Journal ArticleDOI
Factors associated with the incidence of acute bilirubin encephalopathy in Nigerian population
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Cause of jaundice were septicemia, G6PD deficiency, ABO incompatibility, low birth weight and rhesus isoimmunization in decreasing order of frequency, and maternal factors include low socioeconomic status, teenage and low parity statuses of the mothers.Abstract:
Acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) is still a major and common health problem in developing countries in spite of the availability and efficacy of phototherapy and exchange blood transfusion. In developing countries, the prevalence of kernicterus has not shown any reduction because many babies with jaundice present very late in well established kernicterus. The study was done to determine the factors responsible for the late presentation of neonatal jaundice and development of ABE among the patients presenting with this condition in our health facility. All newborns presenting with ABE at the special care baby unit of the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria were prospectively studied. The diagnosis of ABE was made clinically if there were neurologic abnormalities associated with hyperbilirubinemia. Twenty-eight (3.2%) of 882 babies admitted over 3 yr had ABE. There were 21 males, 7 females, and the male: female ratio 3:1. Twenty-two (78.6%) of the mothers saw at least one health worker more than 24 hr before presentation. Three (10.4%) other mothers who noticed the jaundice did not initiate any treatment while the remaining three (10.4%) mothers did not notice the jaundice in their babies until they presented at the health facility with the complaint of failure to suck. Prescribed medications before presentation were oral antibiotics, hematinics and gentamicin injections, a solution of Naphthalene balls in water and an extract of local herbs made from Pawpaw leaves. Causes of jaundice were septicemia, G6PD deficiency, ABO incompatibility, low birth weight and rhesus isoimmunization in decreasing order of frequency. Maternal factors include low socioeconomic status, teenage and low parity statuses of the mothers. Inappropriate treatment of neonatal jaundice by health workers was also one of the underlying reasons. Therefore, there is need to raise the level of awareness in the community of the occurrence and dangers of neonatal jaundice and its appropriate treatment. Health workers themselves need education and training in the early recognition and treatment of neonatal jaundice.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Burden of severe neonatal jaundice: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tina M. Slusher,Tara G Zamora,Duke Appiah,Judith U Stanke,Mark A. Strand,Burton W. Lee,Shane B Richardson,Elizabeth M. Keating,Ashajoythi M Siddappa,Ashajoythi M Siddappa,Bolajoko O. Olusanya +10 more
TL;DR: Limited but compelling evidence demonstrates that SNJ is associated with a significant health burden especially in low-income and middle-income countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk Factors for Severe Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Low and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
TL;DR: Infants at risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia in LMICs are associated with maternal and neonatal factors that can be effectively addressed by available interventions to curtail the disease burden prevailing in the affected countries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acute Bilirubin Encephalopathy and Its Progression to Kernicterus: Current Perspectives
Fatima Usman,Udochukwu Michael Diala,Steven M. Shapiro,Jean Baptiste Le Pichon,Tina M. Slusher +4 more
TL;DR: This work is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/ 3.0/).
Journal ArticleDOI
Patterns of acute bilirubin encephalopathy in Nigeria: a multicenter pre-intervention study
Udochukwu M. Diala,Richard Wennberg,Isa Abdulkadir,Zubaida L Farouk,Carlos D Coda Zabetta,Efe Omoyibo,Abieyuwa A. Emokpae,Aleksandr Y. Aravkin,Bose O Toma,Stephen Oguche,Tina M. Slusher +10 more
TL;DR: The high occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy in Nigeria is due in large part to a delay in seeking care, and a planned intervention strategy will target conditions leading to severe hyperbilirubinemia and delay.
Journal ArticleDOI
Risk factors for acute bilirubin encephalopathy on admission to two Myanmar national paediatric hospitals.
Gaston Arnolda,H. M. Nwe,Daniele Trevisanuto,A. A. Thin,A. A. Thein,T. Defechereux,D. Kumara,Luciano Moccia +7 more
TL;DR: Home birth, self-referral and G6PD screening status are identified as important risk factors for presentation with ABE; prematurity was protective, but this is interpreted as an artefact of the study design.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
System-based approach to management of neonatal jaundice and prevention of kernicterus.
TL;DR: Tem-based approach to pre and post-discharge jaundice management that would minimize the potential for lapses in care and the risk of kernicterus is proposed in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recurrence of kernicterus in term and near-term infants in Denmark.
TL;DR: In this paper, an audit of the six cases presented indicates that measures are necessary in both the primary and secondary healthcare sectors if the risk of kemicterus is to be avoided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and carboxyhemoglobin concentrations associated with bilirubin-related morbidity and death in Nigerian infants☆☆☆★★★
Tina M. Slusher,Hendrik J. Vreman,Donald W. McLaren,Laura Lewison,Audrey K. Brown,David K. Stevenson +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied 55 clinically jaundiced infants admitted to a rural mission hospital in southern Nigeria and determined whether glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and elevated carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels correlated with bilirubin-related morbidity and mortality rates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Why we are still doing so many exchange blood transfusion for neonatal jaundice in Nigeria
J A Owa,Titus A. Ogunlesi +1 more
TL;DR: With more effective phototherapy, EBT could be avoided in most of the babies who initially had phototherapy for more than 24 hours before EBT and repeated EBT sessions.
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