Open AccessDOI
Corridor report on the United Kingdom : the immigration, emigration and diaspora policies' effects on integration : Chinese and Indian migrants in the UK
TLDR
In this article, the authors present an overview of the evolution of Chinese and Indian migration flows to the UK, and then present the current policy frameworks at both destination and origin, before analyzing how they affect the integration trends of Chinese migrants in the UK.Abstract:
This paper presents the first results of the INTERACT project on Chinese and Indian migrants in the
United Kingdom (UK). It is based on the data gathered by the project using a mixed method of data
collection and analysis. We identify the policies of the states of origin (India and China) and
destination (the UK), their implementation and their impact on migrants’ integration paths in the UK.
In this paper, we first present an overview of the evolution of Chinese and Indian migration flows to
the UK, and then present the current policy frameworks at both destination and origin, before
analysing how they affect the integration trends of Chinese and Indian migrants in the UK. Even
though contemporary Indian migrants – and to an even greater extent, Chinese migrants – living in the
UK are highly skilled migrants, they do not automatically integrate into British society. Although
Chinese migrants are better educated than Indian migrants, fewer hold a British passport, and more are
unemployed. The position of Chinese and Indian migrants in British society seems to be the
consequence of the combination of the origin and destination countries’ policies. These policies indeed
influence current and past migration flows, namely through entry conditions to the UK, and exit
policies at origin. In addition, both the year of arrival and the duration of stay impact migrants’
integration. Since the migration flows from India are older than those from the People’s Republic of
China (PRC), Indian migrants speak better English than Chinese migrants and more often own a
home, hold a British passport and identify as British. State policies at destination and origin also affect
the way that migrant communities are organized and integrated into mainstream society. Chinese
migrants, who in recent years have mainly been students, have more connections with the PRC than
Indian migrants do with their state of origin since new Chinese civil society organisations based in the
UK have close ties with the Chinese State. These associations are also aware of Chinese migrants’
potential difficulties with integration, and thus try to counterbalance it. Destination and origin policies
can thus affect migrants’ opportunity structures differently over time and have both a direct and
indirect effect on migrant integration in the long run.read more
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