Journal ArticleDOI
Differential scanning calorimetric study of frozen sucrose and glycerol solutions
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In this article, the authors investigated the second-order transition in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram for sucrose and glycerol solutions as a function of moisture content.Abstract:
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms have been recorded for sucrose and glycerol solutions as a function of moisture content. Simple second-order transitions were observed at the glass transition for the higher concentration samples which did not form ice. More complicated thermograms were observed from the lower solution concentrations which formed ice. The origin of these transitions in the DSC thermograms from frozen solutions is discussed, together with the methods used to calculate the amount of ice in the freeze-concentrated solutions. The glass-transition temperatures (Tg) and the ice-melting temperatures (Tm) were used to construct the supplemented phase diagrams for both of these solutes. The maximum freeze concentration (C′g) for sucrose is determined to be 81.2% sucrose, and is shown by a novel experimental approach to occur at a temperature (T′g) of –40 °C.read more
Citations
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BookDOI
Principles and applications of thermal analysis
TL;DR: A Practical Introduction to Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) is given in this article, along with a discussion of the application of DSC in electrical cable manufacturing.
Journal ArticleDOI
The relevance of the amorphous state to pharmaceutical dosage forms: glassy drugs and freeze dried systems
TL;DR: The nature of the glassy state will be described, with particular emphasis on the molecular processes associated with glass transitional behaviour and the use of thermal methods for characterising the glass transition temperature, Tg.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do atmospheric aerosols form glasses
TL;DR: In this paper, a new process is presented by which water soluble organics might influence ice nucleation, ice growth, chemical reactions and water uptake of aerosols in the upper troposphere: the formation of glassy aerosol particles.
Book ChapterDOI
Glass transitions and water-food structure interactions
Louise Slade,Harry Levine +1 more
TL;DR: The chapter reviews some theoretical principles from the field of synthetic polymer science that have been shown to be applicable to the studies of the glassy state phenomenon in foods and illustrates various recent examples of the way it has been used to define structure–function relationships in food products and processes.
Patent
Solid dose delivery vehicle and methods of making same
TL;DR: In this paper, a solid dose delivery vehicle for ballistic administration of a bioactive material to subcutaneous and intradermal tissue, the delivery vehicle being sized and shaped for penetrating the epidermis.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Calorimetric Study of the Glassy State. IV. Heat Capacities of Glassy Water and Cubic Ice
TL;DR: In this paper, the glass transition phenomenon was found near 135°K with the sudden change of the heat capacity amounting to 35 J/(mol°K) and the drastic crystallization with the exothermic effect which amounts to 1.64 kJ/mol was then followed at this temperature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of Specific Heat Functions by Differential Scanning Calorimetry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-equilibrium behavior of small carbohydrate-water systems
Louise Slade,Harry Levine +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, small carbohydrate-water systems provide a unique framework for the investigation of non-equilibrium behavior: definition of conditions for its empirical demonstration, examination of materials properties that allow its description and control, identification of appropriate experimental approaches, and exploration of theoretical interpretations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aspects of the glass transition behaviour of mixtures of carbohydrates of low molecular weight.
TL;DR: The glass transition temperature (Tg) values for carbohydrates alone and in binary mixtures have been determined using differential scanning calorimetry and the observed behaviour was compared with that predicted from a thermodynamic approach.