Journal ArticleDOI
A New Design for Randomized Clinical Trials
TLDR
This paper proposes a new method for planning randomized clinical trials, especially suited to comparison of a best standard or control treatment with an experimental treatment, which has the advantage that, before providing consent, a patient will know whether an experimental therapy is to be used.Abstract:
This paper proposes a new method for planning randomized clinical trials. This method is especially suited to comparison of a best standard or control treatment with an experimental treatment. Patients are allocated into two groups by a random or chance mechanism. Patients in the first group receive standard treatment; those in the second group are asked if they will accept the experimental therapy; if they decline, they receive the best standard treatment. In the analyses of results, all those in the second group, regardless of treatment, are compared with those in the first group. Any loss of statistical efficiency can be overcome by increased numbers. This experimental plan is indeed a randomized clinical trial and has the advantage that, before providing consent, a patient will know whether an experimental treatment is to be used.read more
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Book
Practical statistics for medical research
TL;DR: Practical Statistics for Medical Research is a problem-based text for medical researchers, medical students, and others in the medical arena who need to use statistics but have no specialized mathematics background.
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Identification of Causal effects Using Instrumental Variables
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables
TL;DR: It is shown that the instrumental variables (IV) estimand can be embedded within the Rubin Causal Model (RCM) and that under some simple and easily interpretable assumptions, the IV estimand is the average causal effect for a subgroup of units, the compliers.
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CONSORT statement: extension to cluster randomised trials
TL;DR: This paper provides updated and extended guidance, based on the 2010 version of the CONSORT statement and the 2008consORT statement for the reporting of abstracts, on how to report the results of cluster randomised controlled trials.
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Mediterranean Diet, Traditional Risk Factors, and the Rate of Cardiovascular Complications After Myocardial Infarction Final Report of the Lyon Diet Heart Study
TL;DR: The protective effect of the Mediterranean dietary pattern was maintained up to 4 years after the first infarction, confirming previous intermediate analyses and indicating that a comprehensive strategy to decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality should include primarily a cardioprotective diet.
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