Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of fasting on free and esterified carnitine levels in human serum and urine: Correlation with serum levels of free fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate
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TLDR
Serum and urine levels of free carnitine and its renal clearance decreased during the fast, however, the serum concentration and urinary excretion of acylcarnitines increased during the same interval, and a significant negative correlation was found between serum levels offree L-carn itine and beta-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids during thefast.Abstract:
Serum levels of free L-carnitine, acylcarnitines, creatinine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose were determined in healthy volunteers during a 24-36-hr fast. The effect of oral administration of free L-carnitine (1 g/person) on these parameters was studied. Urinary excretion of carnitine and creatinine was monitored throughout. Serum and urine levels of free carnitine and its renal clearance decreased during the fast. However, the serum concentration and urinary excretion of acylcarnitines increased during the same interval. Following the ingestion of free L-carnitine, both serum and urinary levels of free L-carnitine rose. Within 6 hr of ingestion, 10% of the administered dose could be accounted for by urinary excretion. No significant effect on the other serum constituents under study was seen following the oral L-carnitine dose. A significant negative correlation was found between serum levels of free L-carnitine and beta-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids (r equal -0.567, p less than 0.001 and r equal -0.607, p less than 0.001, respectively) during the fast.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Carnitine--metabolism and functions
TL;DR: The only firmly established function of carnitine is its function as a carrier of activated fatty acids and activated acetate across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and the regulation of its synthesis is still incompletely understood.
BRIEF REVIEWS Amphipathic Metabolites and Membrane Dysfunction in Ischemic Myocardium
TL;DR: In this paper, the metabolism of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and phospholipid catabolites which increase in ischemic myocardium and have been implicated as biochemical mediators of membrane dysfunction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Amphipathic metabolites and membrane dysfunction in ischemic myocardium.
TL;DR: This selective review will consider the metabolism of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and phospholipid catabolites which increase in ischemic myocardium and have been implicated as biochemical mediators of membrane dysfunction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acylcarnitines: Role in brain
TL;DR: Brain acylcarnitines can function in synthesizing lipids, altering and stabilizing membrane composition, modulating genes and proteins, improving mitochondrial function, increasing antioxidant activity, and enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pharmacokinetics of L-carnitine.
TL;DR: The renal clearance of L-carnitine increases after exogenous administration, approaching GFR after high intravenous doses, and many forms of secondary carnitine deficiency, including some drug-induced disorders, arise from impaired renal tubular re absorption.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative Determination of Serum Triglycerides by the Use of Enzymes
Giovanni Bucolo,Harold David +1 more
TL;DR: A novel method for determining serum triglycerides, in which an enzymatic hydrolysis replaces the more commonly used saponification procedure, which is simple, rapid, and requires only 50 µl or less of sample.
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Colorimetric ultramicro method for the determination of free fatty acids
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Journal ArticleDOI
An improved and simplified radioisotopic assay for the determination of free and esterified carnitine
J. D. McGarry,Daniel W. Foster +1 more
TL;DR: The radioisotopic assay for carnitine first described by Cederblad and Lindstedt and modified by Bohmer et al has been improved and simplified and yields a linear response over a wide range of carnItine concentrations without the need for excessive amounts of labeled acetyl-CoA.
Book ChapterDOI
Carnitine and its role in fatty acid metabolism.
TL;DR: Carnitine (s-hydroxy-γ-trimethylammonium butyrate) is widely distributed in tissues of animals, plants, and microorganisms, with highest concentrations in muscles of vertebrates and invertebrates as discussed by the authors.
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