Journal ArticleDOI
A heavy sea fog event over the Yellow Sea in March 2005: Analysis and numerical modeling
TLDR
In this article, the authors investigated the formation and evolution of a heavy sea fog episode that occurred over the Yellow Sea on 9 March 2005, using satellite images, surface observations and soundings at islands and coasts, and analyses from the Japan Meteorology Agency (JMA) are used to describe and analyze this event.Abstract:
In this paper, a heavy sea fog episode that occurred over the Yellow Sea on 9 March 2005 is investigated. The sea fog patch, with a spatial scale of several hundred kilometers at its mature stage, reduced visibility along the Shandong Peninsula coast to 100 m or much less at some sites. Satellite images, surface observations and soundings at islands and coasts, and analyses from the Japan Meteorology Agency (JMA) are used to describe and analyze this event. The analysis indicates that this sea fog can be categorized as advection cooling fog. The main features of this sea fog including fog area and its movement are reasonably reproduced by the Fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5). Model results suggest that the formation and evolution of this event can be outlined as: (1) southerly warm/moist advection of low-level air resulted in a strong sea-surface-based inversion with a thickness of about 600 m; (2) when the inversion moved from the warmer East Sea to the colder Yellow Sea, a thermal internal boundary layer (TIBL) gradually formed at the base of the inversion while the sea fog grew in response to cooling and moistening by turbulence mixing; (3) the sea fog developed as the TIBL moved northward and (4) strong northerly cold and dry wind destroyed the TIBL and dissipated the sea fog. The principal findings of this study are that sea fog forms in response to relatively persistent southerly warm/moist wind and a cold sea surface, and that turbulence mixing by wind shear is the primary mechanism for the cooling and moistening the marine layer. In addition, the study of sensitivity experiments indicates that deterministic numerical modeling offers a promising approach to the prediction of sea fog over the Yellow Sea but it may be more efficient to consider ensemble numerical modeling because of the extreme sensitivity to model input.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Marine fog: A review
Darko Koracin,Darko Koracin,Clive E. Dorman,John M. Lewis,John M. Lewis,James G. Hudson,Eric M. Wilcox,Alicia Torregrosa +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss physical processes over a wide range of spatial scales that govern the formation, evolution, and dissipation of marine fog and provide insight into causality of fog including its initiation, maintenance, and destruction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fog Prediction from a Multimodel Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System
Binbin Zhou,Jun Du +1 more
TL;DR: A new multivariable-based diagnostic fog-forecasting method has been developed at NCEP using a multimodel-based Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System (MEPS), which can be easily adapted to other NWP models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fog research in China: An overview
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of fog field experiments and their major results relating to fog mechanisms, physical properties and chemical characteristics is presented, and the effects of urbanization and industrialization on fog are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Seasonal Variations of Yellow Sea Fog: Observations and Mechanisms*
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanisms for such steplike evolution that is inexplicable from the gradual change in solar radiation and found that the land warms up much faster than the ocean.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the evolution and structure of a radiation fog event in Nanjing
TL;DR: In this paper, an extremely dense radiation fog event during 10-11 December 2007 was studied to understand its macro-/micro-physics in relation to dynamic and thermodynamic structures of the boundary layer, as well as its structural evolution in conjunction with the air-surface exchange of heat and water vapor.
References
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TL;DR: A rapid and accurate radiative transfer model (RRTM) for climate applications has been developed and the results extensively evaluated as discussed by the authors, which is performed using the correlated-k method: the k distributions are attained directly from the LBLRTM line-byline model, which connects the absorption coefficients used by RRTM to high-resolution radiance validations done with observations.
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The Step-Mountain Eta Coordinate Model: Further Developments of the Convection, Viscous Sublayer, and Turbulence Closure Schemes
TL;DR: In this article, a major revision of the Betts and Miller convection scheme was made, a new marine viscous sublayer scheme was designed, and the Mellor-Yamada planetary boundary layer (PBL) formulation was retuned.
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Nonlocal Boundary Layer Vertical Diffusion in a Medium-Range Forecast Model
Song-You Hong,Hua Lu Pan +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a boundary layer diffusion package based on the Troen and Mahrt nonlocal diffusion concept has been tested for possible operational implementation and compared with those from the local diffusion approach, which is the current operational scheme.