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Impact of in-service professional development programs for early childhood teachers on quality ratings and child outcomes

TLDR
In this article, a review summarizes findings from (quasi-experimental studies that evaluated in-service training effects for ECEC professionals on external quality ratings and child development, and showed that quality improvement is a key mechanism to accelerate the development of young children.
Abstract
High pedagogical quality in early childhood education and care (ECEC) is related to developmental outcomes in young children. This review summarizes findings from (quasi)-experimental studies that evaluated in-service training effects for ECEC professionals on external quality ratings and child development. The aggregation of findings at teacher level (including 36 studies with 2,891 teachers) revealed a medium in-service training effect on process quality (effect size [ES] = 0.68, SE = 0.07, p < .001). Furthermore, a subset of nine studies (including 486 teachers and 4,504 children) that provided data on both quality ratings and child development were analyzed, and they showed a small effect at child level (ES = 0.14; SE = 0.02, p < .001) and a medium effect at the corresponding classroom level (ES = 0.45, SE = 0.11, p < .001). Variance in effect sizes at child level was significantly related to in-service effects on quality ratings (53% explained variance). The results show that quality improvement is a key mechanism to accelerate the development of young children.

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References
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Book

Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods

TL;DR: The Logic of Hierarchical Linear Models (LMLM) as discussed by the authors is a general framework for estimating and hypothesis testing for hierarchical linear models, and it has been used in many applications.
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What Makes Professional Development Effective? Results From a National Sample of Teachers

TL;DR: The authors used a large-scale empirical comparison of effects of different characteristics of professional development on teachers' learning, and found that content knowledge, opportunities for active learning and coherence with other learning activities significantly affect teacher learning.

National Association for the Education of Young Children

TL;DR: In this paper, the alignment of course competencies to Arizona Professional Teacher Standards, NAEYC Standards, and CEC Standards is discussed, along with a review and evaluation of the teacher's overall performance.
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