A hybrid neural network system for the recognition of handwritten character using SOFM,BP and Fuzzy network is presented. The horizontal and vertical project of preprocessed character and 4_directional edge project are used as feature vectors. In order to improve the recognition effect, the GAT algorithm is applied. Through the hybrid neural network system, the recognition rate is improved visibly.

The Self-Organizing Map (SOM) algorithm has attracted a great deal of interest among researches and practitioners in a wide variety of fields. The SOM has been analyzed extensively, a number of variants have been developed and, perhaps most notably, it has been applied extensively within fields ranging from engineering sciences to medicine, biology, and economics. We have collected a comprehensive list of 5384 scientific papers that use the algorithms, have benefited from them, or contain analyses of them. The list is intended to serve as a source for literature surveys. The present addendum contains 2092 new articles, mainly from the years 1998-2002. We have provided a keyword index to help finding articles of interest, and additionally a modern automatically constructed variant of a thematic index: a WEBSOM interface to the whole article collection of years 1981-2000. The SOM of SOMs is available at http://websom.hut.fi/websom/somref/search.cgi for browsing and searching the collection.

Additional excerpts

Handwritten character recognition based on hybrid neural networks

Bibliography of Self-Organizing Map SOM) Papers: 1998-2001 Addendum

This paper introduces an adaptive or category-dependent normalization method that normalizes an input pattern against each reference pattern using global/local affine transformation (GAT/LAT) in a hierarchical manner as a general deformation model. Also, the normalization criterion is clearly defined as minimization of the mean of nearest-neighbor interpoint distances between each reference pattern and a normalized input pattern. Optimal GAT/LAT is determined by iterative application of weighted least-squares fitting techniques. Experiments using input patterns of 3,171 character categories, including Kanji, Kana, and alphanumerics, written by 36 people in the cursive style against square-style reference patterns show that the proposed method not only can absorb a fairly large amount of handwriting fluctuation within the same category, but the discrimination ability is greatly improved by the suppression of excessive normalization against similarly shaped but different categories. Furthermore, comparative results obtained by the conventional shape normalization method for preprocessing are presented.

methods

Adaptive normalization of handwritten characters using global/local affine transformation

A handwriting recognition system based on neural networks and fuzzy logic is proposed. The neural network is used to extract local features from pattern. And based on the feature maps, a fuzzy logic recognizer is adopted to do the recognition. Experiments show that the system has large ability to deal with distortion and shift variations in handwriting characters.

Handwritten character recognition based on hybrid neural networks

Citations

Bibliography of Self-Organizing Map SOM) Papers: 1998-2001 Addendum

References

Adaptive normalization of handwritten characters using global/local affine transformation

Handwritten digits recognition with neural networks and fuzzy logic

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