The paper presents a brief review of the pre- sent state of high-temperature borate crystal chemistry. This review summarizes the results of high- and low-tem- perature single crystal X-ray diffraction studies for more than 10 borate structures and high-temperature powder X- ray diffraction data for about 65 borates. Thermal behavior of their crystal structures, thermal expansion, polymorphic transitions and their relationship to borate glasses are pre- sented. These studies allow to formulate the basic princi- ples of high-temperature borate crystal chemistry and to reveal the regularities of thermal behavior of borates. On heating, the BO3 and BO4 polyhedra and rigid groups con- sisting of these polyhedra, practically maintain their con- figuration and size, but they are able to rotate like hinges exhibiting highly anisotropic thermal expansion, including linear negative expansion. Based on these results, we gen- eralize the term "rigid group" and render thermal vibra- tions as the key ingredient for the self-assembly of borate rigid groups.

Cesium Lithium Borate: a New Nonlinear Optical Crystal

High-temperature borate crystal chemistry

Interests in the use of borate crystals in ultraviolet nonlinear optics have increased because all-solid-state UV lasers obtained with NLO crystals are in highly demand for scientific and industrial applications. Recently, new borate crystals, CsLiB6O10 and GdxY1-xCa4O(BO3)3 have been developed by the present authors. CsLiB6O10 is for fourth- and fifth-harmonic generations of Nd:YAG laser, GdxY1-xCa4O(BO3)3 for third-harmonic generation. This paper reviews the growth and nonlinear optical properties of these new borate crystals and the progress in UV light generation.

Cesium Lithium Borate: a New Nonlinear Optical Crystal

Citations

High-temperature borate crystal chemistry

Development of new nlo borate crystals

Study on optical weak absorption of borate crystals

Phase formation in Li2O–Rb2O–B2O3 system and investigation of crystal structure of rubidium lithium borate RbLiB6O10·nH2O

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