Journal ArticleDOI
Drawing on memory: exploring the expertise of a police artist.
Graham Davies,Melissa Little +1 more
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TLDR
Art students observed one of six target faces before either drawing a likeness of the person themselves or collaborating with an experienced police artist, and instructions to judge the target face in terms of likely character and personality led to better drawings.Abstract:
The use by the police of artists to draw likenesses of suspects is on the increase, yet there are few studies of their professional prowess. In the current study, art students observed one of six target faces before either drawing a likeness of the person themselves or collaborating with an experienced police artist. The likenesses produced by the police artist were judged as consistently superior to those made by the students, despite the artist working indirectly from the witnesses' verbal directions. Instructions to judge the target face in terms of likely character and personality led to better drawings than instruction to examine physical features when students worked with the artist but not when they drew on their own. These findings are discussed in terms of police practice and face processing theory.read more
Citations
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Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.
TL;DR: In this paper, the notion of a collective unconscious was introduced as a theory of remembering in social psychology, and a study of remembering as a study in Social Psychology was carried out.
Journal ArticleDOI
A forensically valid comparison of facial composite systems.
Charlie D. Frowd,Derek Carson,Hayley Ness,Jan Richardson,Lisa Morrison,Sarah Mclanaghan,Peter J. B. Hancock +6 more
TL;DR: This article performed an evaluation of E-Fit, PROfit, Sketch, Photofit, and EvoFIT composite construction techniques in a "forensically friendly format" where composites of unfamiliar targets were constructed from memory following a 3-4-hour delay using a Cognitive Interview and experienced operators.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contemporary composite techniques: The impact of a forensically-relevant target delay.
Charlie D. Frowd,Derek Carson,Hayley Ness,Dawn McQuiston-Surrett,Jan Richardson,Hayden Baldwin,Peter J. B. Hancock +6 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that, while likenesses can be achieved, few composites would be named in police work, and the composite sorting data provide further evidence that the computerized systems tested perform equivalently but are poorer than the manually-generated sketches.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of facial composite systems in US law enforcement agencies
TL;DR: A 39-item survey was developed to examine the prevalence of a number of procedures related to composite production, including the systems implemented, criteria for selecting systems, law enforcement training, satisfaction with systems, legal challenges, and procedural issues with respect to interviewing multiple witnesses and the distribution of composite images.
Journal ArticleDOI
Parallel approaches to composite production: interfaces that behave contrary to expectation.
Charlie D. Frowd,Vicki Bruce,Hayley Ness,Leslie Bowie,Jenny Paterson,Claire Thomson-Bogner,Alexander McIntyre,Peter J. B. Hancock +7 more
TL;DR: An advantage was found for feature encoding in EvoFIT, replicating a previous finding in this area, and also for a novel ‘holistic’ interview, and a benefit emerged under feature encoding.
References
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Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.
TL;DR: In this paper, the notion of a collective unconscious was introduced as a theory of remembering in social psychology, and a study of remembering as a study in Social Psychology was carried out.
Journal ArticleDOI
Memory for faces: encoding and retrieval operations.
Gary L. Wells,Brenda Hryciw +1 more
TL;DR: The match between trait encoding and recognition in yielding high memory performance suggests strongly that trait judgments foster holistic processing of faces and that the recognition of faces also is holistic, involving topographical information with between-feature processing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sketch artist and Identi-kit procedures for recalling faces.
TL;DR: In this article, the effectiveness of sketch artists and the Identi-kit face construction techniques was explored in a study in which 142 subjects worked with artists or identikit technicians to construct from description a sketch or an Identikit composite for each of 71 different white-male target faces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suspect identification following exposure to sketches and Identi-Kit composites
TL;DR: A facial recognition study explored the utility of two common image generation techniques—sketches and Identi-kit composites and found that sketches were better than composites in terms of recognition performance.
Book ChapterDOI
The use of memory by experts and novices
K.J. Gilhooly,Alison J. K. Green +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss differences in memory use by experts and novices in a number of problem domains, including chess, physics, mathematics, computer programming, map reading and political science.