Journal ArticleDOI
Growth hormone treatment affects brain neurotransmitters and thyroxine
TLDR
Binding sites specific for growth hormone have been identified in the brain, but the action of GH on the central nervous system is still poorly understood.Abstract:
Objective Binding sites specific for growth hormone have been identified in the brain, but the action of GH on the central nervous system is still poorly understood. Design In a double-blind, placebo-controlled 21-month trial with a cross-over design, with each treatment period lasting for 9 months, we investigated the long-term effect of GH on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of some brain neurotransmitters and thyroid hormones of importance for mood and cognition. Patients Twenty-four patients with documented GH deficiency acquired in adult life took part. Results Analysis of CSF collected at the end of the two treatment periods showed that the GH concentration was related to the administered dose of rhGH (r = 0.56, P = 0.0044). After rhGH treatment the concentration of the dopamine metabolite homovanillic acid (HVA) had decreased from 218 +/- 80 to 193 +/- 82 nmol/l (P = 0.002) and that of the excitatory acid aspartate had increased from 233 +/- 81 to 313 +/- 116 nmol/l (P = 0.032). No effects were observed on the concentrations of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (the serotonin metabolite) and of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol (the noradrenaline metabolite), or on those of glutamate, glycine and beta-endorphin. However, both CSF and serum levels of free T4 decreased, from 19.8 +/- 6.1 to 16.6 +/- 5.7 nmol/l (P = 0.0002) and 17.0 +/- 5.0 to 13.7 +/- 4.3 nmol/l (P = 0.0001), respectively. The concentration of total T3 was not measurable in CSF but increased in serum from 1.41 to 1.53 nmol/l (P = 0.01). Conclusion The study demonstrates a passage of GH from the circulation into the CSF. The observed changes in homovanillic acid and free T4 are similar to those reported after successful treatment of depressive disorders with antidepressant drugs, and may reflect a beneficial effect of GH on mood and behaviour.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroendocrine Control of Growth Hormone Secretion
TL;DR: The secretion of growth hormone is regulated through a complex neuroendocrine control system, especially by the functional interplay of two hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SS), exerting stimulatory and inhibitory influences, respectively, on the somatotrope.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hypopituitarism following traumatic brain injury and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a preliminary report
Daniel F. Kelly,Irene T. Gaw Gonzalo,Pejman Cohan,Nancy Berman,Ronald S. Swerdloff,Christina Wang +5 more
TL;DR: From this preliminary study, some degree of hypopituitarism appears to occur in approximately 40% of patients with moderate or severe head injury, with GH and gonadotroph deficiencies being most common.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroendocrine control of growth hormone secretion.
TL;DR: Better understanding of the function of GHRH, SS, and their receptors and, hence, of neural regulation of GH secretion in health and disease has been achieved with the discovery of a new class of fairly specific, orally active, small peptides and their congeners, the GH-releasing peptides, acting on specific, ubiquitous seven-transmembrane domain receptors, whose natural ligands are not yet known.
Journal ArticleDOI
Insulin-like growth factor-I and cognitive function in healthy older men.
André Aleman,H. J. J. Verhaar,E. de Haan,W. R. de Vries,M. M. Samson,Madeleine L. Drent,E.A. van der Veen,H. P. F. Koppeschaar +7 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that circulating IGF-I may play a role in the age-related reduction of certain cognitive functions, specifically speed of information processing is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive changes during growth hormone replacement in adult men
TL;DR: It is concluded that GH replacement improves memory function in adults with CO-GHD and has no effect on psychological well-being or perceptual-motor skill.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Treatment of adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency with recombinant human GH.
Bengt-Åke Bengtsson,Staffan Edén,Lars Lönn,Henry Kvist,A. Stokland,Göran Lindstedt,Ingvar Bosaeus,J. Tölli,Lars Sjöström,Olle Isaksson +9 more
TL;DR: The results show that GH replacement in GHD adults results in marked alterations in body composition, fat distribution, and bone and mineral metabolism and reduces psychiatric symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Decreased psychological well‐being in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency
TL;DR: Psychological well‐being was assessed in a large number of patients with GH deficiency of adult origin and found that GH seems to influence quality of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quality of life assessment before and after growth hormone treatment in adults with growth hormone deficiency
TL;DR: The quality of life assessment before and after growth hormone treatment in adults with growth hormone deficiency is compared to other children with similar medical conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of growth hormone therapy on thyroid function of growth hormone-deficient adults with and without concomitant thyroxine-substituted central hypothyroidism.
Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen,Søren A. Pedersen,Peter Laurberg,Jørgen Weeke,Niels E. Skakkebæk,J. S. Christiansen +5 more
TL;DR: The data are consistent with a GH-induced enhancement of peripheral deiodination of T4 to T3, and GH seems to play an important role, either directly or indirectly, in the regulation of peripheral T4 metabolism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potentiation of Antidepressant Effects by L-Triiodothyronine in Tricyclic Nonresponders
TL;DR: Six women and 6 men who were treated in double-blind fashion major depressive illness did not respond to imipramine or amitriptyline, 150-300 mg/day, but after the addition of L-triiodothyronine (T3), 9 patients showed statistically significant improvement in depression scores.