Journal ArticleDOI
Bystander intervention in emergencies: Diffusion of responsibility.
John M. Darley,Bibb Latané +1 more
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This experiment suggests that the explanation for bystander inaction in real-life emergencies may lie more in the bystander's response to other observers than in his indifference to the victim.Abstract:
Ss overheard an epileptic seizure. They believed either that they alone heard the emergency, or that 1 or 4 unseen others were also present. As predicted the presence of other bystanders reduced the individual's feelings of personal responsibility and lowered his speed of reporting (p < .01). In groups of size 3, males reported no faster than females, and females reported no slower when the 1 other bystander was a male rather than a female. In general, personality and background measures were not predictive of helping. Bystander inaction in real-life emergencies is often explained by "apathy," "alienation," and "anomie." This experiment suggests that the explanation may lie more in the bystander's response to other observers than in his indifference to the victim.read more
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The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.
Roy F. Baumeister,Mark R. Leary +1 more
TL;DR: Existing evidence supports the hypothesis that the need to belong is a powerful, fundamental, and extremely pervasive motivation, and people form social attachments readily under most conditions and resist the dissolution of existing bonds.
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Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action.
TL;DR: Experiment 1 showed that participants whose concept of rudeness was printed interrupted the experimenter more quickly and frequently than did participants primed with polite-related stimuli, consistent with the content of that stereotype.
Journal ArticleDOI
The psychology of social impact.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a theory of social impact specifying the effect of other persons on an in-dividual, where other people are the source of impact and the individual is the target, and impact should be a multiplicative function of the strength, immediacy and number of other people.
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Gender and Helping Behavior. A Meta-Analytic Review of the Social Psychological Literature
Alice H. Eagly,Maureen Crowley +1 more
TL;DR: According to the social role theory of gender and helping as mentioned in this paper, the male gender role fosters helping that is heroic and chivalrous, whereas the female gender role fosterers helping behavior that is nurturant and caring.
Book
Research Methods in Psychology
TL;DR: Research Methods in Psychology as discussed by the authors unifies students' passion for psychology with their interest in answering questions about behavior and mental processes, and introduces students to an array of methodological tools psychologists use in their research - from the basics of scientific inquiry, ethical conduct, and controlled observation to correlational, experimental and applied approaches to research.
References
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Social Learning and Imitation
TL;DR: In this paper, Miller and Dollard discuss the importance of imitation in social learning and imitation is a pervasive and universal process that its significance has been overlooked, perhaps because imitation is easy to be lightly passed over.
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Liking and response to dependency relationships.
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