Journal ArticleDOI
Control of rate and duration of speech movements
David J. Ostry,Kevin G. Munhall +1 more
TLDR
The data suggest that a wide range of changes in the duration of individual movements might all have a similar origin, and the control of movement rate and duration through the specification of biomechanical characteristics of speech articulators is discussed.Abstract:
A computerized pulsed‐ultrasound system was used to monitor tongue dorsum movements during the production of consonant‐vowel sequences in which speech rate, vowel, and consonant were varied. The kinematics of tongue movement were analyzed by measuring the lowering gesture of the tongue to give estimates of movement amplitude, duration, and maximum velocity. All three subjects in the study showed reliable correlations between the amplitude of the tongue dorsum movement and its maximum velocity. Further, the ratio of the maximum velocity to the extent of the gesture, a kinematic indicator of articulator stiffness, was found to vary inversely with the duration of the movement. This relationship held both within individual conditions and across all conditions in the study such that a single function was able to accommodate a large proportion of the variance due to changes in movement duration. As similar findings have been obtained both for abduction and adduction gestures of the vocal folds and for rapid voluntary limb movements, the data suggest that a wide range of changes in the duration of individual movements might all have a similar origin. The control of movement rate and duration through the specification of biomechanical characteristics of speech articulators is discussed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Articulatory gestures as phonological units
TL;DR: It is argued that dynamically defined articulatory gestures are the appropriate units to serve as the atoms of phonological representation, and the phonological notation developed for the gestural approach might usefully be incorporated, in whole or in part, into other phonologies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards an articulatory phonology
TL;DR: An approach to phonological representation based on describing an utterance as an organised pattern of overlapping articulatory gestures is proposed, providing a principled link between phonological and physical description.
Book ChapterDOI
Papers in Laboratory Phonology: Tiers in articulatory phonology, with some implications for casual speech
C. P. Browman,Louis Goldstein +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a computational model for articulatory organization is proposed to represent linguistic structures in terms of coordinated articulatory movements, called gestures, that are themselves organized into a gestural score that resembles an autosegmental representation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Speech sound acquisition, coarticulation, and rate effects in a neural network model of speech production.
TL;DR: A neural network model of speech motor skill acquisition and speech production that explains a wide range of data on variability, motor equivalence, coarticulation, and rate effects is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adaptability of innate motor patterns and motor control mechanisms.
TL;DR: It is proposed that central regulation of stretch reflex thresholds governs voluntary control over muscle force and length and concluded that voluntary movements are effected by the central nervous system with the help of the mechanisms that underlie the variability and modifiability of innate motor patterns.
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