade is used as the basis for the design of a small-scale subcomponent emulating the same type of structural element of a utility-scale wind turbine blade. Governing equations for the bending of a shear deformable thin-walled composite I-beam are considered. Similitude theory is applied to derive the corresponding scaling laws. Accuracy of the derived scaling laws in predicting the strain and displacement fields of the full-scale I-beam is considered as a design criterion for small-scale I-beams. Both complete and partial similarity cases are discussed. A novel approach is proposed to design partially similar scaled I-beams with totally different layups from those of the full-scale I-beam. Using the proposed technique, scaled-down composite I-beams are designed that predict the strain and displacement fields of their full-scale parent I-beam with very good accuracy.
15 citations
TL;DR: In South Korea, where 64% of the national territory is mountainous, good wind resources in inland areas are mostly situated in high mountain regions as mentioned in this paper, and to develop a wind farm in a mountain region, th...
Abstract: In South Korea, where 64% of the national territory is mountainous, good wind resources in inland areas are mostly situated in high mountain regions. To develop a wind farm in a mountain region, th...
13 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a controller-based nonsuperconductor fault current limiter is proposed to augment the transient stability of the doubly fed induction generator-based wind generator system.
Abstract: Although the doubly fed induction generator–based wind generator has captured approximately 50% of the recent wind energy markets, its transient stability is one of the major concerns in the event of grid faults. In this article, a simple controller-based nonsuperconductor fault current limiter is proposed to augment the transient stability of the doubly fed induction generator–based wind generator system. In simulations, temporary symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults were applied in the tested model system to analyze the transient stability improvement performance of the proposed non-superconductor fault current limiter. Besides, a bridge-type fault current limiter is considered and circuit analysis is also done among them to compare their performance with the proposed non-superconductor fault current limiter. Extensive simulations were executed in MATLAB/Simulink software both for symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. Simulation results and circuit analysis clearly indicate that the non-superconductor fault current limiter augments the transient stability of the doubly fed induction generator–based wind generator and outperforms the bridge-type fault current limiter.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a methodology for microscale numerical modelling of urban wind resource assessment in changing climate has been presented, which has not been studied so far in the literature. But this methodology has been used in our previous work.
Abstract: Urban wind resource assessment in changing climate has not been studied so far. This study presents a methodology for microscale numerical modelling of urban wind resource assessment in changing cl...
11 citations
TL;DR: In complex terrain, the inhomogeneity of wind speed in a horizontal plane at light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measurement heights is generally high due to the curvature of the flow.
Abstract: In complex terrain, the inhomogeneity of wind speed in a horizontal plane at light detection and ranging (LiDAR) measurement heights is generally high due to the curvature of the flow Consequently
TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional parametric analysis of a modified Savonius wind turbine using computational fluid dynamics is presented, showing the effects of three independent parameters of the rotor.
Abstract: This article aims to present a two-dimensional parametric analysis of a modified Savonius wind turbine using computational fluid dynamics The effects of three independent parameters of the rotor,
TL;DR: In this article, an extreme turbulence control algorithm is developed to actively reduce the ultimate loads on the main turbine components during operation in extreme turbulence conditions, and the benefits of the algorithm are demonstrated in two test cases: with the InnWind 10-MW and InnWind 20-MW reference wind turbines.
Abstract: The components of a wind turbine are designed to ensure that they can withstand the (fatigue and extreme) loads during their lifetime. To this end, the loads are analyzed using simulations under a large set of design conditions. One of the most demanding design condition, however, is operation under extreme turbulence conditions. For many turbines, this is a design-driving load case, as is the case with the InnWind 10-MW reference wind turbine. To present, reduction of loads during extreme turbulence using the wind turbine controller has not been considered explicitly. In this report, an extreme turbulence control algorithm is developed to actively reduce the ultimate loads on the main turbine components during operation in extreme turbulence conditions. The benefits of the algorithm are demonstrated in two test cases: with the InnWind 10-MW and InnWind 20-MW reference wind turbines.
