Embarazo y parto en adolescentes

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/langlo/PIIS2214-109X%2814%2970227-X.pdf

Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis

Objective: To identify the most important antecedents associated with adolescent initiation of sex contraceptive use and pregnancy. Methods: Statistically significant antecedents in more than 250 studies were identified and summarized. Results: More than 100 antecedents create a complex and detailed picture of the correlates of adolescent sexual behaviors. They describe characteristics of the adolescents themselves their partners peers families schools and communities as well as relationships to these entities. They included antecedents that were inherently sexual and nonsexual. Conclusions: To reduce teen pregnancy substantially multiple sexual and nonsexual antecedents in different clusters may need to be addressed. (authors)

Antecedents of adolescent initiation of sex, contraceptive use, and pregnancy.

Objective Few Canadian studies have examined the association between adolescent pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes The objective of this cohort study was to characterize the association between adolescent pregnancy and specific adverse maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes, as well as maternal health behaviours. Methods We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study of all singleton births in Ontario between January 2006 and December 2010, using the Better Outcomes Registry & Network database Outcomes for pregnant women Results This study included 551 079 singleton birth records, 23 992 (4.35%) of which derived from adolescent pregnancies. Adolescents had a higher rate of smoking and substance use than adult women and were within the lowest education and family income quintiles. Adolescents had a significantly lower risk of gestational hypertension (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0.73) and gestational diabetes (aRR 0.34), placental abruption (aRR 0.80), and placenta previa (aRR 0.36), but their risk of preterm premature rupture of membranes was significantly higher (RR 1.16). Adolescents had a significantly higher proportion of spontaneous vaginal delivery (aRR 1.76), significantly lower rates of use of epidural analgesia (aRR 0.93), of Caesarean section (aRR 0.57), and of assisted vaginal delivery (aRR 0.76), but a significantly higher risk of emergency CS (aRR 1.31). Neonates with an adolescent mother had significantly higher risks of admission to NICU (aRR 1.08) and very preterm birth (aRR 1.16). There was no significant difference between the two groups in rates of small for gestational age babies, low birth weight, preterm birth, and fetal death. Adolescents had significantly lower rates of prenatal class attendance, prenatal visits in the first trimester, and breastfeeding. Conclusion This large Canadian cohort study confirms that, compared with adults, adolescents have improved outcomes such as lower rates of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, antepartum hemorrhage, and operative deliveries However, adolescents also have higher sociodemographic risk factors and seek prenatal care later than adults These risk factors in combination with young age, lead to other important maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal adverse outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of multidisciplinary prenatal management in the adolescent population to address their high-risk needs, to ensure healthy pregnancies, and to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes.

https://www.jogc.com/article/S1701-2163(15)30995-6/pdf

Adolescent Pregnancy Outcomes in the Province of Ontario: A Cohort Study

En France, en 2010, 50 % des femmes de 15-49 ans
concernees par la contraception utilisent la pilule. La
proportion d’utilisatrices a legerement diminue depuis le
debut des annees 2000, la baisse etant compensee par
l’adoption de nouvelles methodes hormonales de contraception (implant, patch contraceptif et anneau vaginal)
sauf chez les 20-24 ans. Le recours au sterilet (DIU) continue de diminuer legerement et l'utilisation du preservatif
progresse. La sterilisation contraceptive n’est utilisee que
par une minorite de femmes alors qu’elle a ete legalisee
en 2001 comme methode contraceptive. Environ 3 % de
femmes n’utilisent pas de contraception du tout alors
qu’elles ne souhaitent pas etre enceintes. Cette situation
est plus frequente chez les femmes confrontees a une
situation financiere difficile, peu ou pas diplomees, ou
vivant en milieu rural.

/pdf/la-contraception-en-france-nouveau-contexte-nouvelles-4fyv44eud3.pdf

Embarazo y parto en adolescentes

References

Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis

Antecedents of adolescent initiation of sex, contraceptive use, and pregnancy.

Adolescent Pregnancy Outcomes in the Province of Ontario: A Cohort Study

La contraception en France : nouveau contexte, nouvelles pratiques ?

Association between abuse history and adolescent pregnancy: a meta-analysis.