Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of postural muscle strength in sitting: reliability of measures obtained with hand-held dynamometry in individuals with spinal cord injury.
TLDR
The use of hand-held dynamometry to assess postural muscle strength for maintaining upright sitting in individuals with SCI has high intrarater and interrater reliability and future research is needed to identify the minimum muscle strength required to maintain the seated posture and to understand how this measure relates to seated postural control and balance.Abstract:
Background and purpose Muscle weakness frequently impairs the ability to maintain upright sitting in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The primary purpose of this study was to examine the intrarater and interrater reliability of hand-held dynamometry to assess postural muscle strength for maintaining upright sitting in individuals with SCI. We also assessed reliability of forces measured in four directions of force application and of measures obtained by experienced versus student physical therapist examiners. Methods Twenty-nine individuals with SCI (mean age, 32.4 +/- 11.0 years; injury level C4-L1; American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) classification A-D) participated in this study. The raters were two experienced physical therapists and two student physical therapists. Force was applied to the anterior, posterior, and right and left lateral trunk. Values were acquired in a group of participants who did not require upper extremity support for sitting (n = 22) and a group who did require upper extremity support (n = 7). Results Intrarater reliability was good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.80-0.98 [unsupported]; 0.79-0.99 [supported]) for all raters in the four directions of force application. Interrater reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.97-0.99 [unsupported]; 0.96-0.98 [supported]) for all directions. There were no significant differences among peak forces obtained among the four directions of force application or by experienced raters compared with student raters. Discussion and conclusion The use of hand-held dynamometry to assess postural muscle strength for maintaining upright sitting in individuals with SCI has high intrarater and interrater reliability. The direction of force application and experience of the rater did not influence the level of reliability. Future research is needed to identify the minimum muscle strength required to maintain the seated posture and to understand how this measure relates to seated postural control and balance.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Principles of Neural Science
TL;DR: The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or her own research.
Spinal Cord Injury
Journal ArticleDOI
Validity and reliability of the modified sphygmomanometer test to assess strength of the lower limbs and trunk muscles after stroke.
Lucas A. C. Souza,Júlia Caetano Martins,Luci Fuscaldi Teixeira-Salmela,Eliza Maria Lara,Juliana Braga Moura,Larissa Tavares Aguiar,Christina Danielli Coelho de Morais Faria +6 more
TL;DR: In general, the MST showed adequate criterion-related validity, test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities for the assessment of strength of the lower limb and trunk muscles in subjects with chronic stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autism severity and muscle strength: A correlation analysis
Janet K. Kern,David A. Geier,James B. Adams,Melissa R. Troutman,Georgia Davis,Paul G. King,John L. Young,Mark R. Geier +7 more
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that hand grip strength in children with ASD is related to the severity of the disorder, and further research is needed to determine the extent and consistency of the muscle weakness and possible treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Handgrip strength in autism spectrum disorder compared with controls.
Janet K. Kern,David A. Geier,James B. Adams,Melissa R. Troutman,Georgia Davis,Paul G. King,Mark R. Geier +6 more
TL;DR: Support is provided for the use of handgrip strength as a tool for the assessment of targeted treatment in ASD because the handheld dynamometer has been shown to be a valid tool for measuring overall muscle strength.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Principles of Neural Science
TL;DR: The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or her own research.
Book
Motor Control: Theory and Practical Applications
TL;DR: This text bridges the gap between research/theory and practice by focusing on the scientific and experimental basis of new motor control theories by specifically illustrating how recent findings and theories can be applied to clinical practice.
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Muscles, Testing and Function: With Posture and Pain
TL;DR: The Limited 50th Anniversary Edition of this classic text celebrates 50 years in the market with unparalleled coverage of manual muscle testing, plus covers the evaluation and treatment of faulty and painful postural conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Components of postural dyscontrol in the elderly: a review.
TL;DR: The concept of a generalized aging effect on a generalized balance mechanism is discussed, and an alternative, multicomponent approach to understanding the heterogeneity of postural dyscontrol in the elderly is presented.
Book
Daniel's and Worthingham's muscle testing : techniques of manual examination
TL;DR: The motor Nerve Roots and the Muscles They Innervate are examined, as well as the role of the Cranial and Peripheral Nerves, in the development of muscular dystrophy in infants and children.