Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of longitudinal, midface cracks in continuously-cast slabs
TLDR
In this article, a mechanism for the formation of longitudinal, midface cracks in strand-cast slabs has been elucidated based on a series of related investigations, and the influence of the impinging metal stream, mold-powder practice, metal-level control, steel composition, end-plate taper, submold support and spray practice on the formation is explained in terms of this mechanism.Abstract:
Based on a series of related investigations, a mechanism for the formation of longitudinal, midface cracks in strand-cast slabs has been elucidated. Metallographic studies, X-ray analyses, and high-temperature tensile testing of as-cast slab samples, together with computer predictions of heat flow, have been combined to show that the cracks open first close to the solidification front where the ductility is extremely low. Tensile strains in the solid shell, resulting from rapid surface cooling or inadequate end-plate taper, concentrate in local regions of high temperature near the meniscus or at the level of nozzlestream impingement on the broad face. While the interior of the shell is opening, the surface which is cooler and more ductile, flows plastically to form a local surface depression. The subsurface cracks may subsequently break through to the surface in the mold or upper sprays if the tensile strains are sufficiently high. The influence of the impinging metal stream, mold-powder practice, metal-level control, steel composition, end-plate taper, submold support and spray practice on the formation of longitudinal, midface cracks is explained in terms of this mechanism.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The use of water cooling during the continuous casting of steel and aluminum alloys
TL;DR: In both continuous casting of steel slabs and direct chill casting of aluminum alloy ingots, water is used to cool the mold in the initial stages of solidification, and then below the mold, where it is in direct contact with the newly solidified surface of the metal as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of dendrite arm spacing for low alloy steel casting processes
M. El-Bealy,Brian G. Thomas +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, simple mathematical expressions to predict the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) and secondary Dendrite Arm spacing (SDAS) suitable for steel casting processes are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mold behavior and its influence on quality in the continuous casting of steel slabs: Part II. Mold heat transfer, mold flux behavior, formation of oscillation marks, longitudinal off-corner depressions, and subsurface cracks
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured axial heat-flux profiles from temperature measurements conducted on a slab mold under routine operating conditions and found that the heat flux was observed to have a maximum value at the meniscus and to decline with increasing distance down the mold.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal stresses in the early stage of solidification of steel
Abstract: A numerical model for calculation of thermal stresses and strains during solidification of steel is presented. Creep deformations are included. Stresses and strains during the early stage of solidification are studied for different steels under different cooling conditions. The results obtained may explain some observed cracking in continuously cast steel.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of oscillation-mark formation on the surface quality of continuously cast steel slabs
E. Takeuchi,J. K. Brimacombe +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the formation of oscillation marks on the surface quality of the slabs has been examined by metallographic in-vestigation of slab samples and by performing a set of mathematical analyses.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crack formation in the continuous casting of steel
J. K. Brimacombe,K. Sorimachi +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines the different types of internal and surface cracks that can form during the continuous casting of steel and assesses the operating and metallurgical factors that are known to influence crack formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Some considerations of strength and ductility in the continuous-casting process
TL;DR: In this article, the strength and ductility of low-carbon steels in the range of temperatures and strain rates of concern in continuous casting are presented, with special reference to the reduction in ductility observed in the temperature range of about 1500° to 2200°F following certain prior thermal histories.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design of continuous casting machines based on a heat-flow analysis: state-of-the-art review
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of the mould and spray sections of a continuous casting machine for steel has been examined in detail with the aid of a heat-flow mathematical model, and the thermal requirements that the design must meet have been established using experimental data obtained from commercial continuous-casting machines.
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