TL;DR: A comprehensive model is developed to study the performance of a hybrid wind–diesel energy storage system and a modified load flow algorithm is proposed which calculates induction machine slip and other initial conditions, in addition to the results obtained with conventional load flow.
Abstract: In this article, a comprehensive model is developed to study the performance of a hybrid wind–diesel energy storage system. Energy storage system exchanges both real and reactive power with the win...
TL;DR: The foundations of floating offshore wind turbines have great potential for harvesting renewable energy sources since offshore wind is stronger and more stable than on-shore wind as mentioned in this paper, and the potential for renewable energy is great.
Abstract: Floating offshore wind turbines have great potential for harvesting renewable energy sources since offshore wind is stronger and more stable than onshore wind. The foundations of floating offshore ...
TL;DR: In this article, the integration of superconducting magnetic energy storage system with wind-penetrated two-area power systems is discussed, where each area is incorporated with a superconducted magnetic en...
Abstract: This work concentrates on the integration of superconducting magnetic energy storage system with wind-penetrated two-area power systems. Each area is incorporated with a superconducting magnetic en...
TL;DR: In this article, the Weibull and Rayleigh distribution models provide adequate description of the frequencies of actual wind records in Tetouan They can be advantageously used to assess wind resource characteristics in this region.
Abstract: Several statistical distributions have been considered to model wind speed data However, Weibull and Rayleigh statistical distributions are the most widely used methods for analyzing wind speed measurements and determining wind energy potential In this work, these statistical distributions were applied in order to evaluate the wind resources in the northern Moroccan city of Tetouan Adjustment of wind measurement data was performed Then, the obtained results were compared with the provided wind data to test their accuracy based on common statistical indicators for performance It was found that the Weibull and Rayleigh distribution models provide adequate description of the frequencies of actual wind records in Tetouan They can be advantageously used to assess wind resource characteristics in this region
TL;DR: The power system of today is highly complex and highly interconnected as discussed by the authors, it generates electricity by burning fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, diesel, nuclear fuel, etc.), which produces harmful gases a...
Abstract: Power systems of today are highly complex and highly interconnected. It generates electricity by burning fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, diesel, nuclear fuel, etc.), which produces harmful gases a...
TL;DR: Multivariable model predictive control of wind turbine was considered in this work in full-load regime in order to maximize the power generation and reduce the loads on the equipment.
Abstract: Multivariable model predictive control of wind turbine was considered in this work in full-load regime in order to maximize the power generation and reduce the loads on the equipment. The controller has as inputs the pitch angle and the generator torque and accounts for constraints on both the inputs and the outputs. In order to reduce the computation time and improve the conditioning of the constrained optimization problem, the inputs were parameterization using Laguerre functions. The optimization objective was thus transformed from the identification of the input sequence over the control horizon to the identification of the Laguerre function parameters allowing a good parameterization of the inputs over the control horizon. Multiple linearizing models were employed in order to cover different operating points corresponding to variable wind speeds in the full-load regime zone.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented theoretical calculations of using a plasma actuator in a wind turbine for increasing its regulating ability, taking into account the pressure difference between the turbine and the generator.
Abstract: This article presents theoretical calculations of using a plasma actuator in a wind turbine for increasing its regulating ability. Calculations were done taking into account the pressure difference...
TL;DR: Novel parameter settings for gain-scheduled feedback control of rotational speed using collective blade pitch manipulation in a spar-buoy floating offshore wind turbine–generator system were developed in order to reduce both power-output fluctuation and platform motion.
Abstract: Novel parameter settings for gain-scheduled feedback control of rotational speed using collective blade pitch manipulation in a spar-buoy floating offshore wind turbine–generator system were develo...
TL;DR: In this article, a three-phase capacitor bank is connected between the generator and the generator in order to provide reactive power demand of a self-excited induction generator which is required to achieve a voltage build-up.
Abstract: In order to provide the reactive power demand of a self-excited induction generator which is required to achieve a voltage build-up, a three-phase capacitor bank is connected between the generator ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the pitch control option is described within the OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics library supported by the preliminary results for a few representative torsion control experiments. But the pitch-control option is not considered in this paper.
