Journal ArticleDOI
Confidence intervals following group sequential tests.
Myron N. Chang,Peter C. O'Brien +1 more
TLDR
Numerical examples showed that, by ordering the sample space using the likelihood principle, the method is able to shorten the length of the intervals and to obtain more accurate coverage of probability relative to previously proposed methods.About:
This article is published in Controlled Clinical Trials.The article was published on 1986-03-01. It has received 79 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: CDF-based nonparametric confidence interval & Robust confidence intervals.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Optimal two-stage designs for phase II clinical trials.
TL;DR: Two-stage designs that are optimal in the sense that the expected sample size is minimized if the regimen has low activity subject to constraints upon the size of the type 1 and type 2 errors are presented.
Sequential analysis: some classical problems and new challenges
TL;DR: A brief review of the developments in several classical problems of sequential analysis and their applications to biomedicine, economics and engi- neering can be found in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interim analyses in randomized clinical trials: ramifications and guidelines for practitioners.
Nancy L. Geller,Stuart J. Pocock +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the consequences of group sequential methods on the design and analysis of randomized clinical trials, and provide guidelines for the conduct of interim analysis including tables of nominal significance levels and required sample sizes for several group sequential plans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parameter estimation following group sequential hypothesis testing
TL;DR: In this article, an ordering of the sample space based on the maximum likelihood estimate of the mean of a normal distribution with known variance is investigated, which results in estimates which compare favourably with estimates computed from orderings investigated by Tsiatis, Rosner & Mehta (1984) and Chang & O'Brien (1986) for a variety of group sequential designs.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A multiple testing procedure for clinical trials.
TL;DR: The overall size of the procedure is shown to be controlled with virtually the same accuracy as the single sample chi-square test based on N(m1 + m2) observations and the power is found to bevirtually the same.
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Group sequential methods in the design and analysis of clinical trials
TL;DR: In this article, a group sequential design is proposed to divide patient entry into a number of equal-sized groups so that the decision to stop the trial or continue is based on repeated significance tests of the accumulated data after each group is evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
One-Sample Multiple Testing Procedure for Phase II Clinical Trials
TL;DR: A one-sample multiple testing procedure is proposed which employs the standard single-stage test procedure at the last test, and which both allows for early termination and essentially preserves the size, power and simplicity of the single- stage procedure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repeated Significance Tests on Accumulating Data
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a test criterion which takes the form of a standardized cumulative sum of deviations from expectation divided by its standard error will, with probability one, eventually reach any preassigned value.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exact confidence intervals following a group sequential test.
TL;DR: A numerical method is used to compute confidence intervals for the mean of a normal distribution following a group sequential test, which uses an ordering of the sample space similar to that employed by Siegmund.