Journal ArticleDOI
Ecology of mountain pine beetle (Coleoptera : Scolytidae) cold hardening in the intermountain West
TLDR
Seasonal patterns of cold-hardiness, as measured by supercooling points in the laboratory, were compared with seasonal patterns of host tree phloem temperatures at several geographic sites for 2 beetle generations to better understand cold tolerance capabilities.Abstract:
The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, spends the majority of its life cycle within the phloem of pine trees, experiencing exposure to temperatures below −30°C in many parts of their expansive range. To better understand cold tolerance capabilities of this insect, seasonal patterns of cold-hardiness, as measured by supercooling points in the laboratory, were compared with seasonal patterns of host tree phloem temperatures at several geographic sites for 2 beetle generations. Larvae were found to be intolerant of tissue freezing, and supercooling points measured appear to be a reasonable estimate of the lower limit for survival. Of the compounds analyzed, glycerol was found to be the major cryoprotectant. No differences in supercooling points were found among instars or between larvae collected from the north and south aspect of tree boles. Both phloem temperatures and supercooling points of larvae collected from within the phloem were found to be different among the geographic sites sampled. Mountain pine beetle larvae appear to respond to seasonal and yearly fluctuations in microhabitat temperatures by adjusting levels of cold hardening.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Change and Bark Beetles of the Western United States and Canada: Direct and Indirect Effects
Barbara J. Bentz,Jacques Régnière,Christopher J. Fettig,E. Matthew Hansen,Jane L. Hayes,Jeffrey A. Hicke,Rick G. Kelsey,Jose F. Negron,Steven J. Seybold +8 more
TL;DR: A synthesis of climate change effects on native bark beetles, important mortality agents of conifers in western North America, is provided and a movement of temperature suitability to higher latitudes and elevations is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing the impacts of global warming on forest pest dynamics
TL;DR: In this paper, the same attributes that result in an insect herbivore being termed a “pest” predispose it to disruption by climate change, particularly global warming.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tree mortality from drought, insects, and their interactions in a changing climate
William R. L. Anderegg,Jeffrey A. Hicke,Rosie A. Fisher,Craig D. Allen,Juliann E. Aukema,Barbara J. Bentz,Sharon M. Hood,Jeremy W. Lichstein,Alison K. Macalady,Nate G. McDowell,Yude Pan,Kenneth F. Raffa,Anna Sala,John D. Shaw,Nathan L. Stephenson,Christina L. Tague,Melanie J. B. Zeppel +16 more
TL;DR: Using data sets from the western USA and associated studies, a framework is presented for determining the relative contribution of drought stress, insect attack, and their interactions, critical for modeling mortality in future climates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential for Range Expansion of Mountain Pine Beetle into the Boreal Forest of North America
L. Safranyik,Allan L. Carroll,Jacques Régnière,David W. Langor,W. G. Riel,T. L. Shore,Brian J. Peter,Barry J. Cooke,Vincent G. Nealis,Stephen W. Taylor +9 more
TL;DR: The potential for mountain pine beetle to expand its historical range in North America from west of the continental divide into the eastern boreal forest was assessed on the basis of analyses of the effects of climate and weather on brood development and survival, and key aspects of the interaction of mountain pine beetles with its hosts and associated organisms.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Principles of Insect Cold-Hardiness
TL;DR: The principles of insect cold-hardiness will be discussed under three main headings : (a) chilling and cold-acclimation, (b) avoidance of freezing by supercooling, and (c) freezing-tolerance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insects at Low Temperature
TL;DR: A large number of the authors believe that overwintering in Insects and Other Terrestrial Arthropods is a viable option for Pest Management and that this practice should be considered as aogeneously.
Book ChapterDOI
Principles of Insect Low Temperature Tolerance
TL;DR: Insects, more than any other eukaryotic taxon, have evolved not only to survive but to flourish in a wide variety of thermal environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
A rapid cold-hardening process in insects
TL;DR: An extremely rapid cold-hardening response was observed in nonoverwintering stages that confers protection against injury due to cold shock at temperatures above the supercooling point.
Book ChapterDOI
Biochemistry of Cryoprotectants
TL;DR: The role of polyhydric alcohols in cryoprotection is probably the most extensively studied feature of insect cold hardiness as mentioned in this paper, and the importance of glycerol as a cryoprocessant was first recognized by R. W. Salt after he and others linked the presence of high levels of polyols with winter hibernation, diapause, or freezing survival.
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