BookDOI
Connectionist Models of Social Reasoning and Social Behavior
Stephen J. Read,Lynn C. Miller +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors present an interactive activation and competition model of social perception and social categorization in a recurrent connectionist network, which is used to model social influence and group interaction.Abstract:
Contents: Preface. Part I: Person Perception and Impression Formation. P. Thagard, Z. Kunda, Making Sense of People: Coherence Mechanisms. S.J. Read, L.C. Miller, On the Dynamic Construction of Meaning: An Interactive Activation and Competition Model of Social Perception. Part II: Stereotyping and Social Categorization. Y. Kashima, J. Woolcock, D. King, The Dynamics of Group Impression Formation: The Tensor Product Model of Exemplar-Based Social Category Learning. E.R. Smith, J. DeCoster, Person Perception and Stereotyping: Simulation Using Distributed Representations in a Recurrent Connectionist Network. Part III: Causal Reasoning. F. Van Overwalle, D. Van Rooy, A Connectionist Approach to Causal Attribution. Part IV: Personality and Behavior. Y. Shoda, W. Mischel, Personality as a Stable Cognitive-Affective Activation Network: Characteristic Patterns of Behavior Variation Emerge From a Stable Personality Structure. Part V: Attitudes and Beliefs. T.R. Shultz, M.R. Lepper, The Consonance Model of Dissonance Reduction. M. Ranney, P. Schank, Toward an Integration of the Social and the Scientific: Observing, Modeling, and Promoting the Explanatory Coherence of Reasoning. Part VI: Social Influence and Group Interaction. A. Nowak, R.R. Vallacher, Toward Computational Social Psychology: Cellular Automata and Neural Network Models of Interpersonal Dynamics. J.R. Eiser, M.J.A. Claessen, J.J. Loose, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Other Minds: Shared Representations in Self-Organizing Systems.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Complexity Theory and Organization Science
TL;DR: This work states that applying complex adaptive systems models to strategic management leads to an emphasis on building systems that can rapidly evolve effective adaptive solutions, and new types of models that incorporate these elements will push organization science forward.
Book ChapterDOI
Knowledge Building: Theory, Pedagogy, and Technology
Abstract: There are substantial similarities between deep learning and the processes by which knowledge advances in the disciplines. During the 1960s efforts to exploit these similarities gave rise to learning by discovery, guided discovery, inquiry learning, and Science: A Process Approach (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1967). Since these initial reform efforts, scholars have learned a great deal about how knowledge advances. A mere listing of keywords suggests the significance and diversity of ideas that have come to prominence since the 1960s: approaches have changed in response to some of these developments; there is a greater emphasis on collaborative rather than individual inquiry, the tentative nature of empirical laws is more often noted, and argumentation has become an important part of some approaches. But the new " knowledge of knowledge " has much larger educational implications: Ours is a knowledge-creating civilization. A growing number of " knowledge societies " (Stehr, 1994), are joined in a deliberate effort to advance all the frontiers of knowledge. Sustained knowledge advancement is seen as essential for social progress of all kinds and for the solution of societal problems. From this standpoint the fundamental task of education is to enculturate youth into this knowledge-creating civilization and to help them find a place in it. In light of this challenge, both traditional education, with its emphasis on knowledge transmission, and the newer constructivist methods, appear as limited in scope if not entirely missing the point. Knowledge building, as elaborated in this chapter, represents an attempt to refashion education in a fundamental way, so that it becomes a coherent effort to initiate students into a knowledge creating culture. Accordingly, it involves students not only
Journal ArticleDOI
Mind at ease puts a smile on the face: Psychophysiological evidence that processing facilitation elicits positive affect
TL;DR: The authors predicted that facilitation of stimulus processing should elicit a brief, mild, positive affective response, and the findings suggest a close link between processing dynamics and affect and may help understand several preference phenomena, including the mere-exposure effect.
Book
The Rationalizing Voter
Milton Lodge,Charles S. Taber +1 more
TL;DR: This paper developed and tested a dual-process theory of political beliefs, attitudes, and behavior, claiming that all thinking, feeling, reasoning, and doing have an automatic component as well as a conscious deliberative component.
DatasetDOI
Experimental practices in economics: A methodological challenge for psychologists?
Ralph Hertwig,Andreas Ortmann +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider four features of ex- perimentation in economics, namely, script enactment, repeated trials, performance-based monetary payments and the proscription against deception, and compare them to experimental practices in psychology, primarily in the area of behavioral decision making.