Journal ArticleDOI
Does e‐cigarette consumption cause passive vaping?
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TLDR
The present study aims at the determination of the release of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and (ultra)fine particles (FP/UFP) from an e-cigarette under near-to-real-use conditions in an 8-m(3) emission test chamber.Abstract:
Electronic cigarette consumption (vaping) is marketed as an alterna- tive to conventional tobacco smoking. Technically, a mixture of chemicals containing carrier liquids, flavors, and optionally nicotine is vaporized and in- haled. The present study aims at the determination of the release of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and (ultra)fine particles (FP/UFP) from an e-ciga- rette under near-to-real-use conditions in an 8-m 3 emission test chamber. Fur- thermore, the inhaled mixture is analyzed in small chambers. An increase in FP/ UFP and VOC could be determined after the use of the e-cigarette. Prominent components in the gas-phase are 1,2-propanediol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, diacetin, flavorings, and traces of nicotine. As a consequence, passive vaping must be expected from the consumption of e-cigarettes. Furthermore, the inhaled aerosol undergoes changes in the human lung that is assumed to be attributed to deposition and evaporation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Electronic cigarettes: review of use, content, safety, effects on smokers and potential for harm and benefit
TL;DR: Allowing EC to compete with cigarettes in the market-place might decrease smoking-related morbidity and mortality and health professionals may consider advising smokers unable or unwilling to quit through other routes to switch to EC as a safer alternative to smoking and a possible pathway to complete cessation of nicotine use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical evaluation of electronic cigarettes
TL;DR: The available evidence evaluating the chemicals in refill solutions, cartridges, aerosols and environmental emissions of electronic cigarettes, and the delivery of nicotine and the release of TSNAs, aldehydes and metals, is reviewed to inform an evaluation of the toxicity potential of e-cigarettes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trends in Electronic Cigarette Use Among U.S. Adults: Use is Increasing in Both Smokers and Nonsmokers
Robert McMillen,Mark A. Gottlieb,Regina M. Whitmore Shaefer,Jonathan P. Winickoff,Jonathan D. Klein +4 more
TL;DR: There has been rapid growth in ever and current electronic cigarette use over the past 4 years, with use highest among young adults and current cigarette smokers, suggesting that e-cigarettes contribute to primary nicotine addiction and to renormalization of tobacco use.
Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review of health effects of electronic cigarettes
TL;DR: No firm conclusions can be drawn on the safety of ECs due to many methodological problems, severe conflicts of interest, the relatively few and often small studies, the inconsistencies and contradictions in results, and the lack of long-term follow-up.
Journal ArticleDOI
“Smoking Revolution”: A Content Analysis of Electronic Cigarette Retail Websites
Rachel Grana,Pamela M. Ling +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the main advertising claims made on branded e-cigarette retail websites and find that 95% of the websites made explicit or implicit health-related claims, 64% had a smoking cessation-related claim, 22% featured doctors and 76% claimed that the product does not produce secondhand smoke.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Short-term Pulmonary Effects of Using an Electronic Cigarette: Impact on Respiratory Flow Resistance, Impedance, and Exhaled Nitric Oxide
Constantine I. Vardavas,Nektarios Anagnostopoulos,Marios Kougias,Vassiliki Evangelopoulou,Gregory N. Connolly,Panagiotis Behrakis,Panagiotis Behrakis +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that using an e-cigarette for 5 min led to an immediate decrease in F ENO within the experimental group by 2.14 ppb (P 5.005) but not in the control group (P5.859), total respiratory impedance at 5 Hz in the experimental groups was found to also increase by 0.033 kPa/(L/s) (P,.001), and fl ow respiratory resistance at 5, 10, and 20 Hz also statistically increased.
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Electronic cigarettes: a survey of users
TL;DR: Ecigarettes were used mainly to quit smoking, and may be helpful for this purpose, but several respondents were concerned about potential toxicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke: Emerging Evidence and Arguments for a Multidisciplinary Research Agenda
Georg E. Matt,Penelope J.E. Quintana,Hugo Destaillats,Lara A. Gundel,Mohamad Sleiman,Brett C. Singer,Peyton Jacob,Neal L. Benowitz,Jonathan P. Winickoff,Virender K. Rehan,Prue Talbot,Suzaynn F. Schick,Jonathan M. Samet,Yinsheng Wang,Bo Hang,Manuela Martins-Green,James F. Pankow,Melbourne F. Hovell +17 more
TL;DR: The existing evidence on thirdhand smoke (THS) provides strong support for pursuing a programmatic research agenda to close gaps in current understanding of the chemistry, exposure, toxicology, and health effects of THS, as well as its behavioral, economic, and sociocultural considerations and consequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of electronic cigarette cartridges, refill solutions, and smoke for nicotine and nicotine related impurities
Michael L. Trehy,Wei Ye,Michael E. Hadwiger,Terry Moore,James F. Allgire,Jeffrey T. Woodruff,Shafiq S. Ahadi,John C. Black,Benjamin J. Westenberger +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined nicotine and the nicotine related impurities, that is, cotinine, myosmine, anatabine, anabasine, and β-nicotyrine, in electronic cigarette cartridges, the liquid used to fill the cartridges, and from smoke generated using the electronic cigarette devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist in aviation emergency training: acute ocular and respiratory effects.
TL;DR: Short exposure to PG mist from artificial smoke generators may cause acute ocular and upper airway irritation in non-asthmatic subjects and a few may also react with cough and slight airway obstruction.