Journal ArticleDOI
Intracellular and extracellular acid-base status and H+ exchange with the environment after exhaustive exercise in the rainbow trout.
C. L. Milligan,Chris M. Wood +1 more
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Exhaustive exercise induced a severe short-lived respiratory, and longer-lived metabolic, acidosis in the extracellular fluid of the rainbow trout, and whole-body pHi was slower to recover than pHe, requiring up to 12 h, with no subsequent alkalosis.Abstract:
Exhaustive exercise induced a severe short-lived (0-1 h) respiratory, and longer-lived (0-4 h) metabolic, acidosis in the extracellular fluid of the rainbow trout. Blood 'lactate' load exceeded blood 'metabolic acid' load from 1-12 h after exercise. Over-compensation occurred, so that by 8-12 h, metabolic alkalosis prevailed, but by 24 h, resting acid-base status had been restored. Acid-base changes were similar, and lactate levels identical, in arterial and venous blood. However, at rest venous RBC pHi was significantly higher than arterial (7.42 versus 7.31). After exercise, arterial RBC pHi remained constant, whereas venous RBC pHi fell significantly (to 7.18) but was fully restored by 1 h. Resting mean whole-body pHi, measured by DMO distribution, averaged approx. 7.25 at a pHe of approx. 7.82 and fell after exercise to a low of 6.78 at a pHe of approx. 7.30. Whole-body pHi was slower to recover than pHe, requiring up to 12 h, with no subsequent alkalosis. Whole-body ECFV decreased by about 70 ml kg-1 due to a fluid shift into the ICF. Net H+ excretion to the water increased 1 h after exercise accompanied by an elevation in ammonia efflux. At 8-12 h, H+ excretion was reduced to resting levels and at 12-24 h, a net H+ uptake occurred. Lactate excretion amounted to approx. 1% of the net H+ excretion and only approx. 2% of the whole blood load. Only a small amount of the anaerobically produced H+ in the ICF appeared in the ECF and subsequently in the water. By 24 h, all the H+ excreted had been taken back up, thus correcting the extracellular alkalosis. The bulk of the H+ load remained intracellular, to be cleared by aerobic metabolism.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Acid-Base and Ion Balance, Metabolism, and their Interactions, after Exhaustive Exercise in Fish
TL;DR: Elevated catecholamine levels are implicated in many of these responses and serve to protect metabolic processes against acid-base disturbances, but do not appear to contribute to EPOC directly.
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Measurement and relevance of maximum metabolic rate in fishes.
Tommy Norin,Timothy Clark +1 more
TL;DR: Various techniques used to elicit and measure maximum (aerobic) metabolic rate in different fish species with contrasting lifestyles are outlined and the relevance of MMR to the ecology, fitness and climate change resilience of fishes is discussed.
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Physiological Effects of Brief Air Exposure in Exhaustively Exercised Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Implications for "Catch and Release" Fisheries
R. A. Ferguson,Bruce L. Tufts +1 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the brief period of air exposure which occurs in many "catch and release" fisheries is a significant additional stress which may ultimately influence whether a released fish survives.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tissue intracellular acid-base status and the fate of lactate after exhaustive exercise in the rainbow trout.
C. L. Milligan,Chris M. Wood +1 more
TL;DR: Exhaustive 'burst-type' exercise in the rainbow trout resulted in a severe acidosis in the white muscle, with pHi dropping from 7.21 to a low of 6.62, as measured by DMO distribution, suggesting that there was an uncoupling of ATP hydrolysis and glycolysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of Ammonia Excretion Across Fish Gills
TL;DR: Improvements in understanding of the linkage between CO2 and ammonia excretion, and the likelihood that H+-ATPases are present in freshwater fish gills, should improve understanding about mechanisms of branchial JAmm.
References
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CALCULATION OF INTRACELLULAR pH FROM THE DISTRIBUTION OF 5,5-DIMETHYL-2,4-OXAZOLIDINEDIONE (DMO). APPLICATION TO SKELETAL MUSCLE OF THE DOG
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TL;DR: During oxygen limitation in animals, glucose can be fermented via several metabolic pathways varying in energetic efficiency and leading to various end products (such as lactate, alanopine, octopine), succinate, or propionate.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Aulis Hyvärinen,Esko A. Nikkilä +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
The oxygen transport system in trout (salmo gairdneri) during sustained exercise
Joe W. Kiceniuk,David R. Jones +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the capabilities of the oxygen transport system of rainbow trout in supplying the increased oxygen demands in exercise, in a water tunnel at 9-10.5 °C, by increasing the velocity of water flow, with a 1 h period between increments, up to the maximum swimming speed (critical velocity, U crit ).
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