Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-journal of Psychology 

About: Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie-journal of Psychology is an academic journal published by Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Recall & Computer science. It has an ISSN identifier of 2151-2604. Over the lifetime, 330 publications have been published receiving 8954 citations. The journal is also known as: Journal of psychology (Göttingen. Print) & Journal of psychology (Göttingen. Internet).

Cyberbullying Versus Face-to-Face Bullying A Theoretical and Conceptual Review

Abstract: Cyberbullying has been described as a type of electronic bullying and has recently been subjected to intense media scrutiny largely due to a number of high profile and tragic cases of teen suicide. Despite the media attention relatively little is known about the nature of cyberbullying. This is, at least in part, due to a lack of theoretical and conceptual clarity and an examination of the similarities and differences between cyberbullying and face-to-face bullying. This paper reviews the limited theoretical and empirical literature addressing both cyberbullying and face-to-face bullying, using some specific examples from a qualitative study for illustration. We compare and contrast individual factors common to cyber and face-to-face bullying. We then examine social information processing factors associated with face-to-face bullying and present a discussion of the similarities and differences that may characterize cyberbullying.

Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying Identification of Risk Groups for Adjustment Problems

Abstract: We investigated the co-occurrence of traditional bullying, cyberbullying, traditional victimization, and cybervictimization, and analyzed whether students belonging to particular groups of bullies (e.g., traditional, cyber, or both), victims (e.g., traditional, cyber, or both), and bully-victims differed regarding adjustment. Seven hundred sixty-one adolescents (49% boys) aged 14–19 years (M = 15.6 years) were surveyed. More students than expected by chance were totally uninvolved, more students were traditional bully-victims, and more students were combined bully-victims (traditional and cyber). The highest risks for poor adjustment (high scores in reactive and instrumental aggression, depressive, and somatic symptoms) were observed in students who were identified as combined bully-victims (traditional and cyber). In addition gender differences were examined.

Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between the Big Five and Academic Success at University

Abstract: . Interest in the prediction of academic success in higher education has grown considerably in recent years in German-speaking countries. While the validity of school grades and admission tests has been investigated by meta-analyses and large-scale studies at least in the United States, less is known about noncognitive predictors of academic success. The present meta-analysis investigates the impact of the Big Five personality factors on academic success at university. A total of 258 correlation coefficients from 58 studies published since 1980 were included. Grades, retention, and satisfaction served as success criteria. Correlations were corrected for attenuation caused by measurement error. Results show that the influence of personality traits on academic achievement depends on the success criterion. While Neuroticism is related to academic satisfaction (? = -.369, k = 8), Conscientiousness correlates with grades (? = .269, k = 41). Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and Agreeableness have n...

Dissociation Following Traumatic Stress Etiology and Treatment

Abstract: We postulate that the cascade ''Freeze-Flight-Fight-Fright-Flag-Faint'' is a coherent sequence of six fear responses that escalate as a function of defense possibilities and proximity to danger during life-threat. The actual sequence of trauma-related response dispositions acted out in an extremely dangerous situation therefore depends on the appraisal of the threat by the organism in relation to her/his own power to act (e.g., age and gender) as well as the perceived characteristics of threat and perpetrator. These reaction patterns provide optimal adaption for particular stages of imminence. Subsequent to the traumatic threats, portions of the experience may be replayed. The actual individual cascade of defense stages a survivor has gone through during the traumatic event will repeat itself every time the fear network, which has evolved peritraumatically, is activated again (i.e., through internal or external triggers or, e.g., during exposure therapy).When a parasympathetically dominated ''shut- down'' was the prominent peri-traumatic response during the traumatic incident, comparable dissociative responses may dominate responding to subsequently experienced threat and may also reappear when the traumatic memory is reactivated. Repeated experience of traumatic stress forms a fear network that can become pathologically detached from contextual cues such as time and location of the danger, a condition which manifests itself as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Intrusions, for example, can therefore be understood as repetitive displays of fragments of the event, which would then, depending on the dominant physiological response during the threat, elicit a corresponding combination of hyperarousal and dissociation. We suggest that trauma treatment must therefore differentiate between patients on two dimensions: those with peritraumatic sympathetic activation versus those who went down the whole defense cascade, which leads to parasympathetic dominance during the trauma and a corresponding replay of physiological and dissociative responding, when reminded. The differential management of dissociative stages (''fright'' and ''faint'') has important treatment implications.

Multinomial processing tree models: A review of the literature.

Abstract: Multinomial processing tree (MPT) models have become popular in cognitive psychology in the past two decades. In contrast to general-purpose data analysis techniques, such as log-linear models or other generalized linear models, MPT models are substantively motivated stochastic models for categorical data. They are best described as tools (a) for measuring the cognitive processes that underlie human behavior in various tasks and (b) for testing the psychological assumptions on which these models are based. The present article provides a review of MPT models and their applications in psychology, focusing on recent trends and developments in the past 10 years. Our review is nontechnical in nature and primarily aims at informing readers about the scope and utility of MPT models in different branches of cognitive psychology. In a now classical article, Riefer and Batchelder (1988) proposed a class of substantively motivated stochastic mod- els for categorical behavioral data which was relatively well known in statistical genetics at the time (e.g., Elandt- Johnson, 1971), but had received little attention in psycho- logical research up to the 1980s. These models are now known as multinomial processing tree (MPT) models. About 10 years later, Batchelder and Riefer (1999) already identified no less than 30 published MPT models in the psychological literature, most of which were applied to different agendas in cognitive research. The present article provides an update of Batchelder and Riefer's review and focuses on models and their applications published in the past 10 years. Our review includes 70 MPT models and model variants from more than 20 research areas. In the first section, we will present a brief conceptual outline of MPT models using a simple example to illustrate the basics and main advantages of this approach. Technical details will be omitted almost entirely because they have been described elsewhere (e.g., Batchelder & Riefer, 1999; Hu & Batchelder, 1994). The second section sum- marizes MPT models and their applications in different branches of cognitive psychology, with a special focus on models for various memory paradigms. In the third sec- tion, psychological applications of MPT models outside the realm of cognitive psychology will be briefly summarized. The fourth section describes recent developments, general- izations, and innovations in the statistical methodology of MPT models that might be useful for those interested in applying such models. The fifth and final section of our review provides a sketch of computer programs that are currently available for statistical analyses in the MPT framework, along with a summary of the main advantages of each program.