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Civilization and Capitalism, 15th-18th Century

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The article was published on 1981-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 944 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Civilization & Capitalism.

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Entrepreneurship: Productive, Unproductive, and Destructive

TL;DR: In this article, historical evidence from ancient Rome, early China, and the Middle Ages and Renaissance in Europe is used to investigate the hypotheses that, while the total supply of entrepreneurs varies among societies, the productive contribution of the society's entrepreneurial activities varies much more because of their allocation between productive activities and largely unproductive activities such as rent seeking or organized crime.
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Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Cultural Economy

TL;DR: Most often, the homogenization argument subspeciates into either an argument about Americanization, or anargument about "commoditization", and very often the two arguments are closely linked as discussed by the authors. But these arguments fail to consider that at least as rapidly as forces from various metropolises are brought into new societies they tend to become indigenized in one or other way.
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Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors Are Reliably Important?

TL;DR: This article examined the relative importance of many factors in the capital structure decisions of publicly traded American firms from 1950 to 2003 and found that the most reliable factors for explaining market leverage are: median industry leverage, market-to-book assets ratio (−), tangibility (+), profits (−), log of assets (+), and expected inflation (+).
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Geography and Economic Development

TL;DR: The authors investigate the ways in which geography may matter directly for growth, controlling for economic policies and institutions, as well as the effects of geography on policy choices and institutions and find that location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth, through their effects on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity.
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The financialization of the American economy

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present systematic empirical evidence for the financialization of the US economy in the post-1970s period and develop two discrete measures of financialization and apply these measures to postwar US economic data in order to determine if, and to what extent, US economy is becoming financialized.