Journal ArticleDOI
Hydraulic resistance of flow in channels with cylindrical roughness
Brian M. Stone,Hung Tao Shen +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, a laboratory study on the hydraulics of flow in an open channel with circular cylindrical roughness is presented, and the results show that the flow resistance varies with flow depth, stem concentration, stem length, and stem diameter.Abstract:
A laboratory study on the hydraulics of flow in an open channel with circular cylindrical roughness is presented. The laboratory study consists of an extensive set of flume experiments for flows with emergent and submerged cylindrical stems of various sizes and concentrations. The results show that the flow resistance varies with flow depth, stem concentration, stem length, and stem diameter. The stem resistance experienced by the flow through the vegetation is best expressed in terms of the maximum depth-averaged velocity between the stems. Physically based formulas for flow resistance, the apparent channel velocity, and flow velocities in the roughness and surface layers are developed. The formulas are validated with the flume data from the present study as well as those from past studies. A method for calculating channel hydraulic conditions using these formulas is presented.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Laboratory Investigation of Mean Drag in a Random Array of Rigid, Emergent Cylinders
Yukie Tanino,Heidi Nepf +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the drag exerted by randomly distributed, rigid, emergent circular cylinders of uniform diameter d. Laboratory measurements are presented for solid volume fraction ϕ=0.091, 0.15, 0.27, and 0.35 and cylinder Reynolds number Rep ≡ Up d∕ν=25 to 685, where Up =temporally and cross-sectionally averaged pore velocity and ν =kinematic viscosity.
Journal ArticleDOI
On inducing equations for vegetation resistance
Martin J. Baptist,Vladan Babovic,J. Rodríguez Uthurburu,Maarten Keijzer,R.E. Uittenbogaard,Arthur E. Mynett,A. Verwey +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the process of induction of equations for the description of vegetation-induced roughness from several angles, and present a numerical 1-DV k-e turbulence model which includes several important features related to the influence plants exhibit on the flow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of vegetation on channel morphodynamics: results and insights from laboratory experiments
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory experiments demonstrates that riparian vegetation can cause a braided channel to self-organize to, and maintain, a dynamic, single-thread channel.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calculating bed load transport in steep boulder bed channels
TL;DR: In this article, the authors modify a conventional bed load transport equation to account for the effects of local sediment availability (coverage by mobile sediment) and drag due to rarely mobile particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of velocity profiles and longitudinal dispersion in salt marsh vegetation
Anne F. Lightbody,Heidi Nepf +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the stem frontal area, velocity, vertical diffusion, and longitudinal dispersion in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh in the Plum Island Estuary in Rowley, Massachusetts.
References
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Book
Applied fluid dynamics handbook
TL;DR: Applied fluid dynamics handbook as mentioned in this paper, applied fluid dynamic handbook, applied fluid dynamics handsbook, مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اشعر رسانی
Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of Flow through Vegetation
TL;DR: In this paper, the Manning n value is quantitatively evaluated for flow in heavily vegetated channels and the results show that the n value increases in proportion to two-thirds power of the hydraulic radius for conditions where the vegetation density is a constant over the flow depth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flexible roughness in open channels
Nicholas Kouwen,T. E. Unny +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a logarithmic flow formula for open channels is valid for flow over a roughness cover made up of flexible plastic strips, and three regimes of boundary behavior are observed for flexible plastic roughness, leading to two resistance functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overland flow in wetlands: vegetation resistance.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a power law equation for dense emergent vegetation with spatial uniformity on the scale of 10 m. Parameters in the model can be estimated with sufficient accuracy from vegetation and soil surveys, combined with relatively little hydrologic data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flow Retardance in Vegetated Channels
TL;DR: In this paper, a quasi-theoretical analysis for the flow retardance in vegetated channels is given, based on which a logarithmic flow formula has been derived for flow in these channels.