Abstract: In this article, the implementation of the pitch-control option is described within the OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics library supported by the preliminary results for a few representative t...
TL;DR: Although integration of wind distributed generation directly into the distribution level has considerable advantages, increased penetration of wind-distributed generation (renewable distributed gen... as mentioned in this paper showed that increased penetration in wind-generated generation (RDI) can have considerable advantages.
Abstract: Although integration of wind distributed generation directly into the distribution level has considerable advantages, increased penetration of wind distributed generation (renewable distributed gen...
TL;DR: In this article, the average power law exponent during the study period was found to be 0.09, which was lower than the 0.14 standard assumed by international standards, and a detailed investigation of the distribution of power law exponents revealed a bi-modal distribution comprising the two most frequent exponent ranges between 0.19-0.20.
Abstract: An investigation of power law exponents (wind shear coefficients) was conducted using LiDAR data collected offshore in Lake Erie. The purpose was to investigate discrepancies found by previous studies between calculated power law exponents from measurements and recommended values from international standards. In this study, power law exponents were evaluated using the LiDAR measurements at heights of 80–200 m. The average power law exponent during the study period was found to be 0.09, which was lower than the 0.14 standard assumed by international standards. A detailed investigation of the distribution of power law exponents revealed a bi-modal distribution comprising the two most frequent exponent ranges between 0.01–0.02 and 0.19–0.20. The gap between these peaks was found to be dependent on the atmospheric stability of the boundary layer. Average power law exponents of 0.02 and 0.14 were found for atmospheric conditions indicating unstable regimes and neutral/stable regimes, respectively. Regime stability also showed directional dependence where winds from the 180° ± 45° directions were prevailing during neutral/stable conditions and winds from the 326° ± 67° directions were prevailing during unstable conditions.
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive model for power quality assessment of a standalone wind-diesel-superconducting magnetic energy storage system is developed using firing angle control scheme of supe....
Abstract: In this article, a comprehensive model for power quality assessment of a standalone wind-diesel-superconducting magnetic energy storage system is developed using firing angle control scheme of supe...
TL;DR: An enhanced frequency regulator of a wind turbine generator associated with a flywheel applying an adaptive fuzzy proportional integral control, to supply a stand-alone load at 50 Hz is proposed.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to propose an enhanced frequency regulator of a wind turbine generator associated with a flywheel applying an adaptive fuzzy proportional integral control, to supply a st...
TL;DR: Artificial neural network numerical technique is used to simulate and evaluate the designed systems and shows good matching with the actual data for the photovoltaic and horizontal wind turbine systems.
Abstract: This article proposes new methods of modeling and simulation of photovoltaic and horizontal wind turbine systems. The photovoltaic and horizontal wind turbines are modeled by the use of actual data...
TL;DR: In this article, a contribution toward a possible harmonization of methods and techniques aimed at extrapolating wind speed for wind energy purposes is made, which is intended as a contribution towards a possible harmonicization of techniques and methods.
Abstract: This work is intended as a contribution toward a possible harmonization of methods and techniques, aimed at extrapolating wind speed for wind energy purposes. Through the years, different methods h...
TL;DR: Transient stability enhancement analysis of the doubly fed induction generator–based variable speed wind generator is performed among the most promising series compensating devices, and comparison is done the among the series compensators in terms of transient stability performances, implementation feasibility, control structure, and cost.
Abstract: In this article, transient stability enhancement analysis of the doubly fed induction generator–based variable speed wind generator is performed among the most promising series compensating devices like the diode-bridge-type non-superconductor fault current limiter, bridge-type fault current limiter, series dynamic braking resistor, resistive solid-state fault current limiter, and DC resistive superconducting fault current limiter. Although all series technologies are well documented in literatures, so far no comparison among them is reported. Therefore, to fill this gap, this article provides a detailed analytical analysis, and comparison is done the among the series compensators in terms of transient stability performances, implementation feasibility, control structure, and cost. A temporary balanced and unbalanced fault was applied in the doubly fed induction generator–based test system model to demonstrate the transient stability performance among the series compensating devices. In this work, extensi...