Journal ArticleDOI
Airfoil aerodynamics in icing conditions
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TLDR
In this paper, the effect of ice accretion on airfoil sections is analyzed and experimentally measured using simulation techniques for aerodynamic testing and compared to data with actual ice accretions.Abstract:
Methods of analyzing and experimentally measuring the effect of ice accretion on airfoil sections are presented. Empirical and analytical methods for predicting airfoil performance degradation due to ice are discussed. Ice simulation techniques for aerodynamic testing are presented and compared to data with actual ice accretions. The results show that simulation techniques to imitate the effect of ice on airfoil performance work well in most cases. Comparisons between predicted and measured airfoil performance with ice accretions are presented. For rime ice cases, the predictions compared well with experiments; but for glaze ice, a need for improved methods are seen.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aircraft Anti-Icing and De-Icing Techniques and Modeling
TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined accumulation parameter Cd drag coefficient Ci = lift coefficient Cm = moment coefficient Cp = pressure coefficient c = specific heat at constant pressure, J/(kg-K); airfoil chord, m D = propeller diameter, m; flexural stiffness, N-m D drag force, N d = droplet diameter, E = total collection efficiency / = freezing fraction g = acceleration caused from gravity, m/s Hi = ice thickness, m Hp = plate thickness.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of ice accretions on aircraft aerodynamics
TL;DR: A systematic and comprehensive review, correlation, and assessment of test results available in the public domain which address the aerodynamic performance and control degradations caused by various types of ice accretions on the lifting surfaces of fixed wing aircraft is presented in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aircraft icing: an ongoing threat to aviation safety
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the past research on aircraft icing is presented, including a simple introduction to the recently rising issue on supercooled large droplet (SLD) icing.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new extension for k–ω turbulence models to account for wall roughness
TL;DR: In this paper, a roughness extension for k-π turbulence models is proposed to account for surface roughness for transitionally and fully rough surfaces, which is based on the equivalent sand grain approach and accounts for theoretical considerations on the log-layer solution.
Journal ArticleDOI
An experimental investigation on the surface water transport process over an airfoil by using a digital image projection technique
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental investigation was conducted to characterize the transient behavior of the surface water film and rivulet flows driven by boundary layer airflows over a NACA0012 airfoil in order to elucidate underlying physics of the important micro-physical processes pertinent to aircraft icing phenomena.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Calculation of Turbulent Boundary Layers on Rough Surfaces in Pressure Gradient
TL;DR: In this article, the rough surface skin-friction relations previously described in the literature are expanded in scope and range of applicability, and the resulting equations are combined with the momemtum integral equation and an auxiliary equation for the shape factor to provide a calculation method for predicting the growth of the turbulent boundary layer over a rough surface in pressure gradient.
Rime ice accretion and its effect on airfoil performance
TL;DR: In this article, a methodology was developed to predict the growth of rime ice, and the resulting aerodynamic penalty on unprotected, subcritical, airfoil surfaces, and a numerical solution was obtained to forecast the mass flux of super cooled water droplets freezing on impact.
Light aircraft lift, drag, and moment prediction: A review and analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the historical development of analytical methods for predicting the lift, drag, and pitching moment of complete light aircraft configurations in cruising flight and discussed interference effects and techniques for summing the results.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils with ice accretions
Michael B. Bragg,G. M. Gregorek +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a wind tunnel test to evaluate the performance of an airfoil with simulated rime ice is presented with theoretical comparisons, and the measured degradation in performance is compared to an analytical method with empirical corrections for the surface roughness.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
An Experimental Study of Airfoil Icing Characteristics
TL;DR: In this article, a full scale general aviation wing with a NACA 63 sub 2 A415 airfoil section was tested to determine icing characteristics for representative rime and glaze icing conditions.