Defeasible Classifications and Inferences from Definitions
Douglas Walton,Fabrizio Macagno +1 more
TLDR
It is argued that it is possible to argue reasonably for and against arguments from classifications and definitions, provided they are seen as defeasible (subject to exceptions and critical questioning), and how such schemes can be identified with heuristics, or short-cut solutions to a problem.Abstract:
We contend that it is possible to argue reasonably for and against arguments from classifications and definitions, provided they are seen as defeasible (subject to exceptions and critical questioning). Arguments from classification of the most common sorts are shown to be based on defeasible reasoning of various kinds represented by patterns of logical reasoning called defeasible argumentation schemes. We show how such schemes can be identified with heuristics, or short-cut solutions to a problem. We examine a variety of arguments of this sort, including argument from abductive classification, argument from causal classification, argument from analogy-based classification and arguments from classification based on generalizations.read more
Citations
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In Two Minds. Dual Processes and Beyond
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to solve the problem of "uniformity" in the literature.and.and, and, respectively, the authors' work.
Posted Content
What We Hide in Words: Emotive Words and Persuasive Definitions
Fabrizio Macagno,Douglas Walton +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the argumentative use of emotive words is studied in the recent literature on persuasive definitions, and it is shown that persuasive definitions are legitimate because they modify the emotive meaning denotation of a persuasive term in a way that contains an implicit argument from values.
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Classifying the Patterns of Natural Arguments
Fabrizio Macagno,Douglas Walton +1 more
TL;DR: This article proposes a dichotomous criterion of classification, transcending both levels of abstraction and representing not what an argument is but how it is understood and interpreted, to provide an effective and comprehensive classification system for this matrix of semantic and quasilogical connections.
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What Students’ Arguments Can Tell Us: Using Argumentation Schemes in Science Education
TL;DR: In this paper, an argumentation scheme, namely abstract patterns of argument, can be used to reconstruct the tacit premises in students' argumentative reasoning and retrieve the background beliefs that are the basis of their arguments.
Journal ArticleDOI
What Students’ Arguments Can Tell Us: Using Argumentation Schemes in Science Education
TL;DR: In this paper, an argumentation scheme, namely abstract patterns of argument, can be used to reconstruct the tacit premises in students' argumentative reasoning and retrieve the background beliefs that are the basis of their arguments.
References
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Gerd Gigerenzer,Peter M. Todd +1 more
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