Journal ArticleDOI
A Fundamental Comparison of Canard and Conventional Configurations
Tad McGeer,Ilan Kroo +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the relative efficiency of canard, tandem, and aft-tailed aircraft configurations through analysis of an elementary lifting system was examined, and two general solutions emerged for minimum induced drag as a function of the geometry and the division of lift between the surfaces of such a system - one for fixed span and the other for fixed weight.Abstract:
This paper examines the relative efficiency of canard, tandem, and aft-tailed aircraft configurations through analysis of an elementary lifting system. Stability and trim requirements are imposed upon the system and its C sub L(max), drag, and structural weight are studied as its geometry varies over a wide range of possible configurations. During the course of the analysis, two general solutions emerge for minimum induced drag as a function of the geometry and the division of lift between the surfaces of such a system - one for fixed span and the other for fixed weight. The conclusion is that the pre-eminence of the conventional aft-tailed configuration has a sound fundamental basis, but that there may be some room for improvement.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
DRAG DUE TO LIFT: Concepts for Prediction and Reduction
TL;DR: Focusing on relatively high-aspect-ratio subsonic wings, the review suggests that opportunities for new concepts remain, but the greatest challenge lies in their integration with other aspects of the system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wing design for minimum drag with practical constraints
TL;DR: In this article, a series of solutions for lift, chord, and thickness distributions across the span of a subsonic wing were proposed to achieve minimum drag while satisfying a variety of practical constraints.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Induced drag - Historical perspective
TL;DR: Induced drag is associated with the shedding of vorticity along the span of a finite wing, especially its tip region; for most subsonic aircraft configurations, induced drag constitutes about 50 percent of total aircraft drag throughout the flight envelope.
Journal ArticleDOI
Navier-Stokes simulation of a close-coupled canard-wing-body configuration
TL;DR: The influence of the canard on the wing flow field, including canard-wing vortex interaction and wing vortex breakdown, is investigated in this article, where the thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations are solved for the flow about a coplanar close-coupled canardwing-body configuration at a transonic Mach number of 0.90 and at angles of attack ranging from 0 to 12 degrees.
References
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A vortex-lattice method for the mean camber shapes of trimmed noncoplanar planforms with minimum vortex drag
TL;DR: A new subsonic method has been developed by which the mean camber surface can be determined for trimmed noncoplanar planforms with minimum vortex drag and overcomes previous difficulties with chord loading specification.
Numerical method to calculate the induced drag or optimum loading for arbitrary non-planar aircraft
TL;DR: In this article, a simple unified numerical method applicable to non-planar subsonic aircraft has been developed for calculating either the induced drag for an arbitrary loading or the optimum aircraft loading which results in minimum induced drag.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Wind-Tunnel Measurements of Wing-Canard Interference and a Comparison with Various Theories
TL;DR: In this paper, a 7 x 10 wind tunnel is used to explore various combinations of wing-canard vertical and horizontal positioning to investigate potential improved stalling characteristics over conventional tail-aft configurations, investigate the existence of a lift coefficient advantage, and determine induced drag levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of downwash on the induced drag of canard-wing combinations
TL;DR: In this article, the induced drag of canard-wing and wing-tail combinations is calculated for the limiting case in which the downstream surface is located in the Trefftz plane (infinite stagger), but based on the assumption that the loading on each surface is elliptical in isolation.